Data privacy and security are of paramount importance in clinical data management to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and protection of sensitive patient information and research data. Maintaining robust data privacy and security measures is essential for complying with regulatory requirements and maintaining the trust of patients, researchers, and stakeholders. Here's how data privacy and security can be ensured in clinical data management

1. Data Privacy and Security in Clinical Data
Management
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NAME;- CH.KEERTHANA
QUALIFICATION;-M.PHARMACY
STUDENT ID;-169

2. DATA PRIVACY
DATA SECURITY
DATA SECURITY V/S DATA PRIVACY
DATA SECURITY AND PRIVACY METHODS
CONCULATION
REFERENCES
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3. DATA PRIVECY
Data privacy is a guideline for how data should be collected or handled, based on
its sensitivity and importance. Data privacy is typically applied to personal health
information (PHI) and personally identifiable information (PII)
This includes;-
social security or ID numbers,
names,
birthdates,
medical records
 and contact information.
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4.  Data security is the defense of digital information against
internal and external, malicious and accidental threats.
 Organizations have adopted countless security measures
and data security tools to guarantee data security
For example,
An MFA system might use a traditional username and
password combined with a code that is sent to the user's
smart phone via text message.
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6. Methods;-
 Data Security
 Data Integrity
 Need of Data Security
 Physical Security
 Software Safeguards
 IDS
 User ID
 Encryption
 Digital Certificate
 Copyright
 Ethical Issues
 Legal Issues
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7.  Data security is basically the process of keeping certain information private.
 It involves the use of various methods to make sure that data is kept
confidential and safe.
 Data security ensures the integrity and the privacy of data, as well as
preventing the loss or corruption of data.
Data Integrity
When data is processed it is usually changed in some way or
another
Data integrity describes the correctness of this change
Safeguards are needed to make sure that the data has integrity
by detecting any mistakes or malicious change to the data
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8.  Many businesses hold very important and
confidential data
 Hence security of data is extremely important
 Data must be safeguarded all the time
Software Safeguards
 There are many software measures which can
protect data.
 The following explains some of the most common
approaches used now a days
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9. The most obvious choice of protecting data is to keep it in a safe locked
room/building
Protected rooms can be safeguarded by
ID card scanning
Biometrics (retina-scan, fingerprint- scanning)
Using a safe
IDS( stands for Intrusion Detection System)
IDS monitors the operation of the network to detect illegal operations
The system may be
 server-based - detecting attacks on the operation of the file-server
 network based, watching the pattern of traffic across the network
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10. This is a unique name or code used to identify a specific user when gaining access
(logging in)
Methods of using a user ID
Passwords
Personal Identification Devices
Personal Identification Numbers (PIN)
Encryption
Encryption makes data in a computer system illegible and makes data look meaningless
An encryption key is a code used for the encryption process
A decryption key is needed before the data can be changed back to its original form
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11. The certification authority, also known as a trusted service
provider or a trusted third party, is a business that
provides online certification facilities
Copyright
Copyright is a protection that covers published and
unpublished
I. Literary
II. Scientific
III. artistic works
IV. Copyright laws grant only the creator the right to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute, perform
and display the work publicly.
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12. When you purchase software, you do not become the owner of the
copyright, you are purchasing the right to use the software under certain
restrictions
Legal Issues
The copyright owner may choose between
Actual damages - which include the amount he/she has lost because of
your violation Legal damages - which can be as much as $150,000 for
each program copied. In addition, the government can criminally
prosecute you for copyright infringement, you can be fined up to
$250,000, or sentenced to jail for up to five years, or both!
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13. Collection of data continues to expand rapidly, growing
datasets into longer-term repositories with increasing value.
 When datasets include potentially identifiable personal
information, steps to prevent disclosure of this information can
limit the extent to which researchers can analyze data with
granular and accurate enough calculations.
There are no silver bullets in disclosure limitation, and no
single privacy-enhancing technique or technology will
completely remove privacy risks.
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14.  1. Adams RJ, Appleton SL, Gill TK, Taylor AW, Wilson DH, Hill
CL:“Cause for concern in the use of non-steroidal anti-
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anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of gastrointestinal symptoms”.
Am J Gastroenterol;2002;97(9):2215-2219.
 3.Wood AJ, Brass EP.“Changing the status of drugs from
prescription to over-the-counter availability”. N Engle J
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 4.Guyatt GH, Oman AD, Kunz R, et al: “Rating quality of evidence
and strength of recommendations: going from evidence to
recommendations”. BMJ. 2008;(284),1-8
 5.Alamanos Y, Vulgar PV, Dross AA: “Incidence and prevalence of
rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of
Rheumatology criteria”:a systematic review. Semen Arthritis
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