2. Moving VictimsMoving Victims
Moving injured victim likely to cause furtherMoving injured victim likely to cause further
injuryinjury
In most cases wait for professional helpIn most cases wait for professional help
May have to move victim to protect fromMay have to move victim to protect from
danger at scenedanger at scene
May have to move victim to flat surface toMay have to move victim to flat surface to
provide CPRprovide CPR
3. Indication of emergencyIndication of emergency
rescuerescue
Back injury is hazard for First RespondersBack injury is hazard for First Responders
To minimize risks, use good bodyTo minimize risks, use good body
mechanicsmechanics
Body mechanics are principles of usingBody mechanics are principles of using
your body safelyyour body safely
4. Body Mechanics and Lifting
TechniquesTechniques
Know your physical ability and limitationsKnow your physical ability and limitations
Plan the liftPlan the lift
Ensure you have a good gripEnsure you have a good grip
Test the loadTest the load
Position your feet properly before starting liftPosition your feet properly before starting lift
Lift with your legs, not with your backLift with your legs, not with your back
Keep patient’s weight close to your bodyKeep patient’s weight close to your body
Avoid twisting your back during the liftAvoid twisting your back during the lift
Communicate clearly with your partner andCommunicate clearly with your partner and
other EMS providersother EMS providers
5. Patient PositioningPatient Positioning
Reposition a patient only when necessaryReposition a patient only when necessary
Reposition a breathing, unresponsive, non-Reposition a breathing, unresponsive, non-
trauma patient in the recovery positiontrauma patient in the recovery position
Don’t move or reposition a trauma patientDon’t move or reposition a trauma patient
unless necessary to treat life-threateningunless necessary to treat life-threatening
conditioncondition
Allow responsive patient to assumeAllow responsive patient to assume
comfortable positioncomfortable position
16. Log RollLog Roll
Use log roll to move patient from prone toUse log roll to move patient from prone to
supinesupine
Three to five rescuers are needed to safelyThree to five rescuers are needed to safely
roll patientroll patient
For trauma patient with spinal injury,For trauma patient with spinal injury,
stabilize head in line with bodystabilize head in line with body
17. Log Roll continuedLog Roll continued
1.1. The rescuer at the patient’s head holds the head inThe rescuer at the patient’s head holds the head in
line with the body as two or three additionalline with the body as two or three additional
rescuers take position with hands at the patient’srescuers take position with hands at the patient’s
lower and upper leg, hip and torso, and shoulder.lower and upper leg, hip and torso, and shoulder.
2.2. At the direction of the responder at the head, theAt the direction of the responder at the head, the
rescuers in unison roll the patient toward them, withrescuers in unison roll the patient toward them, with
the head held in line and the spine straight.the head held in line and the spine straight.
3.3. The rescuers complete the log roll, positioning theThe rescuers complete the log roll, positioning the
patient on the back with head and neck still in linepatient on the back with head and neck still in line
with the body.with the body.
18.
19. Risk of Spinal InjuryRisk of Spinal Injury
• Moving patient quickly risks aggravating aMoving patient quickly risks aggravating a
spinal injuryspinal injury
• Keep head and neck in line with spineKeep head and neck in line with spine
• It is impossible to protect spine whileIt is impossible to protect spine while
removing patient from a vehicle quicklyremoving patient from a vehicle quickly
20. Extrication from VehiclesExtrication from Vehicles
First Responders may be trained inFirst Responders may be trained in
rapid extrication using cervical collarrapid extrication using cervical collar
and inline stabilization of head/neckand inline stabilization of head/neck
Follow local protocolFollow local protocol
Wait for EMTs trained in specialWait for EMTs trained in special
extrication techniquesextrication techniques
21. One-Rescuer EmergencyOne-Rescuer Emergency
DragsDrags
Pull/drag patient in direction of long axisPull/drag patient in direction of long axis
of bodyof body
Don’t drag patient sideways, and avoidDon’t drag patient sideways, and avoid
twisting neck/trunktwisting neck/trunk
Never pull head away from neck/shouldersNever pull head away from neck/shoulders
Risk of spinal injury can be minimized byRisk of spinal injury can be minimized by
using a blanket, rug, board, etcusing a blanket, rug, board, etc
Choice of move depends on materials atChoice of move depends on materials at
hand, patient’s condition, and situationhand, patient’s condition, and situation
23. Emergency CarriesEmergency Carries
Used when patient must be movedUsed when patient must be moved
immediatelyimmediately
One or more rescuers may carry patientOne or more rescuers may carry patient
Method used depends on patient’s size,Method used depends on patient’s size,
condition and situation:condition and situation:
Walking assistWalking assist
Cradle carryCradle carry
Multiple-rescuer techniques are safer/lessMultiple-rescuer techniques are safer/less
stressfulstressful