The document discusses various types of electric motors and motor controllers. It describes squirrel cage induction motors, different types of motor starters including full voltage non-reversing, reduced voltage autotransformer, and variable frequency drives. It also discusses components of variable frequency drives, features of VFDs, inverter rated motors, overload conditions like single phasing and unbalanced voltage, motor protection types, and motor installation requirements.

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MOTORS&CONTROLLERS
NEC430
ElectricalTrainingSeminar
BKVGroup
ChadKurdi
2015
SQUIRREL-CAGEINDUCTIONMOTOR
Goodstartingtorque
Stator&rotorarelinkedbyacommon
magneticcircuit
SQUIRREL-CAGEINDUCTIONMOTOR
SS=(120*F)/#poles
ELECTRICAL&CONTROLSYMBOLS
MOTORCONTROLLERS
ManualStarters
MagneticStarters
FVNR-FullvoltageNon-reversing
FVR-FullvoltageReversing
2S2W-TwoSpeed-TwoWindingStarter
RVAT-ReducedVoltageAutotransformer
ElectronicMotorControl
SSRV-SolidStateReducedVoltage
VFD-AdjustableSpeed
ACROSSTHELINESTARTER

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ACROSSTHELINESTARTERREDUCEDVOLTAGE-PRIMARYRESISTANCE
STARTERS
REDUCEDVOLTAGE-AUTOTRANSFORMER
STARTERS
FOUR-SPEEDSQUIRREL-CAGEMOTORS
WOUND-ROTORINDUCTIONMOTOR
DIRECTIONOFROTATIONFOR3-PHASEMOTORS

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CONNECTINGDUAL-VOLTAGE3-PHASEMOTORS-
HV
CONNECTINGDUAL-VOLTAGE3-PHASEMOTORS-
LV
DIRECT-CURRENTMOTORSDIRECT-CURRENTMOTORS
DCDRIVES3-PHASEFULLRECTIFIERDCDRIVES3-PHASEFULLRECTIFIER
Diodes
CSR

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POWERDEVICES-SOLIDSTATE
SSRV-SolidStateReducedVoltage
AdjustableSpeedDrives
6Pulse
18Pulse
SOFTSTARTCONTROLLER
SoftstartsuseSCRstocontroltheappliedvoltagetothemotor
3Phase
Power
Input
L1
L2
L3
T1
T2
T3
Motor
PowerSection
Supply
Voltage
Firingfor
25%RMS
Voltage
Firingfor
50%RMS
Voltage
BASICCOMPONENTSOFVARIABLE-FREQUENCY
DRIVE
Rectifier
(changes
ACtoDC)
Electronic
Switches
(IGBTs)
(TurnsIGBTs
onandoff)
DC
(60Hz)
PWMOutput
M
Capacitors
Incoming
LinePower
Variablevoltage&
frequencytomotor
4
3
2
1
CPU
Rectifier,Capacitors,Heart&Brains
VARIABLE-FREQUENCYDRIVES(VFD)
FEATURESOFVFD
SpeedControl
Low-speedtorque
Acceleration/decelerationcontrol:ramping
Unitprogramming:
Currentlimit
Voltsperhertz
Maximumhertz
Minimumhertz
INVERTERRATEDMOTORS
Separateblowertoprovidecontinuouscooling
forthemotorregardlessofspeed
Insulatingpaperbetweenwindings/statorcore
Phasepaperaddedtoterminalleads
Magnetwireusedinmotorwindingshasa
higherratedinsulation
Caseislargerthanmost3-phasemotors

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OVERLOADCONDITIONSINGLEPHASING
Downedpowerline,utilitycompany’sprimarytransformerfuseorcutoutbeing
open,openconnection,badtermination,opensplice,brokenconductor,
burnedopencontactsinamotorcontroller,etc.
SINGLEPHASINGUNBALANCEDVOLTAGE
Causesunbalancedcurrentsinstatorwindings
NEMArecommendsthatitnotexceed±10%
TYPE1PROTECTION
Contactor&startershallnotcausedangerforpersons
workingonorneartheequipment
TYPE2PROTECTION
Contactor&startershallnotcausedangerforpersons
workingonorneartheequipmentand,contactoror
startershallbesuitableforfurtheruse

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MOTORINSTALLATIONMOTORINSTALLATION
MOTORDISCONNECTING
Mustbeinsightofthecontroller
Mustbeinsightofmotorlocation&driven
machinery
MOTORDISCONNECTING
MOTORINSTALLATION3-PLASE480V