Cassava Weed Management Project Progress Presentation

1. www.iita.orgA member of the CGIAR Consortium
Sustainable Weed Management
Technologies for Cassava Systems in
Nigeria
The Journey so far
Alfred Dixon et al.

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1. Impact of weeds
2. Project goal, components & activities
3. Project partners
4. Updates
5. Challenges
6. Looking ahead

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Impact of Weeds in Cassava
 Weeds causes low productivity of
cassava in Africa.
 Hand weeding is predominant weed
control practice.
 Farmers weed 3X, but more where
Imperata, Cyperus spp, etc. are
predominant.
 Weeding takes 50 to 80% of total
labor budget.
 Women do >90% of the hand-
weeding
 69% of farm children (ages of 5-14)
skip classes in school and used in
weeding.

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Project Goal and Components
Goal
 Help smallholder cassava growers achieve sustainable increases in
their productivity and incomes through the development and
adoption of improved weed control methods.
Components
 Agronomic manipulations including mechanical weeding.
 Herbicide screening for efficacy and economic merit.
 Integrated weed management that is effective and sustainable.
 Extension (including training on safe use of herbicides).
 Project Management, including communications, scaling up, M&E, nd
project management capacity building.
Duration: 5 Years
Beneficiaries: 125,000 households

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Mechanical
weeding:
Short handle hoe
Motorized weeder
Brush cutter
Long handle hoe
Herbicide
screening:
Pre –
emergence
herbicides
Post –
emergence
herbicides
Agronomic
practices:
Tillage
Cassava variety
Plant density
Fertilization
Intercrop
On-farm trials, demonstrations:
Raising awareness for weed
control
Raising awareness for safety
of sprayers
Training of trainers
Training of spray service
providers
Project Activities

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Project Partners
Dr Adeyemi Olojede &
Team
FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF
AGRICULTURE
ABEOKUTA
Dr P. Olorunmaiye &
Team
UNIVERSITY OF
AGRICULTURE MAKURDI
Dr Hughes Usman &
Team
NAFDAC, NESREA, SON, FMARD, State ADPs, CropLife Nigeria,
Bayer AG, Valent, Syngenta, Monsanto, Saro AgroSciences

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Updates: Agronomy trials
 Tillage [MT, Ridge].
 Variety [TMS 30572 {branching}, TME 419
{erect}].
 Cassava density [10, 000 to 25, 000
plants/ha].
 Cropping System [Sole, Cassava/Maize].
 Fertilizer [-Fertilizer, +Fertilizer].
 8 sites [in Abia, Ogun, Oyo, Benue states]
 2 seasons & 2 years

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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
CumulativeWeeddrymatter
(gram/m2)
Ido
Flat
Ridge
Moniya
Intercrop
Mono-
crop
TME419
TMS
30572
Fertilizer
Nil
p<0.0001 ns
p<0.0001
nsns
Site SystemVarietyFertilizerTillage
Cumulative weed biomass by factor in a second season planted cassava crop.
Weed Biomass

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Results of Agronomy trials (Av: all sites)

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Mechanical weeding trials
 On-station field trials in 2015:
4 sites on ridged and flat soil
Equipment: spike, manual rotary hoe, cone
hoe, small and large mantis weeders and
brush cutter .
 On-station field trials in 2016:
4 sites on ridged and flat land with gender
included
Equipment: Small & Large mantis, brush
cutter & long handle hoe.
 On-farm demonstration started in 2016:
8 sites on ridged and flat soil with gender
included.
Four treatments:
 Large mantis
 Small mantis
 Long handle hoe
 Short handle hoe (farmer practice)

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Updates on results of mechanical weeding
presented at Workshop yesterday (Abeokuta)

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Herbicide selection in 2014
• Chemical
• Chemical companies
• CropLife Nigeria
• National Partners
• NAFDAC
• NESREA
• FMARD
• Purdue University
Using due diligence
2014
22
Pre
19
PostE
2015
12
Pre
6
PostE
Bayer
Syngenta
Valent
FMC
Monsanto
BASF
Saro AgroSciences
DuPont
4 locations
2 seasons (Ibadan)
49 PreE herbicides trt. (3 reps)
33 PostE herbicides trt. (3 reps)

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Sencor Plus (2L/ha) at 10WAT without
post emergence treatment

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Merlin Total (0.5L/ha) at 10WAT without
post emergence treatment

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Gardoprim Plus Gold (5L/ha) at 10WAT
without post emergence treatment

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Fierce (0.32kg/ha) at 10WAT without
post emergence treatment

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On-farm demonstration trials in 2016
50 sites
25 cassava/Maize sites
(Abia = 6; Benue = 6, Ogun=6, Oyo=7)
25 Cassava mono crop sites
(Abia = 6; Benue = 6, Ogun=6, Oyo=7)

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Maize harvest from cas/maz intercrop: 7 sites

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704.2
927.2
1,077.2
1,184.5
1,238.1
1,284.1
1,296.7
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
FPractice
NoPre
Movon
Fierce
GardoPrim
Primextra
Lagon
Price ($) of fresh maize ha-1
Revenue from sales of fresh maize after Pre-emergence
E herbicides in cass/maz intercrop: 7 sites [Post]

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Farmer field day

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Formation of Spray Service Providers in
50 sites at community level
Spray Service Providers

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50 sites X 1000 farmers = 50,000 farmers
One farm,
one EA
20 SSP
reach are
organized
20 SSP
reach 50
farmers
per
season=
1000
Projected reach per site via SSP in 2016

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Interactions with Private sector
in-country
Monsanto participated
in our FFD
Syngenta participated in
our FFD

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SocialMedia
Contacts
Impressions
Page
Members
Uploads
Pins
Totalviews
Downloads
Total
LinkedIn 1,389 1,389
Twitter 66,374 66,374
Facebook 547 311 858
Flickr 80 107 107
Pinterest 110 5,199 5,309
Slide share 7,741 114 7,855
YouTube 10 330 330
Website 13 1,456 1,456
Total 1,389 66,374 547 311 103 110 13,377 1,570 83,678
Website: www.cassavaweeds.org
Cumulative Project reach through social media

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Weed
control
method
Tuber
yield
(t/ha)
Crop
value
Weeding
cost
Marging
over
weeding
cost
Marging
over HW
Margin
$/ha $/ha $/ha $/ha %
Glyphosate 24.8 629 74 556 251 83
HWA 3
Farmer
Practice
20.8 507 203 304 0 0
Partial budget analysis to determine margins over weed management
treatment in cassava in Imperata dominated field in Nigeria. Source: Chikoye
et al., 2006.

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WhatsApp (cassava matters)
256 farmers/stakeholders

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Persons reached in newspapers

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Challenges
1. Availability of herbicides: working with
herbicides companies both in-country and outside
to ensure availability.
2. Availability of mechanical weeders: working
with Nigerian engineers/fabricators to adapt and
produce locally made weeders in-country.
3. Agrochemical adulteration: working with
FMARD and NAFDAC and SON and advise to
farmers to buy from reputable companies and their
agents

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 Intensify screening effort of
mechanical weeding machines for
small and large scale cassava farms.
 Work with mechanization unit in IITA
and a group of identified Nigerian
Engineers and Fabricators for
production of motorized weeding
machines.
 Promote and out-scale few pre and
post emergence herbicides for
effective weed control in cassava.
 Promote integrated weed control
options and GAP for optimum growth
and increased productivity of cassava.
Looking ahead
Locally
fabricated
Rotary Weeder
Wiggle weeder

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Thank you for listening