Floods occur when a body of water rises to cover dry land, and are one of the most common natural hazards. Factors like heavy rain, snowmelt, dam failures, soil conditions, and development in flood-prone areas can all contribute to flooding. Flood risks increase with development in coastal areas and floodplains. Proper preparation includes purchasing flood insurance if in a floodplain, having an evacuation plan, and protecting property by elevating utilities and reinforcing structures. If evacuating during a flood, avoid flooded areas and fast moving water.