2. Biome
•Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as
similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as
communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms,[1] and
are often referred to as ecosystems.
•Biomes are defined by factors such as plant structures
(such as trees, shrbs, and grasses), leaf types (such as
broadleaf and needleleaf), plant spacing (forest, woodland,
savanna), and climate. Unlike ecozones, biomes are not
defined by genetic, taxonomic, or historical similarities.
•A fundamental classification of biomes is:
-Terrestrial (land) biomes
-Aquatic biomes (including freshwater biomes and marine
biomes)
3. ECOSYSTEM
• An ecosystem is a biological system consisting of all the
living organisms or biotic components in a particular area
and the nonliving or abiotic component with which the
organisms interact, such as air, mineral soil, water and
sunlight.
• An ecosystem consists of the biological community that
occurs in some locale, and the physical and chemical
factors that make up its non-living or abiotic environment.
There are many examples of ecosystems -- a pond, a
forest, an estuary, a grassland. The boundaries are not
fixed in any objective way, although sometimes they seem
obvious, as with the shoreline of a small pond.
4. •'Biotic components' are the living things that shape an
ecosystem. A 'biotic factor' is any living component that affects
another organism, including animals that consume the organism
in question, and the living food that the organism consumes.
•Biotic components usually include:
•Producers
•Consumers
•Decomposers
5. -Feeding
All living organisms need to take substances from their environment to
obtain energy, to grow and to stay healthy.
-Movement
All living organisms show movement of one kind or another. All living
organisms have internal movement, which means that they have the ability
of moving substances from one part of their body to another. Some living
organisms show external movement as well - they can move from place to
place by walking, flying or swimming.
-Breathing or Respiration
All living things exchange gases with their environment. Animals take in
oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
-Excretion
Excretion is the removal of waste from the body. If this waste was allowed
to remain in the body it could be poisonous. Humans produce a liquid
waste called urine. We also excrete waste when we breathe out. All living
things need to remove waste from their bodies.
6. -Growth
When living things feed they gain energy. Some of this energy is used
in growth. Living things become larger and more complicated as they
grow.
-Sensitivity
Living things react to changes around them. We react to touch, light,
heat, cold and sound, as do other living things.
-Reproduction
All living things produce young. Humans make babies, cats produce
kittens and pigeons lay eggs. Plants also reproduce. Many make
seeds which can germinate and grow into new plants.
7. •abiotic components (also known as abiotic factors) are
non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment
which affect ecosystems.
•These non living things are those who do not reproduce
and has no life.
•A non-living thing is one that lacks or has stopped
displaying the characteristics of life. Thus, they lack or no
longer displaying the capability for growth, reproduction,
respiration, metabolism, and movement. They also are not
capable of responding to stimuli or evolve and adapt to their
environment. They also do not require energy to continue
existing. Examples of non-living things are rock, water, and
sun.