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Table of Contents
Properties of Matter 1
Solids, Liquids, & Gas 2
Atomic Structure 3
Elements & Compounds 4
Mixtures 5
Periodic Table6
Acids & Bases7
Physical & Chemical Changes8
Valence Electrons9
Balancing Equations10

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What is matter?
the measure of how
heavy or light something
is for its size
anything that has both
mass and volume
the force of gravity on
an object’s mass
the amount of space an
object takes up
Matter is anything that has both mass and
volume.
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What units do we use to measure mass?
Fahrenheit or Celsius
centimeters or inches
pounds or Newtons
grams or ounces
The mass of an object is measured in grams or
ounces.
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Which property of matter changes depending on the gravitational
pull?
weight
mass
volume
density
The weight of an object depends on the gravity
that surrounds that particular object.
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Which of the following determines an object’s ability to float in water?
how much the object
weighs
how dense the object
is
what the mass of the
object is
the volume of an
object
Density determines an object’s ability to sink or
float in water.
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How would you measure the volume of an oddly-shaped object, like a
teacup?
by placing it in a room
without any gravity
by placing it on a scale
by placing the cup in
water and measuring how
high the water rises
by breaking the cup into
tiny pieces and placing
those pieces in a beaker
Volume can be measured in oddly-shaped objects by
putting the object in water and measuring how much the
water level increases.
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What is density?
the amount of space
that an object takes up
the amount of matter
contained in an object
anything that is a
solid, liquid, or gas
the measure of how
light or heavy
something is for its size
Density is the measure of how light or heavy
something is relative to its size.
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How are mass and volume alike?
They are only found in
solids.
They always stay the
same.
They are measured in
grams.
They cease to exist
when an object is
placed in water.
The mass and volume of an object never
change.

In which state of matter are molecules moving the slowest?
solid
gas
liquid
all of the above
Molecules move the slowest when they are in a
solid state.
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Which of the following causes a solid to change to a liquid?
the freezing point
cold
evaporation
heat
Heat causes the molecules in a solid to move
quicker and change into a liquid.
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What point has water reaching when it turns from a liquid to a solid?
its boiling point
its freezing point
its melting point
its heating point
In order for water to turn from a liquid to a solid, it
much hit its freezing point of 32° Fahrenheit.
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What occurs when a liquid turns to a gas?
condensation
the molecules move
slower
evaporation
the molecules hit
their freezing point
When a liquid changes to a gas, evaporation
occurs.
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In which state of matter are molecules moving the fastest?
solid
gas
liquid
molecules move
equally fast in all
states of matter
Compared to molecules in solids and liquid,
molecules in gas move the fastest.
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What effect does the speed of molecules have on matter?
It helps figure out the
matter’s density.
It determines the
mass of the matter.
It controls the
matter’s weight.
It determines what
state the matter is in.
The state of matter is determined by how fast
the molecules are moving.
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What happens when water reaches its boiling point?
It turns from a liquid
into a solid.
It turns from a liquid
into a gas.
It turns from a solid
into a liquid.
It turns from a gas
into a liquid.
When water reaches its boiling point, it turns
from a liquid to a gas.
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What is at the center of every atom?
an electron
a molecule
a compound
a nucleus
A nucleus is at the center of every atom.
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Which two particles makeup the nucleus of an atom?
protons & electrons
molecules &
compounds
protons & neutrons
neutrons & electrons
The nucleus of an atom is made up of protons
and neutrons.
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What is the role of an electron in an atom?
Electrons live inside
the nucleus and carry
a neutral charge.
Electrons circle the
nucleus and have a
negative charge.
Electrons circle the
nucleus and have a
positive charge.
Electrons live inside
the nucleus and have
a negative charge.
Electrons circle the nucleus and have a negative
charge.
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In an atom, what is the number of protons equal to?
the number of
electrons
the number of
molecules
the number of
neutrons
the number of
nuclei
In an atom, the number of protons is equal to
the number of electrons.
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Which of the following determines the type of element that an atom
makes?
the size of the nucleus
how much the atom
weighs
the number of
protons
the number of
neutrons
The number of protons determines the type of
element that an atom makes.
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What forms when two atoms combine?
a molecule
a proton
a nucleus
an electron
When two atoms combine, they form a
molecule.
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What is a compound?
the center of an atom that
is formed by neutrons,
protons, & electrons
a molecule that is formed
from two or more different
types of atoms
a tiny particle that
makes up matter
a molecule that is
formed from the
same type of atoms
A compound is a molecule that is formed from
two or more different types of atoms.
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Which of the following cannot be broken down into something
simpler?
a compound
a chemical formula
an element
a mixture
An element cannot be broken down into
something simpler.
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Which of these is most like a recipe?
a chemical formula
a periodic table
an element
an electron formula
When elements combine like ingredients to
make a compound, it is called a chemical
formula.
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What can your find on the Periodic Table?
the chemical formula
all the compounds
that exist in the
universe
the number of hydrogen
atoms that are in a
molecule of water
all the element that
have been discovered.
All the elements scientists have discovered are
listed on the Periodic Table.
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How many elements are there on the Periodic Table?
116
75
2,000
100
There are currently 116 elements.
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What does a subscript tell you?
the number of
electrons in a
compound
the number of atoms of
a particular element
that are in a compound
the number an
element is on the
periodic table
the number of
elements on the
periodic table.
A subscript tells you the number of atoms of a
particular element that are in a compound.
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What needs to occur in order for element to form a compound?
an elemental reaction
an electric reaction
an atomic reaction
a chemical reaction
A chemical reaction needs to occur in order for
elements to form a compound.
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If a compound has 2 atoms of aluminum (Al) and 3 atoms of oxygen
(O), what would its chemical formula look like?
AL3O2
2AL 3O
Al2O3
3A2O
The correct chemical formula for a compound with 2
atoms of aluminum, and 3 atoms of oxygen is AL2O3.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of mixtures?
Mixtures can only be
in solid and liquid
form
You can always see the
different parts of a
mixture.
Substances that are
mixed together retain
their properties.
You can only see the
difference parts of a
mixture when it is in
liquid form.
When substances in a mixture are combined, they
retain their properties.
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What type of combination is a mixture?
chemical
physical
electrical
thermal
A mixture is a physical combination.
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What is the difference between a heterogeneous mixture and a
homogenous mixture?
A heterogenous mixture
can only be a solid, and a
homogenous mixture can
only be a liquid.
You can see the parts in a
heterogenous mixture, but
your can’t see them in a
homogenous mixture.
You can’t see the parts in a
heterogenous mixture, but
you can in a homogenous
mixture.
A heterogenous mixture is a
physical combination, and a
homogenous mixture is a
chemical combination.
You can see the parts in a heterogenous
mixture, but you can’t see them in a
homogenous mixture.
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What is a solute?
a homogenous
mixture
a mixture whose parts
you can see
a mixture that can
only be in gas form
the substance that is
dissolved in a solvent
A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a
solvent.
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What is the role of a solvent?
It dissolves the solute
in a mixture.
It helps mix solids
together.
It gets dissolved in a
mixture.
It keeps the parts of a
mixture separated.
The solvent dissolves the solute in a mixture.
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What is a liquid whose parts are evenly blended?
a solute
a solvent
a solution
a heterogenous
mixture
A solution is a liquid mixture whose parts are
evenly blended.
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What type of mixture is a fruit salad?
a solution
a chemical mixture
a homogenous
mixture
a heterogenous
mixture
A fruit salad is a heterogenous mixture.
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SIMULATION1SIMULATION2

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When does a physical change occur?
when molecules
combine to form a
compound
when the size, shape,
or state of matter
changes
when a new element
is created
when elements
combine to form a
molecule.
A physical change occurs when the size, shape,
or state of matter changes.
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Which type of change can be reversed?
a physical change
a molecular change
a chemical change
an electric change
A physical change can be reversed.
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Which of the following would cause the molecules in matter to
change?
a moderate climate
motion
pressure
extreme heat
Extreme heat would cause the molecules in
matter to change.
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If a substance changes color, what has most likely happened?
A pressurized change
has taken place.
A physical change has
taken place.
A chemical change
has taken place.
Nothing has taken
place.
If a substance changes color, it is most likely
that a chemical change has taken place.
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Stepping on a bag of potato chips would cause which type of change?
mechanical
physical
thermal
chemical
Stepping on a bag of potato chips would cause
a physical change.
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Which of the following is a clue that a chemical change has taken
place?
A gas forms when the
change takes place.
The substance has
been shaken up.
The substance is smaller
than it was before the
change took place.
The substance looks the
same as it did before
the change took place.
If a gas forms when the change takes place, that
is a clue that they change is a chemical one.
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What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical
change?
A physical change can only
occur in liquids, and a
chemical change can occur
in a solid, liquid, or a gas.
A physical change is when the
molecules of matter change to form
a new substance, and a chemical
change is when the size, shape, or
state of matter changes.
A physical change is when the size,
shape, or state of matter changes,
and a chemical change is when the
molecules of matter change to form
a new substance.
A physical change can occur
in a solid, liquid, or a gas,
and a chemical change can
only occur in a liquid.
A physical change is when the size, shape or state of matter
changes, and a chemical change is when the molecules of matter
change to form a new substance.

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What is the Periodic Table?
a chart that lists all the
molecules that exist in
the universe.
a chart that shows all
the compounds found
in the world
a chart that shoes all
the elements scientists
have discovered
a chart that shows what
time periods elements
were discovered in
The Periodic Table is a chart that shows all the
elements scientists have discovered.
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What does an element’s atomic number represent?
the number of protons
in an element
how metallic an
element is
an element’s state at
room temperature
the number of atoms
in a compound
An atomic number represents the number of
protons in an element.
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What do the colors on the Periodic Table show?
which element it is
the types of
compounds the
element can make
the metallic
properties of the
element
whether the element is
a solid, a liquid, or a gas
at room temperature
The colors on the Periodic Table tell you whether
the element is a solid, a liquid, or a gas at room
temperature.
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a metal?
It is a liquid at room
temperature.
It doesn’t have an
atomic number.
It conducts heat and
electricity.
It cannot be melted
down.
All metals conduct heat and electricity.
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Why isn’t water on the Periodic Table?
because it is a liquid at
room temperature
because it is a
compound
because it doesn’t
have any protons
because it is not made
up of elements
Water is not on the Periodic Table because it is
a compound.
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How is the Periodic Table helpful to scientist?
It allows the to see
how any electrons are
in a compound.
It shows the all the
compounds that
elements can create.
It shoes what newly-
discovered elements
will be named.
It helps them find
information quickly.
The Periodic Table helps scientists find
information quickly.
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When scientists see the letters “Au,” they know it means “gold.” What
is Au?
the atomic number
the color
the element symbol
the element’s section
The element symbol is the letter or letters
scientists use to refer to a particular element.
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Which of the following is an example of an acid?
soap
lemon juice
saliva
egg whites
Lemon juice is an acid. Soap and egg whites are
bases.
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Which is the safest way to test a substance for acidity and alkalinity?
by tasting it
by putting some on
your hands
by pouring it into a
hard surface
by using litmus paper
The safest way to test a substance for acidity
and alkalinity is to use litmus paper.
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What type of ions do acids give off?
hydronium
helium
hydrogen
hydronium and
hydrogen
Acids give off hydronium and hydrogen ions.
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If a substance is neutral, what is its pH?
0
14
1
7
Neutral substances have a pH of 7.
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What would be a reasonable pH level of the dish soap in your
kitchen?
4
2
10
6
Dish soap is a base, which is any substance
with a pH above 7.
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How does an acid taste?
sour
bitter
sweet
bland
Acids taste sour.
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What are some characteristics of bases?
Bases taste bitter and
can only be tested by
tasting them.
Bases taste sour and
can sometimes be
slippery.
Bases are lightweight
and cannot be tested
with litmus paper.
Bases taste bitter and
can sometimes be
slippery.
Bases taste bitter and can sometimes be
slippery.
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The electrons in the
outermost orbital shell
of an atom.
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