2. ,
DEFINITION OF FAMILY
Is a group of persons united by the
ties of marriage, blood, or
adoption, constituting a single
household and interacting with
each other in their respective
social positions, usually those of
spouses, parents, children, and
siblings.
3. New Forms of the “Family”
Cohabiting couples (with or without
children)
Single parent family (because of teen
pregnancy, divorce or abandonment)
“Blended” family
Homosexual couples e.g. Netherlands
has legalised homosexual marriages
4. Family Structure
Nuclear family: Father, mother and kids
Extended family: The above plus
grandparents
“Family life cycle” – structure of an
individual family changes over time
5. FUNCTIONS OF THE FAMILY
Socialization of family members
Economic stability
Stable satisfaction of Sexual needs
Care of dependent members
Emotional support for members
6. ,
Satisfy social, intellectual, emotional and
psychological needs of members
Teaches children rules for behavior and
socially approved conduct
Religious functions:
8. Family Health
• Is a state of positive interaction
between family members which
enables each members of the family
to enjoy optimum physical, mental,
social and spiritual well being.” “
9. ,
• The health status of the family as a
unit including the impact of the
health of one member of the family
on the family as a unit and on
individual family members; also, the
impact of family organization or
disorganization on the health status
of its members.” Online medical
dictionary
10. ,
The health status of the family as a
unit including the impact of the health
of one member of the family on the
family as a unit and on individual
family members; also, the impact of
family organization or disorganization
on the health status of its members.”
Online medical dictionary
11. Determinants of family health
Living and working conditions
Physical environment
Psycho-social environment
Education and economic factors
health practices and Cultural factors
Gender etc.
12. Effects of Family on Health
1) Effects on Illness Behaviour:
Stoic? self-medicate? seek alternative
medicine? Effects on medical adherence
e.g. religion & health (faith healing,
Jehovah’s Witness)
2) Effects on patients with long term illness:
Quality of care provided by family
members (female relatives as care
providers for kids, husbands, in-laws and
elderly parents)
13. ,
3) Family and social networks promote
health:
Socially isolated have poorer mental health;
recover slower from sickness
14. The Dysfunctional Family
Troubled family that has a negative effect
on the physical or psychological well-being
of its individual family members”
15. Effects of Family on Health
Dysfunctional families and poor
parenting:
Child abuse – neglect, physical
abuse, verbal abuse, sexual abuse
Overindulgence
Domestic violence
Alcoholism and substance-abuse
in the family
16. Cont’d
Learning of health-related behaviour
e.g. quality of diet and health (including obesity),
smoking and passive smoking, alcohol
(religion & alcohol consumption), risk-taking
behaviour, values and behaviour (including
sexual behaviour
17. .
Family changes can affect health
“Stressful life events” such as marital
breakdown and divorce, death of spouse
etc. increase risk of sickness for other
family members
Effect of chronic disease or death
Role changes: if the wife gets sick or dies,
the husband has to adjust (or vice-versa)
Economic pressures: family member stops
work to care for the sick, patient is unable
to work, medical bills become high
18. Effect of Sickness on the Family
Stress from taking care of sick family
member
e.g. Alzheimer’s disease, serious
mental illness, relative who is bed-
ridden or incontinent
Stigmatizing diseases such as
HIV/AIDS
e.g. hostility from neighbours,
abandonment by own family
19. Child health Child bearing, rearing,
Child health services:
nutrition, immunization,
Growth monitoring
Mortality and mortality of children
Social problems of children:
Child abuse Abandoned or street children
Child labour
Juvenile delinquency
20. Gender issues in family
Girls trafficking
Gender mainstreaming,
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
female feticide (sex-selective abortion)
Aging: Problems of ageing, active
ageing Mental health:
situation of mental health, its causes and
prevention
21. Role of Peer group in health
Serve as a source of health information
Help to reduce mental stress and
anxiety
Help to be acquainted on physical and
emotional changes
Give support in acute as well as
chronic illness Give support to during
disability
22. .
Though Peer group may have very
positive roles on health but in many
circumstances there may be very
harmful consequences on health like -
substance abuse, involvement in
criminal activity and sexual abuse.
23. Parenting
Parenting Definition:
“Parenting or child rearing is the process of
promoting and supporting the physical,
emotional, social and intellectual
development of a child from infancy to
adulthood.” Parenting is usually done by
the biological parents of the
child although governments and society tak
e a role as well.
24. ,
In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children
receive parental care from non-parent blood
relations.
