Arab Israeli Conflict Essay

Arab Israeli Conflict Essays
The Arab–Israeli conflict is a struggle between the Jewish state of Israel and the Arabs of the
Middle East concerning the area known as Palestine. The term Palestine has been associated
variously and sometimes controversially with this small region. Both the geographic area
designated by and the political status of the name have changed over the course of some three
millennia. The region, or a part of it, is also known as the Holy Land and is held sacred among
Jews, Christians, and Muslims. In the twentieth century it has been the object of conflicting claims
of Jewish and Arab national movements, and the conflict has led to prolonged violence and in
several instances open warfare opposing Israel's existence. These wars, which occurred...show more
content...
Both movements aimed at uniting their peoples in a national homeland. They were to converge and
confront each other in Palestine where, it was initially thought by some, they could each achieve
their aspirations in an atmosphere of mutual accommodation. The two movements, in fact, proved
incompatible and the majority of Arab suffering resulted. Beginning in the 1800's, oppression of
Jews in Eastern Europe sparked a mass emigration of Jewish refugees. Some Jews formed a
movement called Zionism, which sought to make Palestine an independent Jewish nation. The first
Zionist Congress was held in Switzerland in 1897 and it issued the Basle programme on the
colonization of Palestine and the establishment of the World Zionist Organization (WZO). Then, in
1906, The Zionist congress decided the Jewish homeland should be Palestine. The only problem was
that there already was a large Arab–Palestinian population inhabiting the area. For this reason,
Zionism was used as a propagandist tool to rid Palestine of the Arabs and to start a new nation for
the Jews. A look at the fabric of Jewish Zionists that emigrated to Israel exhibited the driving forces
and it displayed how massively the movement developed. For Russian Jews, it was the desire to
escape totalitarian oppression. Religious Jews went there hoping for the day of messianic
redemption. Still others, viewing developments on the world scene, were
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Arab-israeli Conflict Essay examples
On November 29, 1947, the United Nations voted to divide the Middle Eastern land called
Palestine into two independent nations, one Arab and one Jewish. On May 14, 1948, a new nation
was born: Israel. The Jews of Israel and the world celebrated with joy and gladness, because for
over two thousand years, they had hoped to return to the land of their heritage. (Silverman, 1)
However with Jews from all around the world returning to Israel, the Arabs residing in this land
were forced into exile. The rebirth of Israel marked the beginning of conflict, violence, and peace
treaties between the Arabs and the Jews of the Middle East.
Tensions between Jews and Arabs have been present since biblical times in the Middle East. In 132
AD, when Israel...show more content...
They attacked Jewish farm settlements, villages and cities. The British troops occupying Palestine
did not intervene between the Arabs and the Jews. Instead the British supported the Arabs against the
Jews, and the Jews against the Arabs. (Silverman, 61–67) As more Jews arrived, the economy grew
and attracted Arabs to immigrate to Palestine. However, while the Jews were returning to their
homeland, Arab nationalism was growing. Palestine's Arabs rejected the Balfour Declaration, even
though they themselves had little interest in a state of their own at the time. Before long, the Arabs
opposed the establishment of any Jewish State in the Middle East. (Goldschmidt, 158)
After 1945 and the Holocaust, which left 6 million Jewish men, women and children dead, the
cause for a Jewish homeland, where Jews could be free of persecution gained momentum. In 1947,
the United Nations voted to divide the Middle East between Jews and Arabs. The Jews agreed to
this plan, while the Arabs rejected it. The Arabs would not recognize a Jewish State. Jordan and
Syria also wanted Palestine to belong to them, and the Arabs of Palestine didn't see themselves as
Palestinian, but instead as Arabs and wanted to be part of another Arab country. (Hiro, 65)
The basic cause for conflict between the new state of Israel and its Arab neighbors was that both the
Jews and the Arabs claimed that Israel/Palestine was their

The Arab-Israeli Conflict Essays
The current conflict in the Middle East between the Israeli Jews and the Palestinian Arabs has many
historical roots. Several events in the history of this conflict have been very important and also have
a strong connection with the current situation between the two sides.
One of these important events was the Nazi Holocaust. During the Second World War the Jews
were persecuted by the Nazis and sent to concentration camps. By the end of the war in 1945 6
million Jews were killed and 250,000 were freed from the concentration camps. As news about the
holocaust emerged there was widespread sympathy for the Jews especially in the U.S.A. which had
a large Jewish population. As a result of this,...show more content...
The Six Day War of 1967 was a dramatic military victory for the Israelis. In just six days the Israeli
army managed to take out most of the surrounding Arab state's air force and regained control of
the land that was lost in previous battles. The Israelis had taken Sinai, the Gaza Strip, the West
Bankand Jerusalem. The Golan Heights were also seized by the Israelis which is a very
advantageous military spot because it is an area of high ground on the border of Israel and Syria. The
Israelis came out of the war feeling proud and victorious that they managed to take on the three
Arab countries by themselves. They were seen as the stronger military side by the rest of the
world. The Arab states were left with little land or pride after the humiliation of the war. The PLO
(Palestine Liberation Organisation) began to grow in size because the Palestinians were
determined to fight for their homeland after this embarrassing defeat. Terrorism soon started to
spread to Europe and other parts of the world like in 1972 when 9 Palestinians seized and killed 11
Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games. This act of terrorism and others like it were the result of
divisions within the PLO which lead to the creation of extremist groups who decided that raids on

Arab Israeli Conflict
1.1 WHAT IS THE ARAB ISRAELI CONFLICT? The Arab
–Israeli conflict is a hotly contested
issue both in the Middle East and the broader global community.1 The modern conflict is
essentially a dispute over the area known up until 1948 as Palestine, which is considered holy to all
three major monotheistic religions.2 The primary parties in the conflict are Israeli (formerly
Zionist) Jews and Palestinian Arabs (who are predominately Muslim).3 It is one of the unresolved
problems bequeathed to the region by the British and French imperialist powers following the
division of the Ottoman Empire between them at the end of World War 1.4 There are many features
of the Middle East, specifically Palestine, that account for the interest and rivalry it...show more
content...
The agreement carved up the Arab provinces of the Ottoman Empire and divided control of the
region between the two superpowers. Britain's three agreements were incompatible, and laid the
foundations for future frustration and conflict.3 2.2 THE MANDATE PERIOD Following
triumph in World War 1, Britain was given a mandate to govern the Holy Land from the League
of Nations, from 29 September 1923.13 In August 1929 violence erupted in Palestine between
Muslims and Jews over access to the Western Wall in Jerusalem. Between 23 and 29 August, 133
Jews were killed and 339 others were injured by Arabs. 110 Arabs were killed and 232 were also
injured, many by British police trying to quash the riots.11 In May 1936, the Arab community
revolted again against British rule, demanding independence and opposing increasing Jewish
immigration.8 During the British mandate, the political landscape of Palestine was completely
transformed.1 3.1 World War II Britain's policies changed drastically throughout the early stages of
the Arab Israeli conflict. Britain began to reconsidered her

Essay about The Arab Isreali Conflict
The Arab Isreali Conflict The Arab–Israeli conflict came about from the notion of Political Zionism.
Zionism is the belief that Jews constitute a nation (or a people) and that they deserve the right to
return to what they consider to be their ancestral home, land of Israel (or Palestine). Political
Zionism, the belief that Jews should establish a state for themselves in Palestine, was a revolutionary
idea for the 19th Century. During World War I, Jews supported countries that constituted the Central
Powers because they detested the tyranny of czarist Russia. Both the Allies and Central Powers
needed Jewish support, but Germany could not espouse Zionism due to its ties with the Ottoman
Empire, which still controlled Palestine. British...show more content...
Winston Churchill issued a white paper denying that the British government meant to give
preferential treatment to Jews with a proviso for restricting Jewish immigration to conform to
Palestine's "absorptive capacity". Another action that seemed to violate the mandate was the creation
of the Emirate of Transjordan, removing two–thirds of Palestine that lay east of the Jordan River
from the area in which Jews could develop their national home, claiming the partition was only
temporary. During the first civilian governor of Palestine, it looked as if Jewish–Arab differences
would be resolved when more Jews emigrated out of Palestine than immigrated and with the
presence of a complementary relationship among the two peoples, but the hopes dissipated during
the 1929 "Wailing Wall Incident". The Wailing Wall (a.k.a. the Western Wall) is a remnant of the
second Jewish Temple, symbolizing the hope that one day the Temple will be rebuilt and the ancient
Jewish rituals revived; but the Wall also forms a part of the enclosure surrounding the Temple
Mount, which the Dome of the Rock and al–Aqsa mosque stand atop; Muslims feared that Jewish
actions before the Western Wall could lead to their pressing a claim to the historic site. In 1928,
Jewish worshipers brought some benches to sit on. The police took them away several times, but the
Jews kept putting them back. To Muslims, this activity was an attempt

Essay on The Arab-Israeli Conflict
There were many factors which contributed to the wars between the Arabs and Israelis in 1956,
1967 and 1973. One of which was President Nasser's personality.
In the 1950's a new president, Gamal Abdul Nasser, came to power in Egypt. President Nasser had a
very strong and determined character and was very eager to get revenge on the Israelis for the 1948
war, which Egypt lost. President Nasser wanted to get Palestine back into the Arab control and to do
this he had to unite the Arab world under his control. In order to get what he wanted Nasser needed
money and arms.
Czechoslovakia was giving aid in the form of money and weaponry to the Egyptians. The reason
they did this was because they...show more content...
President Nasser also persuaded King Hussein of Jordan to help the Fedayeen by allowing them to
go through Jordanian territory, to carry out their attacks.
The west were frightened of losing their influence in the Middle East and thus they, along with Israel
, decided to make a joint attack on Egypt.
This factor therefore led to great conflicts between the Arabs and Israelis.
b) Choose one factor which you think was the most important in causing the war. (9 marks)
From the list of factors given, I consider that the Russian foreign policy was the most important in
causing the wars in 1956, 1967 and 1973 between the Arab's and Israelis.
During the Arab–Israeli conflict, the world's two greatest 'super–powers', USA and the USSR were
in a cold war against each other. Since they were bitter enemies, it is evident that once the USSR
found out that the USA were helping Israel in the war, it decided to help the Arabs in rivalry.
The Suez–Sinai war in 1956 was when the USSR first helped the Arabs by providing them with
military arms and equipment. Since Czechoslovakia was under the influence of the USSR and it
was the main country to provide the Arab world with fighter planes, warships, bombers, tanks and
guns, it was seen as though the USSR were directly providing help for the Arabs. It can be seen that
without all the USSR's military

The Arab-Israeli Conflict Essay
The Arab–Israeli conflict has been ongoing for many years and so far a peaceful solution to the
violence has not been reached. The 'peace process' aims to find a just, fair and lasting peace solution
to the conflict in the Middle East.
The USA in particular has been very active in looking for a peace solution. This is becauseIsrael is
their ally. There are several million Jews in the USA and many send money to support Israel. Also
the Arabs used oil as a very successful weapon in the Yom Kippur War, and the West depends on
this oil. This was demonstrated with the price rises of 1973 that caused economic recession very
quickly. The USA still wished to support Israel, but it was also important...show more content...
However although Israel and Egypt could now exist side by side, the two leaders had to face
much internal opposition over Camp David, and there was not peace. There were still a great deal
of violence and terrorist attacks. Two years after the peace treaty was signed, Sadat was assassinated
by Arab extremists in Egypt.
Following the Gulf War against Saddam Hussein in 1990, a conference was held in Madrid where
US President Bush stated that any settlement in the Middle East would be based on the United
Nations Security Council Resolutions 242 and 338. This stated the demand of the withdrawal of
Israel from the occupied territories, acknowledgement of independent states in the Middle East, a
just settlement to the refugee problem and that all parties should start negotiations aimed at
establishing a just and lasting peace in the Middle East. The declaration was an agenda for
negotiations covering a five year interim period which would then aim to lead to a permanent
agreement and address such issues as Jerusalem, settlements and the 1948 refugees.
In 1993 the Oslo declaration was made after a series of negotiations. Yasser Arafat and Prime
Minister Rabin made mutual concessions. Israel recognised the PLO as "the representative of the
Palestinian people and would commence negotiations with the PLO within the Middle East peace
process". The PLO agreed to "renounce

Essay about The Arab-Israel Conflict
Israel and the Arab nations have been conflicting with each other for decades and the violence
seem to not stop. Why do these nations conflict with each other in this desert environment? This
question would be answer and explained in this paper. The analysis will also show how it was
seen from the world and how it influence other nations, including the super powers, during the
Cold War Era. There was a rise in Zionism in the area of Palestine and abroad from Jewish who
wanted a state. Zionism is, because on the one hand it concerns one of the oldest peoples with a
clear connection to a specific land, and on the other hand most of that people had been physically
separated from that land for many centuries. Zionism saw a creation of a...show more content...
During the creation of the State of Israel, many sympathize for the Jews after the ordeal of the
Holocaust during the Second World War. The United States and the Soviet Union were the big ones
that supported the State. Each side wanted to create a counter balance to that countries influence in
the region. The Truman administration supported a Jewish state, but only it was conceivable by
United Nations Special Committee on Palestine. (Geselbracht, Raymond. N.p.. Web. 1 Dec 2013.
<http://www.trumanlibrary.org/israel/palestin.htm>.)
The War for Independence started after the day that Israel became a state. Arab nations including
Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq and others invade. The Arab troops were better equipped and had
numbers on their side. The Israeli troops had small army and had a limited arsenal at their
disposal. Only when the cease fire was arranged could Israel organized more people to join and
received shipment of weapons from Czechoslovakia. The Israeli won because of unity, intelligence
and better training prevail over the Arab Armies. (Grant, R.G. Battles. 1st ed. Hudson St, New York:
D.K Publishing, 2005. 344–345. Print.) Israel now had 78% between the Jordan River and the
Mediterranean Sea. Which caused displaced hundreds of thousands of people to leave their home
after they evacuated the area. The refugees could not return after the War and at the same time did
could not be citizens in the areas they resided in.

Arab-Israeli Conflict Essay
During the time of the Mandatory Palestine, the Balfour Declaration signed in 1917, stated that the
government of Great Britain supported the establishment of a "Jewish national home" in Palestine.
This exacerbated tensions between the Arabs living in Mandate Palestine and the Jews who
emigrated there during the Ottoman period. Signed in January 1919, the Faisal–Weizmann
Agreement promoted Arab–Jewish cooperation on the development of a Jewish national homeland in
Palestine and an Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East, though this event had little to no
effect on the conflict.
In 1920, the San Remo conference largely endorsed the 1916 Anglo–French Sykes–Picot Agreement,
allocating to Britain the area of present day Jordan, the...show more content...
The British–appointed Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj Amin al–Husseini, led opposition to the idea
of turning part of Palestine into a Jewish state.
In search for help in expelling British forces from Palestine, thus removing the enforcer of the
Zionist enterprise, the Grand Mufti sought alliance with the Axis Powers. The response of the
British government was to banish the Mufti (where he spent much of World War II in Germany
and helped form a Muslim SS division in the Balkans), curb Jewish immigration, and reinforce its
police force. The Jewish leadership (Yishuv) "adopted a policy of restraint (havlaga) and static
defense in response to Arab attacks" and criticized the British for "what they regarded as Britain's
retreat from the Balfour Declaration and its conciliation of Arab violence." It was at this time that
critics of this policy broke away from the Hagana (the self–defense organization of the Yishuv) and
created the more right–wing militant Irgun, which would later be led by Menachem Begin in 1943.
For a list of Irgun attacks on Palestinian civilians and policemen during this

Arab-Israeli Conflict Essay
Arab–Israeli Conflict During the First World War (1914–1918), Britain met with problems
concerning promises made, yet not being kept. Britain, knowing that it needed all the help it could
get against the German allies, promised land to people who desperately wanted it. However, as it
was revealed Britain had no intention of honouring their word. The first promise to be made was to
the Arabs, in a desperate attempt to overpower one of the countries the British were fighting; the
Turks. The Arab leader, Sherif Hussein, agreed to help defeat the Turks, on the condition that at the
end of the war, the Arabs would get their freedom. The British accepted the terms, and in 1915 it was
written up in...show more content...
This was, like the McMahon letter to the Arabs, promising the Jews ownership of Palestine. This
was, made at a time when Britain was having many problems fighting the allies, and needed all
the help they could find. There are a few reasons why historians believe this letter was issued. It
was thought that the Jews in America and Russia had a lot of money and power, and so would
therefore encourage their governments to continue in the war. There was sympathy for the
Zionists, as the leaders like Balfour knew that the Jews had endured a lot of hardship, and suffered
many injustices, and so saw this promise as a chance to right some of the wrongs committed.
Britain used the Suez Canal, in Egypt. However, it was right next door to Palestine, and so it would
greatly benefit Britain if the people who governed the neighbouring Palestine, were friendly towards
Britain and their interests. The new leader of the Zionists, Chaim Weizmann, was a friend of a few
leading politicians such as Balfour and the present Prime minister, Lloyd George. It is quite probable
that the British Government had no idea of the changes that this Declaration would cause on the
short and long–term effects on the problems between the Arabs and the Jews. The consequences of
these unkept promises were quite terrible for Britain, making their situation in Europe much worse.
The Arabs

Arab Israeli Conflict Essay

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Arab Israeli Conflict Essay