Public debt management

1. Bilal Q. Mohammed

2. - Bilal Qasim Mohammed
- Iraq – Baghdad
- Certificats :
 B.Sc. in Economy.
 M.Sc. in Economy / monetary policy.
 Professional Diploma in Public Debt Management .
 Achievement certificate of direct and indirect Monetary Policy tools.
 Achievement certificate of Professional Project Management PMP.
- Jobs and working:
 Worked as assistant trainer of human development & Management of SMEs.
2009
 Worked as Photographer with NGOs 2009 – 2011.
 Worked in dean bureau / college of administration and economics / University
of Baghdad 2012-2016
 Worked with UNICEF under WASH project for IDPs in Iraq 2016-2017.
 Working in central bank of Iraq 2017 – until now.

3. • Macroeconomic Policies
• Fiscal Policy, concept, goals, Tools
• Using Fiscal Policy to Fight Recessions, Unemployme
nt, and Inflation
• National (Gov.) Budget, Balanced, Surplus, Deficit .
• Gov. Deficits and the National Debt.
In this day, we should cover the:
First day: Fiscal Policy & Gov. Budget

4. Balanced trading
High GDP
growth
High level of
employment
Macroeconomic
Goals
Price
Stability
Full
Employment
Equilibrium
of Payment
Balance
Economic
growth
Inflation at target

5. Macroeconomic Policies
Exchange rate Policy
Exchange rate regime
Determinates of Exchange rate
Fiscal Policy
Government
expenditure and
revenue
Monetary Policy
Change in Money
Supply
0203
01

6. Business Sector
External Sector
Wages , interest, profits and rent (T.I)
Production factors
House sector
ExportImport
Goods & Services (T.P)
Conception Expending (T.E)
Financial Sector InvestmentSaving
expenditure
Revenue
transfers
Government
Revenue
Inflows Cycle

7. CONCEPT & GOALS
Fiscal policy refers to the use of
government spending and tax policies to
influence macroeconomic conditions,
including aggregate demand, employme
nt, inflation and economic growth.
Fiscal Policy

8. EXPANSIONARY
POLICY
CONTRACTIONARY
POLICY
Policies Types

11. THE RISKS OF EXPANSIONARY
ON MONETARY POLICY

12. A government budget is an annual financial statement presentin
g the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financi
al year that is often passed by the legislature, approved by the ch
ief executive or president and presented by the Finance Minist
er to the nation. The budget is also known as the Annual Financi
al Statement of the country. This document estimates the anticip
ated government revenues and government expenditures for the
ensuing (current) financial year.
The most important elements when adopting the general budget
is Appreciation And approval.
Public BUDGET

13. Types of Public BUDGET
02
03
04
05
01
Zero Budget
Performance Budget
Program Budget
State Budget
Plan Budget

14. Revenue Expenditure
- Non-Tax revenue - Consumption expenditure
- Tax revenue - Investment expenditure
- One side transfer - One side Transfer
------ -------
SIMPLY FIGURE OF Public BUDGET
- Balanced Revenue = Expenditure
- Surplus Revenue > Expenditure
- Deficit Revenue < Expenditure

15. budget
formulation
Budget
enactment
Budget
execution
Budget
evaluation

16. Important Rules

18. • Review
• Public debt, concept, goals, Tools
• Public debt Types
• The Effect of public debt
• The sustainability Indicators of public
debt
• The public debt management
• Guidelines of Public debt Management
In this day, we should cover the:
Second day: Public Debt

21. Public
Budget
Deficit
Revenue < Spending
Balance
Revenue = Spending
Surplus
Revenue > Spending

22. TheWaystodecrease
PublicBudgetdeficit
Increase
economic growth
Increase the
Taxes
Decrease the
spending
Public Debt
Internal Debt
External Debt

23. Its an Amount borrowing by Government
or anybody of public law from individuals
or financial Organizations ( domestic or
foreign ), or another country.
This operations done under agreement
issues by Gov. and adopted by legislature to
insure the payment of lending amount and it
s interest rate.
Concept

24. 1
• Finance the Deficit of Public Budget
2
• Fix the Deficit of Payment Balance
3
• Pay the Premiums of past Debts
4
• (Economic, political, natural) emergency
situations
5
• Finance big investment projects
Reason of Public Debt

25. Public Debt
External
Direct
Countries
Special
lending Org.
International
Financial Org.
International
Securities
Internal
Direct
Securities
Public Debt Types

26. 1st economic effects
1. The Effects on Payment Balance
Effects of Public Debt

27. 2. The Effects on Public Budget
Revenue
Expenditure

28. 3. The Effects on CBI Budget
DC FER B
DC FER B
Internal
External

29. DEBT
Investment
GDP
4. The Effects on GDP

30. 2nd
Society's Effects
3rd
political Effects

31. Public Debt Indicators
Analyses
Measure

32. 1
• Public Debt to GDP
2
• The growth of Public Debt to Growth of
GDP
3
• Public Debt to Gov. Budget Deficit
4
• Public Debt to Export
5
• Foreign reserve to short run external debt

34. Public debt management is the
process of establishing and
executing a strategy for managing
the government’s debt in order to
raise the required amount of funding
at the lowest possible cost over the
medium to long run, consistent with
a prudent degree of risk
Concept

35. Active Management of Debt Portfolio
Supervision & follow-up
Statistics & analyses
Documentations & operations
Politics & Organizing
Public Debt Management missions

36. Central Bank
of Iraq
Ministry
of
Finance
Ministry
of
Planning
Public Debt Management in Iraq

37. Guidelines of Public debt Management
It’s a guide issues by IMF and WB in 2001,
explain the missions and conditions of Public
Debt Management in the countries, in
addition to refer to the risk, debt Portfolio
management, and the way to spend this debt
and its purpose.
Search on it in the Google under: Public
debt Management Guidelines (Ar. Or En.)

38. Public
Debt
IMF
WB
L.C
P.C
IDB
AMF
The ORGs. which have relations with the debt
IMF = International Monetary Fund
WB = World Bank
AMF = Arabic Monetary Fund
IDB = Islamic Development Bank
P.C = Paris Club
L.C = London Club

39. 1. POT
2. Back Buy
3. Swap Debt
4. Rescheduling
Choices of decreasing or fixing the Public Debt

40. It’s a Law issued by Government in 2004,
determine the powers of people of law who
have relation with the financial management
, and Purposes of Taxes, Debts and general
budget, in addition of Missions and conditions
of Public Debt Management in the county.
Search on it in the Google under : Financia
l management law Number 95 in 2004 (Ar.)
Financial management law Number 95 in 2004

41. Public debt Directorate
External Debt Department
Internal Credit Department
OMO
The Relationship between MOF and CBI

42. 70$ b.
70$ Billion = 41$ billion from
it holding + 29$ billion for
countries inside and outside
Paris Club in Addition to Debts
of international Financial Org.,
and Iraq committed in Premiu
ms payment.
2$ b.2$ billion the Short run Debt
The External debt in Iraq

43. •38%Debt /
GDP
• 3200%
Reserve /
short run
Debt
Sustainability indicators of Public Debt in Iraq

44. M.Sc. Bilal Qasim Mohammed
Email : omo.fin@cbi.iq
bilal.q099@gmail.com