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∑”‰¡µâÕ߇√’¬π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»                                                  Ò
‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ–‰√„π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»                                                 Ò
 “√–·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ                                                    Ú
§ÿ≥¿“溟â‡√’¬π                                                               Û
µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß                                           ˘
             “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√                                    ˘
             “√–∑’Ë Ú ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡                                       ıˆ
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Õ¿‘∏“π»—æ∑å                                                                 ˜ı
§≥–ºŸâ®—¥∑”                                                                 ˜˜
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∫Õ°§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’ˬ«°—∫ ‘Ëßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«À√◊Õ°‘®°√√¡µà“ß Ê µ“¡·∫∫∑’Ëøíß



                               µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   3
✧ 查„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–‡√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—« ®—¥À¡«¥À¡Ÿà§”µ“¡ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈  —µ«å
·≈– ‘ËߢÕßµ“¡∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π
         ✧ 查·≈–∑”∑à“ª√–°Õ∫µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡/«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ∫Õ°™◊ËÕ·≈–
§”»—æ∑åßà“¬ Ê ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡
°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡∑’ˇÀ¡“–°—∫«—¬
          ✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡·µ°µà “ ߢÕ߇ ’ ¬ ßµ— « Õ— ° …√ §” °≈ÿà ¡ §” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ßà “ ¬ Ê ¢Õß¿“…“
µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬
         ✧ ∫Õ°§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ
         ✧ øíß/查„π ∂“π°“√≥åßà“¬ Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π
         ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ√«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„°≈âµ—«
         ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß
§√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—« Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ·≈–‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑å
ª√–¡“≥ Û-Ùı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)
        ✧ „™â ª √–‚¬§§”‡¥’ ¬ « (One Word Sentence) ª√–‚¬§‡¥’Ë ¬ « (Simple Sentence)
„π°“√ π∑π“‚µâµÕ∫µ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π


          ®∫™—Èπª√–∂¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë ˆ
          ✧ ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§” —ß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–§”·π–π”∑’øß·≈–Õà“π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π
                  —‘      Ë                    Ë í
·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß
 —≠≈—°…≥åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑’ËÕà“π ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“
π‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√◊ËÕ߇≈à“
         ✧ 查/‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ „™â§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ ·≈–
„À⧔·π–π” 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ
„π ∂“π°“√≥åßà“¬ Ê æŸ¥·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊ËÕπ §√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—«
查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—« °‘®°√√¡µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ —Èπ Ê ª√–°Õ∫
     4     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
✧ 查/‡¢’¬π„Àâ¢Õ¡Ÿ≈‡°’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊Õπ ·≈– ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈⵫ ‡¢’¬π¿“æ ·ºπº—ß ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘
                        â       Ë              Ë     Ë              —
·≈–µ“√“ß· ¥ß¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«
        ✧ „™â∂âÕ¬§” πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“ßÕ¬à“ß ÿ¿“æ ‡À¡“– ¡ µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈–
«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß/™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õß
‡®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„®
         ✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡À¡◊Õπ/§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§™π‘¥µà“ß Ê °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬
«√√§µÕπ ·≈–°“√≈”¥—∫§”µ“¡‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫
§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ/§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“߇∑»°“≈ ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬
         ✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–
𔇠πե⫬°“√查/°“√‡¢’¬π
         ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“
         ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ·≈–√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê
          ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√
°“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ·≈–≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡
·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
         ✧ „™âª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ«·≈–ª√–‚¬§º ¡ (Compound Sentence)  ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑µà“ß Ê

         ®∫™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë Û
         ✧ ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡
¢à“« ‚¶…≥“ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß —π Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π √–∫ÿ/‡¢’¬π ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫
                                 È                                    Ë Ë
µà“ß Ê  —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿÀ—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥
 π—∫ πÿπ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈
·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫


                               µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   5
✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«  ∂“π°“√≥å ¢à“«
‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ „™â§”¢Õ√âÕß §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬
„À⧔·π–π”Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫
·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ æŸ¥·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–
· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–
§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê °‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√âÕ¡∑—ß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈
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ª√–°Õ∫Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
            ✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ß Ê
∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π √ÿª„®§«“¡ ”§—≠/·°àπ “√– À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå
‡√◊ËÕß/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡
ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√âÕ¡„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ª√–°Õ∫
            ✧ ‡≈◊Õ°„™â¿“…“ πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“߇À¡“–°—∫∫ÿ§§≈·≈–‚Õ°“  µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡
·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏‘∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’
¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡/®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„®
         ✧ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§
™π‘¥µà“ß Ê ·≈–°“√≈”¥—∫§”µ“¡‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫·≈–
Õ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß™’«µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬
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·≈–𔉪„™âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
         ✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈/¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ
®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈–𔇠πե⫬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π
         ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“
™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡
         ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ/§âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√Ÿâ/¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ®“° ◊ËÕ
·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√
¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈–∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
     6     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√
°“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ« °“√∫√‘°“√  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–
«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Ú,Ò-Ú,Úı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìππ“¡∏√√¡¡“°¢÷π)
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          ✧ „™âª√–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´—∫´âÕπ (Complex Sentence)  ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑
µà“ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√


         ®∫™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë ˆ
         ✧ ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§”·π–π”„π§Ÿ¡Õ°“√„™âß“πµà“ß Ê §”™’·®ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ·≈–§”∫√√¬“¬∑’øß·≈–Õà“π
                  —‘             à◊                 È                         Ë í
Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ‚¶…≥“ ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑≈–§√ —Èπ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π
Õ∏‘∫“¬·≈–‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕà“π √«¡∑—Èß√–∫ÿ
·≈–‡¢’¬π ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê  —¡æ—π∏å°∫ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’øßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠
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«‘‡§√“–À姫“¡  √ÿª§«“¡ µ’§«“¡ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π‡√◊Õß∑’‡ªìπ “√§¥’·≈–∫—π‡∑‘ߧ¥’
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æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫
           ✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê „°≈⵫ ª√– ∫°“√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å
                                         Ë             Ë             —
¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ‡≈◊Õ°·≈–„™â
§”¢Õ√âÕß §”™’·®ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ·≈–„À⧔·π–π” 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ
             È
µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈ÕßÀ√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
查·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫
‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπ/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–
· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê °‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥åÕ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈
                            Ë       Ë
          ✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß/ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ‡√◊ËÕß·≈–
ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ß Ê µ“¡§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π √ÿª„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ·°àπ “√–∑’‰¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡√◊Õß °‘®°√√¡
                                                               Ë                    Ë
¢à“« ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ·≈– ∂“π°“√≥嵓¡§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡
ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ∑—Èß„π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ  —ß§¡ ·≈–‚≈° æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫
                               µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   7
✧ ‡≈◊ Õ °„™â ¿ “…“ πÈ” ‡ ’ ¬ ß ·≈–°‘ √‘ ¬ “∑à “ ∑“߇À¡“–°— ∫ √–¥— ∫ ¢Õß∫ÿ § §≈ ‡«≈“ ‚Õ°“ 
·≈– ∂“π∑’˵“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏‘∫“¬/Õ¿‘ª√“¬«‘∂’™’«‘µ §«“¡§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ
·≈–∑’Ë¡“¢Õߢπ∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡ ·π–π” ·≈–®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“
·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡
           ✧ Õ∏‘∫“¬/‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡  ”π«π §”æ—߇æ¬
 ÿ ¿ “…‘ µ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ¢Õß¿“…“µà “ ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ «‘ ‡ §√“–Àå / Õ¿‘ ª √“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊ Õ π·≈–
§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß«‘∂’™’«‘µ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬ ·≈–𔉪„™â
Õ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈
          ✧ §âπ§«â“/ ◊∫§âπ ∫—π∑÷°  √ÿª ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–
°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê ·≈–𔇠πե⫬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π
           ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“
™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡
         ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ/§âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ «‘‡§√“–Àå ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√Ÿâ/¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê
®“° ◊ËÕ·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈
¢à“« “√¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈–∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ/ª√–‡∑»™“µ‘‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
         ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫
µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–
π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ«
°“√∫√‘°“√  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Û,ˆ-Û,˜ı §”
(§”»—æ∑å∑’Ë¡’√–¥—∫°“√„™â·µ°µà“ß°—π)
           ✧ „™â ª √–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´— ∫ ´â Õ π ◊Ë Õ §«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘ ∫ ∑µà “ ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“
∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√




     8     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
 “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√
¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ò ‡¢â“„®·≈–µ’§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ
                 Õ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈
      ™—π
        È                          µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      ª.Ò        Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëßßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß                 ë   §” —ß∑’„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ‡™àπ Stand up./
                                                                          Ë Ë
                                                                      Sit down./Listen./Repeat./Quiet!/
                                                                      Stop! etc.
                 Ú. √–∫ÿµ«Õ—°…√·≈–‡ ’¬ß Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß
                         —                                        ë   µ—«Õ—°…√ (letter names) ‡ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√
                    ·≈– –°¥§”ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°                    ·≈– √– (letter sounds) ·≈–
                     °“√Õà“π                                          °“√ –°¥§” À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß
                                                                      ‡™àπ
                                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

                                                                          欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                                      -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“ (stress)
                                                                          „𧔷≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                                        (intonation) „πª√–‚¬§
                 Û. ‡≈◊Õ°¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬                        ë   §” °≈ÿࡧ” ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫
                     ¢Õߧ”·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”∑’Ëøíß                            µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡
                                                                                                Ë
                                                                      „°≈⵫ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√
                                                                           —           Ë Ë
                                                                      ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Òı-Ú §”
                                                                      (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)



                                 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   9
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
               Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øí߇√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—«                   ë   ∫∑Õà“π‡°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õß„°≈⵫À√◊Õπ‘∑“π
                                                                                   Ë       Ë        —
                                                                       ∑’Ë¡’¿“æª√–°Õ∫
                                                                   ë   ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫
                                                                       - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ
                                                                           Is it a/an..? Yes, it is./
                                                                           No, it is not. etc.
                                                                       - Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                                           What is it? It is a/an... etc.
 ª.Ú           Ò. ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§” —ß ·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕßßà“¬ Ê
                        —‘    Ë                                    ë   §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π
                  ∑’øß
                    Ë í                                                - §” —ß ‡™àπ Show me a/an.../Open
                                                                                Ë
                                                                           your book. Donût talk in class. etc.
                                                                       - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please come here./
                                                                           Come here, please. Donût make
                                                                           a loud noise, please./Please donût
                                                                           make a loud noise. etc.
               Ú. √–∫ÿµ«Õ—°…√·≈–‡ ’¬ß Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§”
                       —                                           ë   µ—«Õ—°…√ ‡ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√·≈– √–
                   –°¥§” ·≈–Õà“πª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê                           °“√ –°¥§” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ À≈—°°“√
                  ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π                                Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâπ§”
                                                                           ·≈–欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                                           ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                                           „πª√–‚¬§

10     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                    µ—«™’«¥
                            È—                                   “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Û. ‡≈◊Õ°¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”                  ë    §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ« (simple
          °≈ÿࡧ” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑’Ëøíß                          sentence) ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫
                                                           µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡
                                                                                     Ë
                                                           „°≈⵫ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√
                                                                —           Ë Ë
                                                           ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Úı-
                                                           Û §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)
      Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíߪ√–‚¬§                      ë    ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“π∑’Ë¡’
          ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ë¡’                    ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫
          ¿“æª√–°Õ∫                                        - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ
                                                             Is this/that a/an..?
                                                               Yes, it is./No, it isnût. etc.
                                                           -   Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                               What is this/that/it?
                                                               This/that/It is a/anÇ
                                                               How manyÇ?
                                                               There is/areÇ
                                                             Where is theÇ?
                                                             It is in/on/underÇ etc.
ª.Û   Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ëøíß            ë    §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π
          À√◊ÕÕà“π                                         -   §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Give me a/an.../Draw
                                                               and color the picture./Put a/an
                                                               Çin/on/under a/anÇ/Donût eat
                                                               in class. etc.

                     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   11
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                                       -   §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./
                                                                           Take a queue, please./Donût make
                                                                           a loud noise, please./Please donût
                                                                           make a loud noise./Can you
                                                                          help me, please? etc.
                Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§”  –°¥§” Õà“π°≈ÿ¡§”
                                                à                  ë   §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ« ·≈–∫∑查
                   ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«–                           ‡¢â“®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§”
                     (chant) ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π          ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
                                                                   ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

                                                                           欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                                           ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                                         „πª√–‚¬§
                Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿ¿“æÀ√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å                      ë   °≈ÿ¡§” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’¬«  —≠≈—°…≥å ·≈–
                                                                          à            Ë
                     µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß°≈ÿࡧ”                          §«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—«
                     ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑’Ëøíß                                   ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—« Õ“À“√
                                                                       ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å
                                                                           Ë Ë
                                                                        – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ûı-Ùı §”
                                                                       (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡)




12     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                    µ—«™’«¥
                            È—                                 “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π                   ë   ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“π∑’Ë¡’
          ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê                 ¿“æª√–°Õ∫
                                                     ë   ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫
                                                         - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ

                                                             Is/Are/CanÇ?
                                                             Yes,Çis/are/can./
                                                             No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.
                                                             etc.
                                                         -   Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                             What is this/that/it?
                                                             This/that/It is a/anÇ
                                                             How manyÇ?
                                                             There is/areÇ
                                                             Where is/areÇ?

                                                                         }
                                                             It is
                                                                         in/on/underÇ
                                                             They are
                                                           etc.
ª.Ù   Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–               ë   §” —ß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ·≈–
                                                             Ë             Ë
         §”·π–π” (instructions) ßà“¬ Ê                   §”·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ
          ∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π                                 À√◊Õ°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡




                    µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   13
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                                       -   §” —ß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/over
                                                                               Ë
                                                                           there./Say it again./Read and
                                                                           draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/anÇ/
                                                                           Donût go over there. etc.
                                                                       -   §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./
                                                                           Take a queue, please./Can you
                                                                           help me, please? etc.
                                                                       -   §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read
                                                                           everyday./Think before you speak./
                                                                       - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./
                                                                         My turn./ Your turn./ Roll the dice./
                                                                         Count the number./Finish.
                                                                       - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,...
                                                                         Second,Ç Then,Ç Finally,... etc.
                Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§”  –°¥§”                           ë   §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ∫∑查
                     Õà“π°≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ßà“¬ Ê                  ‡¢â“®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§”
                     ·≈–∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«–∂Ÿ°µâÕß                     ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
                     µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π                                ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–
                                                                           欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                                           ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                                           „πª√–‚¬§
14     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                  µ—«™’«¥
                          È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿ¿“æÀ√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ            ë   °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ«  —≠≈—°…≥å
         ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬                      ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫
         ¢Õߪ√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —Èπ Ê ∑’Ëøíß               µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡
                                                                                      Ë
         À√◊ÕÕà“π                                       Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√
                                                                    Ë Ë
                                                         ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈–
                                                                                    È
                                                        ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡
                                                        ª√–¡“≥ ıı-˜ §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìπ  ’Ë
                                                        √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
      Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíß·≈–                       ë   ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π∑’¡¿“æª√–°Õ∫
                                                                                 Ë’
         Õà“πª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈–π‘∑“π                    §”∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß
                                                                  Ë                         Ë
         ßà“¬ Ê                                         ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ
                                                        - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ
                                                           Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./
                                                           No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.
                                                           Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?
                                                           Yes/NoÇ etc.
                                                        - Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                           Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/
                                                           They areÇ
                                                           WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?
                                                           It isÇ/They areÇ
                                                           What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.
                                                        - Or-Question ‡™àπ
                                                           Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?
                                                           It is a/anÇ etc.
                   µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   15
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
ª.ı            Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–                    ë   §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π
                  §”·π–π”ßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π                          ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈–§”·π–π”„π°“√
                                                                       ‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ À√◊Õ°“√
                                                                       ∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡
                                                                       - §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/
                                                                         over there./Say it again./Read
                                                                           and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/
                                                                           under a/anÇ/Donût go over
                                                                           there. etc.
                                                                       -   §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./
                                                                           Take a queue, please./Can/
                                                                           Could you help me, please? etc.
                                                                       - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read
                                                                         everyday./ Think before you speak./
                                                                       - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./
                                                                         My turn./Your turn./Roll the
                                                                         dice./Count the number./Finish./
                                                                       - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,Ç
                                                                           Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç
                                                                           Finally,Ç etc.




16     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                  µ—«™’«¥
                          È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡                 ë   ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ
         ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡                 ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
         À≈—°°“√Õà“π                                ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                        -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–
                                                            欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                        -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                            ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                        -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                            „πª√–‚¬§
                                                        -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß (linking
                                                            sound) „π¢âÕ§«“¡
                                                        -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«–
      Û. √–∫ÿ/«“¥¿“æ  —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ                 ë   °≈ÿ¡§” ª√–‚¬§º ¡ ¢âÕ§«“¡  —≠≈—°…≥å
                                                           à
         ‡§√◊ÕßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß
             Ë                                          ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫
         ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —π Ê ∑’øßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π
                           È Ëí                         µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡
                                                                                  Ë
                                                        Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√
                                                                  Ë Ë
                                                         ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈–
                                                                                  È
                                                        ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡
                                                        ª√–¡“≥ ˜ı-˘ı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìπ
                                                                                   ’Ë
                                                        √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)




                   µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   17
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡                       ë   ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π À√◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ Ê
                   ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈–                         §”∂“¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß
                   π‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê À√◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ Ê                        ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√
                                                                       - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ
                                                                          Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./
                                                                          No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.
                                                                          Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?
                                                                          Yes/NoÇ etc.
                                                                       - Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                                          Who is/areÇ?
                                                                          He/She isÇ/They areÇ
                                                                          WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?
                                                                          It is Ç/They areÇ
                                                                          What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.
                                                                       - Or-Question ‡™àπ
                                                                          Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?
                                                                          It is a/anÇ etc.
 ª.ˆ            Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–                   ë   §” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈–
                   §”·π–π”∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π                                §”·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ
                                                                       °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ·≈–
                                                                       °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å
                                                                       - §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/
                                                                          over there./Say it again./Read
                                                                          and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/
                                                                          under a/anÇ/Donût go over
                                                                          there. etc.

18     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                µ—«™’«¥
                        È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                      -  §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please look up the
                                                         meaning in a dictionary./Look up
                                                         the meaning in a dictionary,
                                                         please./Can/Could you help me,
                                                         please? etc.
                                                      - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read
                                                         everyday./Think before you speak./
                                                      - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./
                                                         My turn./ Your turn./Roll the dice./
                                                         Count the number./Finish./
                                                      - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,Ç
                                                         Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç
                                                         Finally,Ç etc.
      Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π                ë   ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ
         ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡               ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
         À≈—°°“√Õà“π                              ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–
                                                         欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                         ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                         „πª√–‚¬§
                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß (linking
                                                         sound) „π¢âÕ§«“¡
                                                      - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«–


                 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   19
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§ À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ —π Ê
                                                 È                 ë   ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡  —≠≈—°…≥å
                   µ√ßµ“¡¿“æ  —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ                            ‡§√◊ÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’¬«°—∫
                                                                           Ë                        Ë
                   ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑’ËÕà“π                                  µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡
                                                                                                 Ë
                                                                       Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√
                                                                                 Ë Ë
                                                                        ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈–
                                                                                                 È
                                                                       ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡
                                                                       ª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §”
                                                                       (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
                Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡                       ë   ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π À√◊Õ‡√◊Õ߇≈à“
                                                                                                   Ë
                     ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π                     §”∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß
                                                                                Ë                        Ë
                     ßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√◊ËÕ߇≈à“                              ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’‰Àπ ‡¡◊Õ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√
                                                                                         Ë      Ë
                                                                       ∑”‰¡
                                                                       -   Yes/No Question ‡™àπ
                                                                           Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./
                                                                           No,Çisnût/arenût/canût.
                                                                           Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...?
                                                                           Yes/NoÇ etc.
                                                                       -   Wh-Question ‡™àπ
                                                                           Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/
                                                                           They areÇ
                                                                           WhatÇ?/WhereÇ?
                                                                           It is Ç/They areÇ
                                                                           What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc.

20     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                 µ—«™’«¥
                         È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                        - Or-Question ‡™àπ
                                                          Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ?
                                                          It is a/anÇ
                                                          Is/Are/Was/Were/DidÇorÇ? etc.
¡.Ò   Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß                  ë   §” —ß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™’·®ß
                                                            Ë                          È
         §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™’È·®ßßà“¬ Ê                      „π°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å
                                                                           Ë Ë
         ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π                                  °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“ °“√∫Õ°∑‘»∑“ß
                                                        ªÑ“¬ª√–°“»µà“ß Ê À√◊Õ°“√„™âÕª°√≥å
                                                                                     ÿ
                                                        - §” —ß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/over
                                                              Ë
                                                            there./Say it again./Read and
                                                            draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/
                                                            anÇ/Go to the window and open
                                                            it./Take out the book, open on
                                                            page 17 and read it./Donût go
                                                            over there./Donût be late. etc.
                                                        -   §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please look up the
                                                            meaning in a dictionary./Look up
                                                            the meaning in a dictionary,
                                                            please./Can/Could you help me,
                                                            please?/Excuse me, could you Ç?
                                                            etc.




                  µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   21
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                                       -   §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read
                                                                           everyday./Think before you speak./
                                                                       - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./
                                                                         My turn./Your turn./Roll the dice./
                                                                         Count the number./Finish. etc.
                                                                       -   §” —π∏“π (conjunction) ‡™àπ and/
                                                                           but/or
                                                                       -   µ—«‡™◊ËÕ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ
                                                                          First,Ç Second,ÇThird,Ç Next,Ç
                                                                          Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc.
               Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–                    ë   ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß
                  ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß (poem)  —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕß                 ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
                     µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π                                ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–

                                                                           欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                                           ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                                           „πª√–‚¬§
                                                                       -   °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π
                                                                       -   °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®—ßÀ«–




22     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                    µ—«™’«¥
                            È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡                   ë   ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬
         „Àâ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß             ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π
          (non-text information) ∑’ËÕà“π                   ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß
                                                            Ë                  Ë Ë
                                                          ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√
                                                          °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–
                                                               È
                                                          Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’¬« °“√∫√‘°“√
                                                                                 Ë
                                                           ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–
                                                          ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥
                                                          Ò,Ù-Ò,ıı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ
                                                          √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
                                                      ë   °“√µ’§«“¡/∂à“¬‚Õπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„Àâ ¡æ—π∏å°∫
                                                                                         —    —
                                                           ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡™àπ  —≠≈—°…≥å
                                                          ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ µ“√“ß
                                                          ¿“æ —µ«å  ‘ËߢÕß ∫ÿ§§≈  ∂“π∑’˵à“ß Ê
                                                          ‚¥¬„™â Comparison of adjectives/
                                                          adverbs/Contrast : but, although/
                                                          Quantity words ‡™àπ many/much/
                                                          a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/
                                                          few/a little/little etc.




                     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   23
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
               Ù. √–∫ÿÀ«¢âÕ‡√◊Õß (topic) „®§«“¡ ”§—≠
                       — Ë                                         ë   ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß
                     (main idea) ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°                        ®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå
                     °“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π                        «“√ “√ «‘∑¬ÿ ‚∑√∑—»πå ‡«Á∫‰´µå
                     ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ                                 ë   °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‡™àπ À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß
                                                                       „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ
                                                                       §”∂“¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß
                                                                       ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√
                                                                       ∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√◊Õ‰¡à
                                                                       - Yes/No Question

                                                                       -   Wh-Question
                                                                       -   Or-Question
                                                                           etc.
                                                                       -   Tenses : present simple/present
                                                                           continuous/past simple/future
                                                                           simple etc.
                                                                       - Simple sentence/Compound
                                                                         sentence
 ¡.Ú           Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π”                       ë   §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™’È·®ß ·≈–
                  §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬ßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß                    §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡™àπ °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–
                     ·≈–Õà“π                                           ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“
                                                                       °“√∫Õ°∑‘»∑“ß °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å




24     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                 µ—«™’«¥
                         È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
                                                       -   Passive Voice ∑’Ë„™â„π‚§√ß √â“ß
                                                           ª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê ‡™àπ is/are + Past
                                                           Participle
                                                       -   §” —π∏“π (conjunction) ‡™àπ and/
                                                           but/or/before/after etc.
                                                       -   µ—«‡™◊ËÕ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ
                                                           First,Ç Second,Ç Third,Ç
                                                           Fourth,Ç Finally,Ç etc.
      Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“»           ë   ¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß
         ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕß               ë   °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡
         µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π                            ë   À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ
                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈–
                                                           欗≠™π–∑⓬§”
                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„π§”
                                                         ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”
                                                       - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË”
                                                         „πª√–‚¬§
                                                       -   °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß„π¢âÕ§«“¡
                                                       -   °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π
                                                       -   °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®—ßÀ«–




                  µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   25
™—π
   È                               µ—«™’«¥
                                        È—                                      “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
               Û. √–∫ÿ/‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡                       ë   ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬
                  „Àâ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß                 ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π
                  √Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕà“π                                  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß
                                                                         Ë                  Ë Ë
                                                                       ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√
                                                                       °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–
                                                                            È
                                                                       Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’¬« °“√∫√‘°“√
                                                                                              Ë
                                                                        ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–
                                                                       ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥
                                                                       Ò,˜ı-Ò,˘ §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡’Ë ªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡
                                                                       ·≈–π“¡∏√√¡)
                                                                   ë   °“√µ’§«“¡/∂à“¬‚Õπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„Àâ —¡æ—π∏å
                                                                       °—∫ ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡™àπ  —≠≈—°…≥å
                                                                            Ë Ë
                                                                       ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ ·ºπº—ß
                                                                       µ“√“ß ¿“æ —µ«å  ‘ËߢÕß ∫ÿ§§≈
                                                                        ∂“π∑’˵à“ß Ê ‚¥¬„™â Comparison
                                                                       of adjectives/adverbs/Contrast : but,
                                                                       although/Quantity words ‡™àπ many/
                                                                       much/a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/
                                                                       few/a little/little etc.




26     µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
™—π
  È                  µ—«™’«¥
                          È—                                  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß
      Ù. ‡≈◊Õ°À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠              ë   ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß
         ∫Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ                          ®“° ◊Õª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå
                                                              Ë
         (supporting detail) ·≈–· ¥ß                    «“√ “√ «‘∑¬ÿ ‚∑√∑—»πå ‡«Á∫‰´µå
         §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õß∑’øß·≈–Õà“π
                         Ë     Ë Ëí                 ë   °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‡™àπ À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß
         æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ß                „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ
         ßà“¬ Ê ª√–°Õ∫                                  §”∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß
                                                                  Ë                        Ë
                                                        ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√
                                                        ∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√◊Õ‰¡à
                                                        - Yes/No Question
                                                        - Wh-Question
                                                        - Or-Question
                                                           etc.
                                                    ë   ª√–‚¬§∑’Ë„™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ
                                                        °“√„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ ·≈–°“√¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ
                                                        I thinkÇ/I feelÇ/I believeÇ
                                                        - §” —π∏“π (conjunctions) and/but/
                                                           or/because/so/before/after
                                                        - µ—«‡™◊Õ¡ (connective words) First,Ç
                                                                Ë
                                                           Next,Ç After,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç
                                                           etc.
                                                        - Tenses : present simple/present
                                                           continuous/present perfect/past
                                                           simple/future tense etc.
                                                        - Simple sentence/Compound sentence


                   µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»   27
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English

  • 1. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚııÒ  ”π—°«‘™“°“√·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√»÷°…“  ”π—°ß“π§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π °√–∑√«ß»÷°…“∏‘°“√
  • 2. §”π” §≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π ‚¥¬ ”π—°ß“π§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π ‰¥â¥”‡π‘π°“√ ∑∫∑«πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚıÙÙ ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤𓉪 ŸàÀ≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“ ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚııÒ ‚¥¬π”¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬¥—ß°≈à“« ·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°·ºπæ—≤π“ ‡»√…∞°‘ ® ·≈– — ß §¡·Àà ß ™“µ‘ ©∫— ∫ ∑’Ë Ò (æ.». Úıı-ÚııÙ) ¡“„™â „ π°“√æ— ≤ π“À≈— °  Ÿ µ √ „Àâ¡’§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡™—¥‡®π¬‘Ëߢ÷Èπ ∑—È߇ªÑ“À¡“¬„π°“√æ—≤π“§ÿ≥¿“溟â‡√’¬π ·≈–°√–∫«π°“√π”À≈—° Ÿµ√ ‰ª Ÿà°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘„π√–¥—∫‡¢µæ◊Èπ∑’Ë°“√»÷°…“·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“ æ√âÕ¡∑—È߉¥â®—¥∑” “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß ¢Õß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ¯ °≈ÿà¡ “√– „π·µà≈–√–¥—∫™—Èπ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇢µæ◊Èπ∑’Ë°“√»÷°…“ Àπ૬ߓπ√–¥—∫∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“∑’Ë®—¥°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“𠉥â𔉪„™â‡ªìπ°√Õ∫·≈–∑‘»∑“ß„π°“√æ—≤π“À≈—° Ÿµ√ ·≈–®—¥°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ ‚¥¬®—¥∑”‡ªìπ ¯ ‡≈à¡ ¥—ßπ’È Ò. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“‰∑¬ Ú. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ§≥‘µ»“ µ√å Û. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å Ù. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ —ߧ¡»÷°…“ »“ π“ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ı. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ÿ¢»÷°…“·≈–æ≈»÷°…“ ˆ. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ»‘≈ª– ˜. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°“√ß“πÕ“™’æ·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¯. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ߢÕß°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥ºŸâ∑’Ë¡’ à«π√à«¡®“°∑ÿ°Àπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ∑—Èß„π·≈–πÕ°°√–∑√«ß»÷°…“∏‘°“√ √«¡∑—Èß¿“§‡Õ°™π ª√–™“™π∑ÿ° “¢“Õ“™’æ µ≈Õ¥®πæàÕ·¡à ºŸâª°§√Õß ·≈–π—°‡√’¬π ´÷Ëߙ૬„π°“√®—¥∑” ‡Õ° “√¥—ß°≈à“« „Àâ¡’§«“¡ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ”À√—∫°“√®—¥°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ„π·µà≈–√–¥—∫™—Èπ  “¡“√∂ æ—≤π“ºŸâ‡√’¬π„Àâ¡’§ÿ≥¿“浓¡¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–µ—«™’È«—¥∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„πÀ≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“ ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ ÚııÒ (§ÿ≥À≠‘ß°…¡“ «√«√√≥ ≥ Õ¬ÿ∏¬“) ‡≈¢“∏‘°“√§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π
  • 3.  “√∫—≠ Àπâ“ §”π” ∑”‰¡µâÕ߇√’¬π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» Ò ‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ–‰√„π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» Ò  “√–·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ Ú §ÿ≥¿“溟â‡√’¬π Û µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß ˘  “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ˘  “√–∑’Ë Ú ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ıˆ  “√–∑’Ë Û ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ˆ˜  “√–∑’Ë Ù ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈° ˆ˘ Õ¿‘∏“π»—æ∑å ˜ı §≥–ºŸâ®—¥∑” ˜˜
  • 4. °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ∑”‰¡µâÕ߇√’¬π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» „π —ߧ¡‚≈°ªí®®ÿ∫—π °“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–®”‡ªìπÕ¬à“߬‘Ëß„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ ”§—≠„π°“√µ‘¥µàÕ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√»÷°…“ °“√· «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ °“√ √â“ߧ«“¡‡¢â“„®‡°’ˬ«°—∫«—≤π∏√√¡·≈–«‘ —¬∑—»πå¢Õß™ÿ¡™π‚≈° ·≈–µ√–Àπ—°∂÷ߧ«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬ ∑“ß«— ≤ π∏√√¡·≈–¡ÿ ¡ ¡ÕߢÕß — ß §¡‚≈° π”¡“´÷Ë ß ¡‘ µ √‰¡µ√’ · ≈–§«“¡√à « ¡¡◊ Õ °— ∫ ª√–‡∑»µà “ ß Ê ™à«¬æ—≤π“ºŸâ‡√’¬π„Àâ¡’§«“¡‡¢â“„®µπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ¥’¢÷Èπ ‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–‡¢â“„®§«“¡·µ°µà“ߢÕß¿“…“·≈– «—≤π∏√√¡ ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ª√–‡æ≥’ °“√§‘¥  —ߧ¡ ‡»√…∞°‘® °“√‡¡◊Õß °“√ª°§√Õß ¡’‡®µ§µ‘∑’Ë¥’µàÕ °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ·≈–„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‰¥â √«¡∑—È߇¢â“∂÷ßÕߧ姫“¡√Ÿâµà“ß Ê ‰¥âßà“¬ ·≈–°«â“ߢ÷Èπ ·≈–¡’«‘ —¬∑—»πå„π°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»∑’‡ªìπ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿæπ∞“π ´÷ß°”Àπ¥„Àâ‡√’¬πµ≈Õ¥À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“ Ë â ◊È Ë ¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π §◊Õ ¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…  à«π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ ¿“…“Ω√—Ë߇»  ‡¬Õ√¡—π ®’π ≠’˪ÿÉπ Õ“À√—∫ ∫“≈’ ·≈–¿“…“°≈ÿࡪ√–‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π À√◊Õ¿“…“Õ◊Ëπ Ê „ÀâÕ¬Ÿà„π¥ÿ≈¬æ‘π‘®¢Õß ∂“π»÷°…“∑’Ë®–®—¥∑”√“¬«‘™“ ·≈–®—¥°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµ“¡§«“¡‡À¡“– ¡ ‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ–‰√„π¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» °≈ÿ¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ¡ÿßÀ«—ß„À⺇√’¬π¡’‡®µ§µ‘∑¥µÕ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»  “¡“√∂ à â à Ÿâ ’Ë ’ à „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»  ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê · «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ·≈–»÷°…“µàÕ„π√–¥—∫ ∑’Ë  Ÿ ß ¢÷È π √«¡∑—È ß ¡’ § «“¡√Ÿâ § «“¡‡¢â “ „®„π‡√◊Ë Õ ß√“«·≈–«— ≤ π∏√√¡Õ— π À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õߪ√–™“§¡‚≈° ·≈– “¡“√∂∂à“¬∑Õ¥§«“¡§‘¥·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡‰∑¬‰ª¬—ß —ߧ¡‚≈°‰¥âÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ “√– ”§—≠ ¥—ßπ’È µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 1
  • 5. ✧ ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π ·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ µ’§«“¡ 𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ §«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ „π‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê ·≈– √â“ߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ✧ ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»µ“¡«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å §«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡‰∑¬ ·≈–𔉪„™âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ✧ ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß §«“¡√Ÿâ°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ë𠇪ìπæ◊Èπ∞“π„π°“√æ—≤π“ · «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–‡ªî¥‚≈°∑—»πå¢Õßµπ ✧ ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈° °“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ∑—ß„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π·≈–πÕ°ÀâÕ߇√’¬π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡‚≈° ‡ªìπ‡§√◊Õß¡◊Õæ◊π∞“π„π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ È Ë È ·≈–·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°—∫ —ߧ¡‚≈°  “√–·≈–¡“µ√∞“π°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ  “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ò ‡¢â“„®·≈–µ’§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ Õ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ú ¡’ ∑— ° …–°“√ ◊Ë Õ  “√∑“ß¿“…“„π°“√·≈°‡ª≈’Ë ¬ π¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ¢à “ « “√ · ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ  ÷ ° ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπÕ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Û π”‡ πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√ §«“¡§‘¥√«∫¬Õ¥ ·≈–§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê ‚¥¬°“√查 ·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π 2 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 6.  “√–∑’Ë Ú ¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ú.Ò ‡¢â “ „®§«“¡ — ¡ æ— π ∏å √ –À«à “ ß¿“…“°— ∫ «— ≤ π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â “ ¢Õß¿“…“ ·≈–𔉪„™â ‰¥âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡°—∫°“≈‡∑»– ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ú.Ú ‡¢â“„®§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ °—∫¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡‰∑¬ ·≈–π”¡“„™âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡  “√–∑’Ë Û ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Û.Ò „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß§«“¡√Ÿâ°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ·≈–‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“π „π°“√æ—≤π“ · «ßÀ“§«“¡√Ÿâ ·≈–‡ªî¥‚≈°∑—»πå¢Õßµπ  “√–∑’Ë Ù ¿“…“°—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫™ÿ¡™π·≈–‚≈° ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ù.Ò „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ∑—Èß„π ∂“π»÷°…“ ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ù.Ú „™â ¿ “…“µà “ ߪ√–‡∑»‡ªì 𠇧√◊Ë Õ ß¡◊ Õ æ◊È π ∞“π„π°“√»÷ ° …“µà Õ °“√ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’ æ ·≈–°“√·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ‡√’¬π√Ÿâ°—∫ —ߧ¡‚≈° §ÿ≥¿“溟â‡√’¬π ®∫™—Èπª√–∂¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë Û ✧ ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ëøíß Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√ §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê ·≈– ∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«–ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ∫Õ°§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”·≈–°≈ÿ¡§”∑’øßµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ à Ë í µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“πª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“À√◊Õπ‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ✧ 查‚µâµÕ∫¥â«¬§” —Èπ Ê ßà“¬ Ê „π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈µ“¡·∫∫∑’Ëøíß „™â§” —Ëß·≈– §”¢Õ√âÕßßà“¬ Ê ∫Õ°§«“¡µâÕß°“√ßà“¬ Ê ¢Õßµπ‡Õß æŸ¥¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–‡æ◊ËÕπ ∫Õ°§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’ˬ«°—∫ ‘Ëßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«À√◊Õ°‘®°√√¡µà“ß Ê µ“¡·∫∫∑’Ëøíß µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 3
  • 7. ✧ 查„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß·≈–‡√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—« ®—¥À¡«¥À¡Ÿà§”µ“¡ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈  —µ«å ·≈– ‘ËߢÕßµ“¡∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ✧ 查·≈–∑”∑à“ª√–°Õ∫µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡/«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ∫Õ°™◊ËÕ·≈– §”»—æ∑åßà“¬ Ê ‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡ °‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡∑’ˇÀ¡“–°—∫«—¬ ✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡·µ°µà “ ߢÕ߇ ’ ¬ ßµ— « Õ— ° …√ §” °≈ÿà ¡ §” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ßà “ ¬ Ê ¢Õß¿“…“ µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ✧ ∫Õ°§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ✧ øíß/查„π ∂“π°“√≥åßà“¬ Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ‡æ◊ËÕ√«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß„°≈âµ—« ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—« Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ·≈–‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑å ª√–¡“≥ Û-Ùı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡) ✧ „™â ª √–‚¬§§”‡¥’ ¬ « (One Word Sentence) ª√–‚¬§‡¥’Ë ¬ « (Simple Sentence) „π°“√ π∑π“‚µâµÕ∫µ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å„π™’«‘µª√–®”«—π ®∫™—Èπª√–∂¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë ˆ ✧ ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§” —ß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈–§”·π–π”∑’øß·≈–Õà“π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π —‘ Ë Ë í ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß  —≠≈—°…≥åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑’ËÕà“π ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√◊ËÕ߇≈à“ ✧ 查/‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫„π°“√ ◊ËÕ “√√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ „™â§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ ·≈– „À⧔·π–π” 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ¢Õ§«“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ „π ∂“π°“√≥åßà“¬ Ê æŸ¥·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊ËÕπ §√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—« 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—« °‘®°√√¡µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ —Èπ Ê ª√–°Õ∫ 4 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 8. ✧ 查/‡¢’¬π„Àâ¢Õ¡Ÿ≈‡°’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡æ◊Õπ ·≈– ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈⵫ ‡¢’¬π¿“æ ·ºπº—ß ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ â Ë Ë Ë — ·≈–µ“√“ß· ¥ß¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π 查/‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—« ✧ „™â∂âÕ¬§” πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“ßÕ¬à“ß ÿ¿“æ ‡À¡“– ¡ µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈– «—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ „Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫‡∑»°“≈/«—𠔧—≠/ß“π©≈Õß/™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà¢Õß ‡®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„® ✧ ∫Õ°§«“¡À¡◊Õπ/§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§™π‘¥µà“ß Ê °“√„™â‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ «√√§µÕπ ·≈–°“√≈”¥—∫§”µ“¡‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ §«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ/§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“߇∑»°“≈ ß“π©≈Õß ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬ ✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈– 𔇠πե⫬°“√查/°“√‡¢’¬π ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π·≈– ∂“π»÷°…“ ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ·≈–√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫ µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ·≈–≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡ ·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) ✧ „™âª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ«·≈–ª√–‚¬§º ¡ (Compound Sentence)  ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑µà“ß Ê ®∫™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë Û ✧ ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ‚¶…≥“ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß —π Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π √–∫ÿ/‡¢’¬π ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫ È Ë Ë µà“ß Ê  —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿÀ—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥  π—∫ πÿπ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ ·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫ µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 5
  • 9. ✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√◊ËÕßµà“ß Ê „°≈âµ—«  ∂“π°“√≥å ¢à“« ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ „™â§”¢Õ√âÕß §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬ „À⧔·π–π”Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ µÕ∫√—∫ ·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ æŸ¥·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈– · ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫‡√◊ËÕß∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈– §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê °‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√âÕ¡∑—ß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ Ë Ë È ª√–°Õ∫Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π √ÿª„®§«“¡ ”§—≠/·°àπ “√– À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå ‡√◊ËÕß/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å/ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å æ√âÕ¡„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ª√–°Õ∫ ✧ ‡≈◊Õ°„™â¿“…“ πÈ”‡ ’¬ß ·≈–°‘√‘¬“∑à“∑“߇À¡“–°—∫∫ÿ§§≈·≈–‚Õ°“  µ“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏‘∫“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà ¢π∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡ ·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’ ¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡/®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡µ“¡§«“¡ π„® ✧ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß°“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§ ™π‘¥µà“ß Ê ·≈–°“√≈”¥—∫§”µ“¡‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§¢Õß¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫·≈– Õ∏‘∫“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊Õπ·≈–§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß™’«µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬ ‘ à ·≈–𔉪„™âÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ✧ §âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈/¢âÕ‡∑Á®®√‘ß∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ ·≈–𔇠πե⫬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“ ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡ ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ/§âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√Ÿâ/¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ®“° ◊ËÕ ·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√ ¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈–∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 6 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 10. ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫ µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ« °“√∫√‘°“√  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈– «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Ú,Ò-Ú,Úı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìππ“¡∏√√¡¡“°¢÷π) ’Ë È ✧ „™âª√–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´—∫´âÕπ (Complex Sentence)  ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘∫∑ µà“ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ ®∫™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë ˆ ✧ ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§”·π–π”„π§Ÿ¡Õ°“√„™âß“πµà“ß Ê §”™’·®ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ·≈–§”∫√√¬“¬∑’øß·≈–Õà“π —‘ à◊ È Ë í Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ‚¶…≥“ ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑≈–§√ —Èπ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π Õ∏‘∫“¬·≈–‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕà“π √«¡∑—Èß√–∫ÿ ·≈–‡¢’¬π ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß√Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê  —¡æ—π∏å°∫ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡∑’øßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ Ë Ë — Ë í «‘‡§√“–À姫“¡  √ÿª§«“¡ µ’§«“¡ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π‡√◊Õß∑’‡ªìπ “√§¥’·≈–∫—π‡∑‘ߧ¥’ Ë Ë æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫ ✧  π∑π“·≈–‡¢’¬π‚µâµÕ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’¬«°—∫µπ‡Õß ‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê „°≈⵫ ª√– ∫°“√≥å  ∂“π°“√≥å Ë Ë — ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„𧫓¡ π„®¢Õß —ߧ¡ ·≈– ◊ËÕ “√Õ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß·≈–‡À¡“– ¡ ‡≈◊Õ°·≈–„™â §”¢Õ√âÕß §”™’·®ß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ·≈–„À⧔·π–π” 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡µâÕß°“√ ‡ πÕ·≈–„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ È µÕ∫√—∫·≈–ªØ‘‡ ∏°“√„À⧫“¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ„π ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈ÕßÀ√◊Õ ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ßÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ·≈–„Àâ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ∫√√¬“¬ Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫ ‡√◊ËÕß/ª√–‡¥Áπ/¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“πÕ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π∫√√¬“¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°·≈– · ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢Õßµπ‡Õ߇°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õßµà“ß Ê °‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥åÕ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈ Ë Ë ✧ 查·≈–‡¢’¬π𔇠πÕ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß/ª√– ∫°“√≥å ¢à“«/‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ‡√◊ËÕß·≈– ª√–‡¥Áπµà“ß Ê µ“¡§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π √ÿª„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ·°àπ “√–∑’‰¥â®“°°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡√◊Õß °‘®°√√¡ Ë Ë ¢à“« ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ·≈– ∂“π°“√≥嵓¡§«“¡ π„® 查·≈–‡¢’¬π· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫°‘®°√√¡ ª√– ∫°“√≥å ·≈–‡Àµÿ°“√≥å ∑—Èß„π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ  —ß§¡ ·≈–‚≈° æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ߪ√–°Õ∫ µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 7
  • 11. ✧ ‡≈◊ Õ °„™â ¿ “…“ πÈ” ‡ ’ ¬ ß ·≈–°‘ √‘ ¬ “∑à “ ∑“߇À¡“–°— ∫ √–¥— ∫ ¢Õß∫ÿ § §≈ ‡«≈“ ‚Õ°“  ·≈– ∂“π∑’˵“¡¡“√¬“∑ —ߧ¡·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ Õ∏‘∫“¬/Õ¿‘ª√“¬«‘∂’™’«‘µ §«“¡§‘¥ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ ·≈–∑’Ë¡“¢Õߢπ∫∏√√¡‡π’¬¡·≈–ª√–‡æ≥’¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“ ‡¢â“√à«¡ ·π–π” ·≈–®—¥°‘®°√√¡∑“ß¿“…“ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡Õ¬à“߇À¡“– ¡ ✧ Õ∏‘∫“¬/‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫§«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß‚§√ß √â“ߪ√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡  ”π«π §”æ—ß‡æ¬  ÿ ¿ “…‘ µ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ¢Õß¿“…“µà “ ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¿“…“‰∑¬ «‘ ‡ §√“–Àå / Õ¿‘ ª √“¬§«“¡‡À¡◊ Õ π·≈– §«“¡·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ß«‘∂’™’«‘µ §«“¡‡™◊ËÕ ·≈–«—≤π∏√√¡¢Õ߇®â“¢Õß¿“…“°—∫¢Õ߉∑¬ ·≈–𔉪„™â Õ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈ ✧ §âπ§«â“/ ◊∫§âπ ∫—π∑÷°  √ÿª ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°≈ÿà¡ “√– °“√‡√’¬π√ŸâÕ◊Ëπ®“°·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê ·≈–𔇠πե⫬°“√查·≈–°“√‡¢’¬π ✧ „™â¿“…“ ◊ËÕ “√„π ∂“π°“√≥å®√‘ß/ ∂“π°“√≥å®”≈Õß∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π  ∂“π»÷°…“ ™ÿ¡™π ·≈– —ߧ¡ ✧ „™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»„π°“√ ◊∫§âπ/§âπ§«â“ √«∫√«¡ «‘‡§√“–Àå ·≈– √ÿª§«“¡√Ÿâ/¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ®“° ◊ËÕ·≈–·À≈àß°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâµà“ß Ê „π°“√»÷°…“µàÕ·≈–ª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ ‡º¬·æ√à/ª√–™“ —¡æ—π∏å¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¢à“« “√¢Õß‚√߇√’¬π ™ÿ¡™π ·≈–∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ/ª√–‡∑»™“µ‘‡ªìπ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» ✧ ¡’∑—°…–°“√„™â¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» (‡πâπ°“√øíß-查-Õà“π-‡¢’¬π)  ◊ËÕ “√µ“¡À—«‡√◊ËÕ߇°’ˬ«°—∫ µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈– π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊ÈÕ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈–Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’ˬ« °“√∫√‘°“√  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Û,ˆ-Û,˜ı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’Ë¡’√–¥—∫°“√„™â·µ°µà“ß°—π) ✧ „™â ª √–‚¬§º ¡·≈–ª√–‚¬§´— ∫ ´â Õ π ◊Ë Õ §«“¡À¡“¬µ“¡∫√‘ ∫ ∑µà “ ß Ê „π°“√ π∑π“ ∑—Èß∑’ˇªìπ∑“ß°“√·≈–‰¡à‡ªìπ∑“ß°“√ 8 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 12. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß  “√–∑’Ë Ò ¿“…“‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ ¡“µ√∞“π µ Ò.Ò ‡¢â“„®·≈–µ’§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ·≈–· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ Õ¬à“ß¡’‡Àµÿº≈ ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß ª.Ò Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëßßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß ë §” —ß∑’„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ‡™àπ Stand up./ Ë Ë Sit down./Listen./Repeat./Quiet!/ Stop! etc. Ú. √–∫ÿµ«Õ—°…√·≈–‡ ’¬ß Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß — ë µ—«Õ—°…√ (letter names) ‡ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√ ·≈– –°¥§”ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—° ·≈– √– (letter sounds) ·≈– °“√Õà“π °“√ –°¥§” À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“ (stress) „𧔷≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” (intonation) „πª√–‚¬§ Û. ‡≈◊Õ°¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ ë §” °≈ÿࡧ” ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ¢Õߧ”·≈–°≈ÿࡧ”∑’Ëøíß µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Ë „°≈⵫ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ — Ë Ë ¿“¬„π«ß§”»—æ∑åª√–¡“≥ Òı-Ú §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡) µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 9
  • 13. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øí߇√◊ËÕß„°≈âµ—« ë ∫∑Õà“π‡°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õß„°≈⵫À√◊Õπ‘∑“π Ë Ë — ∑’Ë¡’¿“æª√–°Õ∫ ë ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is it a/an..? Yes, it is./ No, it is not. etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ What is it? It is a/an... etc. ª.Ú Ò. ªØ‘∫µµ“¡§” —ß ·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕßßà“¬ Ê —‘ Ë ë §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ∑’øß Ë í - §” —ß ‡™àπ Show me a/an.../Open Ë your book. Donût talk in class. etc. - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please come here./ Come here, please. Donût make a loud noise, please./Please donût make a loud noise. etc. Ú. √–∫ÿµ«Õ—°…√·≈–‡ ’¬ß Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§” — ë µ—«Õ—°…√ ‡ ’¬ßµ—«Õ—°…√·≈– √–  –°¥§” ·≈–Õà“πª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê °“√ –°¥§” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§ À≈—°°“√ ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔠·≈–欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ 10 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 14. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û. ‡≈◊Õ°¿“æµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ” ë §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ« (simple °≈ÿࡧ” ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑’Ëøíß sentence) ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫ µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Ë „°≈⵫ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ — Ë Ë ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Úı- Û §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡) Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíߪ√–‚¬§ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“π∑’Ë¡’ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ë¡’ ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫ ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is this/that a/an..? Yes, it is./No, it isnût. etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ What is this/that/it? This/that/It is a/anÇ How manyÇ? There is/areÇ Where is theÇ? It is in/on/underÇ etc. ª.Û Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ëøíß ë §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π À√◊ÕÕà“π - §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Give me a/an.../Draw and color the picture./Put a/an Çin/on/under a/anÇ/Donût eat in class. etc. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 11
  • 15. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./ Take a queue, please./Donût make a loud noise, please./Please donût make a loud noise./Can you help me, please? etc. Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§”  –°¥§” Õà“π°≈ÿ¡§” à ë §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ« ·≈–∫∑查 ª√–‚¬§ ·≈–∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«– ‡¢â“®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§” (chant) ßà“¬ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿ¿“æÀ√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å ë °≈ÿ¡§” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’¬«  —≠≈—°…≥å ·≈– à Ë µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß°≈ÿࡧ” §«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ·≈–ª√–‚¬§∑’Ëøíß ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡„°≈âµ—« Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å Ë Ë  – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ûı-Ùı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡) 12 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 16. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“π∑’Ë¡’ ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ À√◊Õπ‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ ë ª√–‚¬§§”∂“¡·≈–§”µÕ∫ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./ No,Çisnût/arenût/canût. etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ What is this/that/it? This/that/It is a/anÇ How manyÇ? There is/areÇ Where is/areÇ? } It is in/on/underÇ They are etc. ª.Ù Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈– ë §” —ß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π ·≈– Ë Ë §”·π–π” (instructions) ßà“¬ Ê §”·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ ∑’ËøíßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π À√◊Õ°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 13
  • 17. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - §” —ß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/over Ë there./Say it again./Read and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/anÇ/ Donût go over there. etc. - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./ Take a queue, please./Can you help me, please? etc. - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read everyday./Think before you speak./ - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./ My turn./ Your turn./ Roll the dice./ Count the number./Finish. - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,... Second,Ç Then,Ç Finally,... etc. Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß§”  –°¥§” ë §” °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ∫∑查 Õà“π°≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ßà“¬ Ê ‡¢â“®—ßÀ«– ·≈–°“√ –°¥§” ·≈–∫∑查‡¢â“®—ßÀ«–∂Ÿ°µâÕß ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ 14 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 18. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿ¿“æÀ√◊Õ —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ ë °≈ÿࡧ” ª√–‚¬§‡¥’ˬ«  —≠≈—°…≥å ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬ ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ¢Õߪ√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —Èπ Ê ∑’Ëøíß µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Ë À√◊ÕÕà“π Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ Ë Ë  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈– È ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ ª√–¡“≥ ıı-˜ §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìπ ’Ë √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) Ù. µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“°°“√øíß·≈– ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π∑’¡¿“æª√–°Õ∫ Ë’ Õà“πª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈–π‘∑“𠧔∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß Ë Ë ßà“¬ Ê ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./ No,Çisnût/arenût/canût. Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...? Yes/NoÇ etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/ They areÇ WhatÇ?/WhereÇ? It isÇ/They areÇ What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc. - Or-Question ‡™àπ Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ? It is a/anÇ etc. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 15
  • 19. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß ª.ı Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈– ë §” —Ëß·≈–§”¢Õ√âÕß∑’Ë„™â„πÀâÕ߇√’¬π §”·π–π”ßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈–§”·π–π”„π°“√ ‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ À√◊Õ°“√ ∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ - §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/ over there./Say it again./Read and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/ under a/anÇ/Donût go over there. etc. - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please take a queue./ Take a queue, please./Can/ Could you help me, please? etc. - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read everyday./ Think before you speak./ - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./ My turn./Your turn./Roll the dice./Count the number./Finish./ - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,Ç Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc. 16 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 20. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡ ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß (linking sound) „π¢âÕ§«“¡ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«– Û. √–∫ÿ/«“¥¿“æ  —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ ë °≈ÿ¡§” ª√–‚¬§º ¡ ¢âÕ§«“¡  —≠≈—°…≥å à ‡§√◊ÕßÀ¡“¬µ√ßµ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß Ë ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ —π Ê ∑’øßÀ√◊ÕÕà“π È Ëí µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Ë Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ Ë Ë  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈– È ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ ª√–¡“≥ ˜ı-˘ı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡ªìπ ’Ë √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 17
  • 21. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π À√◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ Ê ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ ·≈– §”∂“¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß π‘∑“πßà“¬ Ê À√◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ Ê ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./ No,Çisnût/arenût/canût. Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...? Yes/NoÇ etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/They areÇ WhatÇ?/WhereÇ? It is Ç/They areÇ What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc. - Or-Question ‡™àπ Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ? It is a/anÇ etc. ª.ˆ Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ·≈– ë §” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ¿“…“∑à“∑“ß ·≈– §”·π–π”∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“𠧔·π–π”„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ °“√«“¥¿“æ °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ ·≈– °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å - §” —Ëß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/ over there./Say it again./Read and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/ under a/anÇ/Donût go over there. etc. 18 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 22. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please look up the meaning in a dictionary./Look up the meaning in a dictionary, please./Can/Could you help me, please? etc. - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read everyday./Think before you speak./ - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./ My turn./ Your turn./Roll the dice./ Count the number./Finish./ - §”∫Õ°≈”¥—∫¢—ÈπµÕπ First,Ç Second,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc. Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ë ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ ·≈–∫∑°≈Õπ —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕßµ“¡ ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß (linking sound) „π¢âÕ§«“¡ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß∫∑°≈Õπµ“¡®—ßÀ«– µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 19
  • 23. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§ À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ —π Ê È ë ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡  —≠≈—°…≥å µ√ßµ“¡¿“æ  —≠≈—°…≥å À√◊Õ ‡§√◊ÕßÀ¡“¬ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬‡°’¬«°—∫ Ë Ë ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬∑’ËÕà“π µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Ë Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß·≈–π—π∑π“°“√ Ë Ë  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ·≈– È ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» ·≈–‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ ª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı-Ò,Ú §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) Ù. ∫Õ°„®§«“¡ ”§—≠·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§ ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π À√◊Õ‡√◊Õ߇≈à“ Ë ®“°°“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“𠧔∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß Ë Ë ßà“¬ Ê ·≈–‡√◊ËÕ߇≈à“ ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’‰Àπ ‡¡◊Õ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√ Ë Ë ∑”‰¡ - Yes/No Question ‡™àπ Is/Are/CanÇ? Yes,Çis/are/can./ No,Çisnût/arenût/canût. Do/Does/Can/Is/Are...? Yes/NoÇ etc. - Wh-Question ‡™àπ Who is/areÇ? He/She isÇ/ They areÇ WhatÇ?/WhereÇ? It is Ç/They areÇ What...doing? Çis/am/areÇ etc. 20 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 24. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - Or-Question ‡™àπ Is this/it a/an...or a/anÇ? It is a/anÇ Is/Are/Was/Were/DidÇorÇ? etc. ¡.Ò Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§” —Ëß §”¢Õ√âÕß ë §” —ß §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™’·®ß Ë È §”·π–π” ·≈–§”™’È·®ßßà“¬ Ê „π°“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈–‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å Ë Ë ∑’Ëøíß·≈–Õà“π °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“ °“√∫Õ°∑‘»∑“ß ªÑ“¬ª√–°“»µà“ß Ê À√◊Õ°“√„™âÕª°√≥å ÿ - §” —ß ‡™àπ Look at theÇ/here/over Ë there./Say it again./Read and draw./Put a/anÇin/on/under a/ anÇ/Go to the window and open it./Take out the book, open on page 17 and read it./Donût go over there./Donût be late. etc. - §”¢Õ√âÕß ‡™àπ Please look up the meaning in a dictionary./Look up the meaning in a dictionary, please./Can/Could you help me, please?/Excuse me, could you Ç? etc. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 21
  • 25. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - §”·π–π” ‡™àπ You should read everyday./Think before you speak./ - §”»—æ∑å∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡≈àπ‡°¡ Start./ My turn./Your turn./Roll the dice./ Count the number./Finish. etc. - §” —π∏“π (conjunction) ‡™àπ and/ but/or - µ—«‡™◊ËÕ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ First,Ç Second,ÇThird,Ç Next,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc. Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈– ë ¢âÕ§«“¡ π‘∑“π ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß (poem)  —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕß ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ - °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π - °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®—ßÀ«– 22 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 26. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û. ‡≈◊Õ°/√–∫ÿª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬ „Àâ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π (non-text information) ∑’ËÕà“π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß Ë Ë Ë ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈– È Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’¬« °“√∫√‘°“√ Ë  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈– ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ò,Ù-Ò,ıı §” (§”»—æ∑å∑’ˇªìπ √Ÿª∏√√¡·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) ë °“√µ’§«“¡/∂à“¬‚Õπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„Àâ ¡æ—π∏å°∫ — —  ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡™àπ  —≠≈—°…≥å ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ µ“√“ß ¿“æ —µ«å  ‘ËߢÕß ∫ÿ§§≈  ∂“π∑’˵à“ß Ê ‚¥¬„™â Comparison of adjectives/ adverbs/Contrast : but, although/ Quantity words ‡™àπ many/much/ a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/ few/a little/little etc. µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 23
  • 27. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ù. √–∫ÿÀ«¢âÕ‡√◊Õß (topic) „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ — Ë ë ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß (main idea) ·≈–µÕ∫§”∂“¡®“° ®“° ◊ËÕª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå °“√øíß·≈–Õà“π∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π «“√ “√ «‘∑¬ÿ ‚∑√∑—»πå ‡«Á∫‰´µå ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ ë °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‡™àπ À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿ𠧔∂“¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊ËÕß ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√ ∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√◊Õ‰¡à - Yes/No Question - Wh-Question - Or-Question etc. - Tenses : present simple/present continuous/past simple/future simple etc. - Simple sentence/Compound sentence ¡.Ú Ò. ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡§”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” ë §”¢Õ√âÕß §”·π–π” §”™’È·®ß ·≈– §”™’È·®ß ·≈–§”Õ∏‘∫“¬ßà“¬ Ê ∑’Ëøíß §”Õ∏‘∫“¬ ‡™àπ °“√∑”Õ“À“√·≈– ·≈–Õà“𠇧√◊ËÕߥ◊Ë¡ °“√ª√–¥‘…∞å °“√„™â¬“/ ≈“°¬“ °“√∫Õ°∑‘»∑“ß °“√„™âÕÿª°√≥å 24 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 28. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß - Passive Voice ∑’Ë„™â„π‚§√ß √â“ß ª√–‚¬§ßà“¬ Ê ‡™àπ is/are + Past Participle - §” —π∏“π (conjunction) ‡™àπ and/ but/or/before/after etc. - µ—«‡™◊ËÕ¡ (connective words) ‡™àπ First,Ç Second,Ç Third,Ç Fourth,Ç Finally,Ç etc. Ú. Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ë ¢âÕ§«“¡ ¢à“« ª√–°“» ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß ·≈–∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õß —Èπ Ê ∂Ÿ°µâÕß ë °“√„™âæ®π“πÿ°√¡ µ“¡À≈—°°“√Õà“π ë À≈—°°“√Õà“πÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß ‡™àπ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß欗≠™π–µâ𧔷≈– 欗≠™π–∑⓬§” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡πâπÀπ—°-‡∫“„𧔠·≈–°≈ÿࡧ” - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ßµ“¡√–¥—∫‡ ’¬ß Ÿß-µË” „πª√–‚¬§ - °“√ÕÕ°‡ ’¬ß‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß„π¢âÕ§«“¡ - °“√·∫àß«√√§µÕπ„π°“√Õà“π - °“√Õà“π∫∑√âÕ¬°√Õßµ“¡®—ßÀ«– µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 25
  • 29. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Û. √–∫ÿ/‡¢’¬πª√–‚¬§·≈–¢âÕ§«“¡ ë ª√–‚¬§À√◊Õ¢âÕ§«“¡ ·≈–§«“¡À¡“¬ „Àâ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ◊ËÕ∑’ˉ¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡°’ˬ«°—∫µπ‡Õß §√Õ∫§√—« ‚√߇√’¬π √Ÿª·∫∫µà“ß Ê ∑’ËÕà“π  ‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ Õ“À“√ ‡§√◊Õߥ◊¡ ‡«≈“«à“ß Ë Ë Ë ·≈–π—π∑π“°“√  ÿ¢¿“æ·≈– «— ¥‘°“√ °“√´◊Õ-¢“¬ ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“» °“√»÷°…“·≈– È Õ“™’æ °“√‡¥‘π∑“ß∑àÕ߇∑’¬« °“√∫√‘°“√ Ë  ∂“π∑’Ë ¿“…“ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈– ‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’ ‡ªìπ«ß§”»—æ∑å – ¡ª√–¡“≥ Ò,˜ı-Ò,˘ §” (§”»—æ∑å∑‡’Ë ªìπ√Ÿª∏√√¡ ·≈–π“¡∏√√¡) ë °“√µ’§«“¡/∂à“¬‚Õπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„Àâ —¡æ—π∏å °—∫ ◊Õ∑’‰¡à„™à§«“¡‡√’¬ß ‡™àπ  —≠≈—°…≥å Ë Ë ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬ °√“ø ·ºπ¿Ÿ¡‘ ·ºπº—ß µ“√“ß ¿“æ —µ«å  ‘ËߢÕß ∫ÿ§§≈  ∂“π∑’˵à“ß Ê ‚¥¬„™â Comparison of adjectives/adverbs/Contrast : but, although/Quantity words ‡™àπ many/ much/a lot of/lots of/some/any/a few/ few/a little/little etc. 26 µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑»
  • 30. ™—π È µ—«™’«¥ È—  “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß Ù. ‡≈◊Õ°À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ë ∫∑ π∑π“ π‘∑“π ‡√◊ËÕß —Èπ ·≈–‡√◊ËÕß ∫Õ°√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ ®“° ◊Õª√–‡¿∑µà“ß Ê ‡™àπ Àπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå Ë (supporting detail) ·≈–· ¥ß «“√ “√ «‘∑¬ÿ ‚∑√∑—»πå ‡«Á∫‰´µå §«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õß∑’øß·≈–Õà“π Ë Ë Ëí ë °“√®—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠ ‡™àπ À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈·≈–¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ß „®§«“¡ ”§—≠ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥ π—∫ πÿπ ßà“¬ Ê ª√–°Õ∫ §”∂“¡‡°’¬«°—∫„®§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õ߇√◊Õß Ë Ë ‡™à𠄧√ ∑”Õ–‰√ ∑’ˉÀπ ‡¡◊ËÕ‰√ Õ¬à“߉√ ∑”‰¡ „™àÀ√◊Õ‰¡à - Yes/No Question - Wh-Question - Or-Question etc. ë ª√–‚¬§∑’Ë„™â„π°“√· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ °“√„Àâ‡Àµÿº≈ ·≈–°“√¬°µ—«Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ I thinkÇ/I feelÇ/I believeÇ - §” —π∏“π (conjunctions) and/but/ or/because/so/before/after - µ—«‡™◊Õ¡ (connective words) First,Ç Ë Next,Ç After,Ç Then,Ç Finally,Ç etc. - Tenses : present simple/present continuous/present perfect/past simple/future tense etc. - Simple sentence/Compound sentence µ—«™’È«—¥·≈– “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·°π°≈“ß °≈ÿà¡ “√–°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ¿“…“µà“ߪ√–‡∑» 27