The points depicted in this presentation are very helpful for the aspirants like CSIR-NET, DBT-JRF, GATE, ICMR, TIFR etc., These points (some Question and Answers) are helpful for Life Sciences exams. The tricks shown in every slide are must to remember and hence "Points to Remmeber"!!

1. About Amino Acids!
Points to remember to beat any
Competetive exam in Life Sciences!

2. • What are Essential Amino Acids?

3. Answer:
• Arginine
• Histidine
• Isoleucine
• Leucine
• Threonine
• Lysine
• Methionine
• Phenylalanine
• Tryptophan
• Valine

4. What are Non-Essential Amino
Acids?

5. Answer:
• Alanine
• Asparagine
• Aspartate
• Cysteine
• Glutamate
• Glutamine
• Glycine
• Proline
• Serine
• Tyrosine

6. • Histidine and Arginine are essential amino
acids for infants but not for Healthy adults.

7. • Cysteine and Tyrosine are considered to be
semi-essential amino acids. They are required
by premature infants and adults who are ill.

8. • Which is the Simplest amino acid?

9. • Glycine- An aminoacid without asymmetrical
carbon atom.

10. • Which are Acidic amino acids?

11. • Glutamic acid and Aspartic acid.
– Glutamic acid is the most common amino acid
undergo oxidative deamination.

12. • What are Basic aminoacids?

13. • Lysine and Arginine
– Arginine contain guanidium group
– Histones are rich in basic aminoacids.

14. • What are Neutral aminoacids?

15. • Glycine, Valine and Phenylalanine.

16. • What are Alcoholic amino acids?

17. • Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Phenylanine
– Aromatic aminoacids absorb UV-Light. This
account for the characterisation strong
absorbance of light by most proteins at
wavelength of 280 nm.
– Tyrosine forms skin pigment melanin and two
hormones Adrenaline and Thyroxine.

18. Q.) What are Heterocyclic Aminoacids?

19. • Tryptophan and Histidine.

20. • Tryptophan (Bulkiest amino acid) has indole
ring.

21. • Tryptophan is precursor of Indole 3-Acetic
Acid(a Plant hormone) and Nicotinamide (a
Beta-Vitamin).

22. • Histidine is an Aminoacid with buffering
capacity

23. • Histidine is only aminoacid having an ionisable
side chain with a pka near neutrality (pk
value=6.1).

24. • Buffering capacity of plasma proteins and
Haemoglobin is mainly due to Histidine
residues.

25. Q.) Histidine is more present in _____site of an
enzyme.

26. • Active site

27. • Histidine contains _______group

28. • Imidazole

29. • Histidine is found in Intracellular and
extracellular fluids of ______ and _____?

30. • Plants and Animals.

31. • Sulphur containing aminoacids?

32. • Cysteine and Methionine.

33. • Amino acids with amide group?

34. • Asparagine and Glutamine.

35. • Which is rarely found within alpha helix
segments?
– (Hint: It is a Secondary Imino acid)

36. • Proline

37. • Which is 21st Amino acid present in Human
protein?

38. • Selenocysteine.

39. • Un common aminoacids?

40. • Collagen,
• Myosin and
• Prothrombin.
– Collagen is a fibrous protein of muscle.
– Myosin is a contractile protein of muscle.
– Prothrombin is a Blood clotting protein.

41. • Give a note on Glutathione?

42. • It is a co-enzyme of oxidation-reduction
reactions which consists of Glutamic acid,
Glysine and Cysteine. This chemical is
important in preventing oxidative damage to
Erythrocytes.

43. • What is Aspartame?

44. • It is an artificial sweetner(Nutrasweet),
synthetic dipeptide, chemically it is
-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine.

45. • Which aminoacids are involved in
Neurotransmitters?

46. • GABA- (GammaAmino Butyric Acid) a
derivative of Glutamosine.ic acid.
• Dopamine- It is a derivative of Ty

47. • Histamine is a derivative of which amino acid?

48. • Histidine (an allergic reaction mediator)

49. • Which Amino acids works as Helix-breakers?

50. • Proline, Glycine, Tyrosine and Asparagine.

51. • Bend producing amino acids?

52. • Glycine, Proline, Serine and Threonine.

53. • Sickle Cell Haemoglobin differs from normal
Haemoglobin by a single amino acid. In the
Beta-chain of sickle cell Haemoglobin, a Valine
(a Hydrophobic aminoacid) has replaced a
Glutamic acid(a negatively charged
aminoacid).

54. • pI denotes Isoelectric point/pH
pI=1/2(pk1+pk2).

55. (These are few
Important
points on Amino
acids for any
Competetive
examination).

56. Thank
you,
Keep
Learning
and
Be
HAPPY!