Zambia/Mozambique/Comoros Island Feasibility Study

UNION COMOROS
FEASIBILITY STUDY of THE TM2500 UNITS
FOR PROPOSED 30MW TM2500 MOBILE GAS TURBINE PACKAGE
04th MAY 2016
Submitted By: EMPOWER STATION SERVICES LTD. / U.K.

Project Title :
UNION COMOROS
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF THE TM 2500
FOR PROPOSED 30MW TM2500 G.T.
Date of Feasibility :
Site Survey: 10th March 2016
Assessment Report:16th March 2016
Final Report : 22th April 2016
Assessment Team :
M.E. / Mechanical Engineer :: C.E. / Civil Engineer
S.S. / Site Survey :: F.A. / Financial Analysist
Contact Info :
Murat Cengiz, ( M. E. )
Ercan Sozer, ( C. E. )
Cem Altun, ( S. S. )
Bora Karadag, ( F. A. )

COMOROS ISLAND
FEASIBILITY STUDY
FOR PROPOSED TM2500 G.T. MOBILE POWER UNITS
EMPower Station Services Ltd. | Confidential www.empowerstationservices.com
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Foreword
EM Power Station Services Ltd. has been commissioned for the feasibility study of a joint
power sharing project. Our expertise in this field spans 41 years including
decommissioning, installation and commissioning of projects including mobile power all
over the world.
We are EM Power Station Services Ltd. and we provide new and second hand power
solutions worldwide, offering a complete turnkey solution for both permanent and
mobile power. Our fully qualified and time served engineers are able to handle every
aspect of your power requirements.
EM Power Station Services Ltd. is a privately held company providing turnkey
engineering, procurement, construction, aftermarket and consulting services, to
developers, owners and operators of trailer mounted power plants with both gas turbine
and medium speed engine solutions.
The Company can also provide the manpower required for project development,
feasibility studies, asset and surplus equipment valuation, environmental impact
assessment (EIA), engineering design, procurement, construction, commissioning and
eventual de-commissioning, dismantling and removal/recycling of such facilities usually
on a contract basis.

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1.1. Background Summary
The TM2500s are simply mobil power plants that is mounted trailers. The TM2500
solution can solve a number of industry challenges. These include, but are not limited to,
difficult access to the electric grid, an unstable grid, emergencies and natural disasters,
rapid demand growth such as large construction projects, as well as escalating electricity
prices and seasonal shortages.
Thanks to their modular concept, fast installation features and quick production chedules,
these units typically can be ready to enter into commercial operation approximately 30
days after your order is placed.
The plant assessment identifies how the latest technology could improve output,
efficiency or plant availability. It consists of three phases:
• Phase 1: Initial data collection and agreement of assessment scope
• Phase 2: Detailed data collection, analysis and recommendations
• Phase 3: Execution of improvements in line with your financial model
The result is improved plant profitability and performance of the plant.
This Feasibility Study will assess the technical, economic and financial feasibility of and aid
to understand all about for mobile power investment.

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Section - 1 : INTRODUCTION
Currently, more than 1.3 billion people
globally lack access to electricity. GE,
whose technologies already help deliver a
quarter of the world’s electricity, is working
to bridge the gap through a portfolio of
distributed power solutions. These
technologies enable industrial businesses,
developing communities and governments
to meet their energy needs by positioning power at, or near, the point of use. The
TM2500+ fast power solution from GE Power & Water‘s Distributed Power business
enables governments, utilities, and businesses around the world to fulfill their generation
requirements within days. Thanks to their modular concept, fast installation features
and quick production schedules, these units typically can be ready to enter into
commercial operation approximately 30 days after your order is placed.
The TM2500*+ fast power solution harnesses the highly successful TM2500*
aeroderivative gas turbine with more than 1,800 units deployed worldwide and aTMost 69
million hours of operation.
GE has developed the most powerful gas turbine with the highest efficiency of any engine
rated between 20 and 35MW. This translates into operational savings and increased
revenue potential for the customer’s operation.
Aeroderivative gas turbines possess certain technical features inherent in their design
heritage, offering significant operational and economic advantages to the end user.
These gas turbines are utilized in simple cycle, or integrated into cogeneration or
combined cycle arrangements or mechanical drive applications.

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Section - 1 : TM2500 POWER UNIT
1.1. TM2500 Aeroderivative Gas Turbine Generator:
1.1.1. Features Of The TM2500+ Fast Power Solution
The TM2500 is a mobile aeroderivative gas turbine generator set available for both 50
and 60 Hz applications that functions both as a fast power solution or for generating
backup power during natural disaster relief, plant shutdowns, or grid instability.
The TM 2500 is packaged on a four-trailer system with top-mounted inlet and exhaust
assemblies. The TM 2500 is easily transported by air, ship, rail, or tractor-trailer and can
be delivered to remote locations around the world.
The design of the GE TM 2500 offers quick-connect fittings to help with installation and
allow for rapid assembly and setup time. Assembly is often fully complete in just three
days.
With over 60,000 operating hours experience in a variety of applications, the TM 2500
can be easily converted from 50 to 60 Hz and offers dual fuel capability. Showcasing the
TM 2500 aero-derivative gas turbine with an air-cooled Brush, 2 pole generator and
brushless excitation, the TM 2500 remains a staple in the world of portable power
generation.
On-demand power plants delivered in weeks, not months, and commissioned in as few
as 11 days from parking the first trailer.
Mounted on a mobile, two-trailer assembly that can be transported via land, sea, or air
to remote locations.
The TM2500+ solution can be deployed more than 6 times faster than other
technologies.
Features Of The TM2500+ Fast Power Solution

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1.1.2. Benefits of a TM2500+ Solution
A- Speed: The development of a new power plant could entail months of
construction and commissioning. We can shorten that time from months to days
under most conditions. Once on the ground, these mobile units can generate
power in about 11 days.
B- Reliability & Availability: Due to our aviation legacy with the TM2500+ gas
turbine, GE‘s TM2500+ fast-power solution represents some of the most reliable
distributed power units available. That means consumers will not face frequent
interruptions and instabilities due to technical prob- lems related to faulty
equipment or an unstable electricity grid.
C- Dual Fuel Capability: TM2500+ solutions are capable of running on both natural
gas and/or diesel at an output of up to 31 MW with water injection for NOx
abatement.
D- Mobility: Mounted on a mobile, two-trailer assembly, TM2500+ generator sets
can be transported via land, sea, and air to some of the most remote places in the
world. Their mobile nature means that they can be swiftly deployed to other sites
within days when they are no longer required at the original site.
E- Flexibility: Extremely flexible, they have a sub 10-minute start cycle to full power.
F- Scalability: The technology is also scalable, allowing you to buy the number of
units you need with the option of adding more power quickly as demand increases.
G- Gradual Financing: Because large capital expenditure costs can be a barrier for
some projects, these units can be purchased gradually for financing ease. In
addition, they can be deployed where-ever demand exists without the need to
invest in capital-intensive transmission and distribution infrastructure.

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1.1.3. Typical Applications
The TM2500+ solution can solve a number of industry challenges. These include, but are
not limited to, difficult access to the electric grid, an unstable grid, emergencies and
natural disasters, rapid demand growth such as large construction projects, as well as
escalating electricity prices and seasonal shortages.
With more than 2,000 TM 2500 and TM 2500 units sold for use in power generation
applications worldwide, the GE TM & TM series turbine generators are the most
experienced & reliable turbine solutions available. Common uses include:
• Base load power generation stations for remote areas
• Supplemental power for peak shaving or managing seasonal demands
• Supplemental power due to local generation constraints (hydro shortages, plant
outages, etc.)
• Temporary power for power plants or for large-scale industrial or commercial
projects
• Maintenance outages, overhauls, or local T & D support
• Emergency power support following natural disasters

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1.1.4. System Configuration
A- Main Trailer: This is a modular system that consists of a main trailer, air filter
trailer, exhaust silencer trailer, and an auxiliary trailer. The Main Trailer contains a
General Electric turbine engine (Model TM2500), switchgear, and an air-cooled
generator connected through an engine-generator coupling. The turbine engine is
equipped to operate on natural gas or liquid fuel (dual fuel unit).
B- Auxiliary Equipment Trailers: Supplied with the Trailer mounted TM2500 set are
three support trailers that contain the air filtration and exhaust equipment, fuel
systems, lubricating systems, fire protection equipment, water wash, water
injection, and fogging systems. All interconnections between individual trailers are
included.
C- Air Inlet Filter Trailer: Contains the combustion and ventilation air filtration
equipment. Includes high-efficiency bag filters, ventilation fans and intake silencers.
Inlet ducting will have expansion capability to allow for additional silencing.
D- Exhaust Silencer Trailer: Contains the combustion exhaust silencer equipment,
including an expansion joint, transition, silencer elbow, and stack with standard
emission measurement ports. Exhaust ducting will have expansion capability for
additional silencing and have a flange designed for a deflector assembly (deflector
not included in scope )
E- Auxiliary Trailer: Contains the control house, lube oil cooler, hydraulic system,
water wash system, water injection pumps, natural gas filter, and fire protection
system.
F- Support System Equipment: The packaging of the Trailer mounted TM2500 set
includes a turbine generator control panel (TCP), digital generator protection relay
system, 400-V motor control center (MCC), and 24-and 125-VDC battery systems,
including battery racks and chargers. This equipment is contained in the control
house, located on the auxiliary trailer.

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G- Turbine-Generator Control System: The turbine-generator control and
monitoring systems regulate the lubrication, fuel supply, ventilation and cooling, fire
safety, and maintenance functions. Fuel supply is regulated by a computerized fuel
control and sequencer system. The control system monitors all operating systems
and initiates alarms and shutdowns when hazardous conditions occur. Manual
emergency shutdowns can be initiated with emergency stop buttons located on the
exterior of the main and auxiliary trailers, as well as at the TCP. The control system
is expandable to accept additional inputs, alarms, etc.

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1.1.5. Engine & Generator Specifications
A- Main Trailer: The turbine engine is mounted to a welded support platform that in turn,
is independently mounted to the forward half of the Main Trailer. Dry coupled to the
engine, the generator is mounted directly to the rear half of the trailer. This arrangement
enables engine/generator shaft alignment to be adjusted at the engine platform, while
the generator remains fixed. A
weatherproof, sound-deadening
enclosure houses the engine, which
can be removed for engine removal.
The air-cooled generator is
enclosed, and its ventilation air filter
box is mounted on top of the
housing. The TM2500 gas turbine
engine is the prime mover in the
trailer mounted TM2500 generator
set. This engine is a two-shaft design with the gas generator separate from the power
turbine stage. This decoupled design allows the power turbine to operate at a continuous
speed of 3,600 rpm, regardless of the gas generator speed. The torque developed in the
aerodynamically coupled power turbine is directly transferred to the rotor of the
alternating current (AC) generator through a flexible diaphragm coupling. The AC
generator operates at a synchronous speed of 3,600 rpm, eliminating the need for a
speed-reducing gearbox during simple-cycle operation.

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B- AC Generator: The Trailer mounted TM2500 set features a generator, which is a two
bearing machine equipped with a brushless rotating exciter and a permanent magnet
generator (PMG) on the non-drive end. Rating The AC generator operates at a
synchronous speed of 3,600 rpm and continuously supplies an output voltage of 13.8 kV
for this project, at a frequency of 60Hz and an 85% power factor (PF). Includes a
generator breaker with 40,000 amp interrupting capacity. The generator is designed for
outdoor use.
C- Coupling: The power turbine flange of the TM2500 turbine engine is directly coupled to
the generator rotor shaft with a disk-type, dry-diaphragm coupling. The coupling consists
of a hollow center shaft, which connects to the turbine shaft hub and the generator rotor
shaft hub by means of diaphragm packs made from thin metal disks that have been
stacked and riveted to a guard plate. The entire assembly has been drilled around the
outer diameter to accept the coupling hub bolts. The inner diameter of the diaphragm
pack has been clamped to the coupling center section by backing rings. The diaphragm
packs flex slightly to absorb vibration and some of the stresses associated with a varying
load. The coupling hubs and center section have been dynamically balanced at the factory
to eliminate vibration and then match marked to ensure proper assembly.
D- Turbine Lube Oil System: The TM2500 turbine is lubricated by a 150-gallon internal
pump and lubrication system. We provide an external lube oil system to filter, cool, and
de-aerate the lube oil discharged from the internal system. The external system is fed by
a scavenge pump, which is driven by the turbine accessory gearbox whenever the turbine
gas generator is rotating. Instruments and Controls Lube oil pressures and temperatures
at critical points are displayed on externally mounted instruments that permit both local
and remote observations. Gauges and pressure switches in the system have been
installed with a needle valve in the instrument sensing line to permit replacement and
calibration without disturbing the lube oil flow. The system piping has been provided with
manually operated ball valves to isolate components for repairs and maintenance.

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E- Generator Lube Oil System: The lube oil system provides pressurized lubrication to the
generator bearings. The major components of the lubrication system are as follows:
• Lube oil storage reservoir, 150 gallon capacity
• Generator-driven lube oil pump
• DC motor-driven auxiliary lube oil pump
• Generator lube oil heat exchanger
• Lube oil filter assembly
E-1- Generator-Driven Lube Oil Pump: The generator rotor shaft directly drives this
pump, mounted to the exciter end of the generator housing, and supplies lube oil to
the bearings at the normal operational shaft speed (3,600 or 3,000 rpm). Because
its efficiency decreases at lower shaft speeds, an auxiliary pump to ensure adequate
lubricating oil flow during startups and shutdowns must supplement the pump.
Auxiliary Lube Oil Pump The auxiliary pump supplies oil to the generator bearings
for the first 5 minutes of startup, during shutdowns, and in case of generator-driven
pump failure. This pump is driven by a 2-hp, 125VDC, motor, and is controlled by
the turbine sequencer in the TCP. The sequencer monitors the lube oil system
pressure and generator shaft speed, and activates the auxiliary pump during
generator startups, shutdowns, and any other time that the lube oil pressure drops
to 12 psig. An alarm sounds should the auxiliary pump activate with the generator
turning at normal operating speed. Instruments and Controls Each gauge and
pressure switch has been installed with a needle valve in the sensing line to permit
replacement and calibration without disrupting oil flow. Manually operated ball
valves have been provided to isolate components for repairs and maintenance.
F- Fuel Injection System: The trailer mounted TM2500 generator set operates on gaseous
or liquid fuel. The supply systems include engine components and off-engine components
and piping. In the gaseous fuels system, ball valves have been installed to isolate the
pressure control and pressure monitoring components for repair and replacement. The
turbine generator electronic-control system controls the valves that regulate the supply
of gaseous fuel. Under control of the fuel sequencer software and hardware, electrically
actuated flow control valves meter gas fuel into the combustor via the gas manifold. The

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gas fuel system controls customer supplied gas fuel for application to the turbine
combustor via the primary gas manifold connected to the fuel nozzles. Gas fuel must
meet fuel quality requirements.
This system receives customer provided gaseous fuel at the maximum rate of 250 MMBtu
per hour, at pressures between 365 and 405 psig, and temperatures not exceeding 250 F.
The gas is pre-filtered to 3 micron. The fuel-metering valve is installed with an electrically
controlled, proportional actuator that is controlled by signals from the TCP. The fuel
metering valve is a rotary sleeve-and-shoe throttling valve. The metering port area is
determined by input shaft positioning from the actuator. The valve is spring-loaded to the
minimum fuel direction, so that loss of signal and loss of power situations will cause a fuel
shutdown. The valve is capable of metering 50-40,000 PPH of natural gas. The fuel-
metering valve actuator is an electrically controlled device. In the actuator, a torque
motor servo valve is energized by the electric control (from the TCP) to generate a
pressure differential applied to operate the spool valve. Supply pressure is regulated by
the spool valve to move a double acting servo piston and provide terminal shaft output.
Internal mechanical feedback is standard the system also uses the electrical position
feedback transducer for fail-safe operation.

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G- Water Systems: Turbine Water Wash System Optimal performance is achieved by
periodically cleaning compressor stages of the gas turbine. The water wash system
provides for washing the turbines when the turbine has been shut down for maintenance
(off-line water washing). Off-line water washing may not be initiated until engine surface
temperature is <200 F.
Exhaust Collector Drain Significant amounts of flammable liquids and water wash solution
may accumulate in the turbine exhaust collector. The exhaust collector drain system
eliminates these accumulations to ensure safe starts. A flexible drain line routes
accumulations from the collector to the fuel drain line through pneumatically operated
drain valve
H- H-

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H- Hydraulic Start System: The hydraulic start system turns the engine and is capable of
starting it for fuel purging, water washing, and conducting maintenance. The hydraulic
start unit is located on the auxiliary trailer and consists of a reservoir, filters, heat
exchanger, charge pump and motor, cooler pump and motor, and electrically operated
valve providing pressurized hydraulic fluid to the variable-displacement pump, and a
hydraulic starter motor mounted on the starter drive pad of the turbine auxiliary gearbox.
This hydraulic starter motor turns the engine. Two operating speeds are provided: a low
speed for water washing and maintenance, and a high speed for turbine starting and fuel
purging. Engine speed can be controlled from the TCP. Local gauges allow for monitoring
of the hydraulic charge pump and main system pressures, and fluid levels. Hydraulic fluid
is stored in a 40 gallon stainless steel tank equipped with sight level gauge and
thermometer; low temperature switch; fluid level switch; thermostatically controlled
immersion heaters; and a 200-mesh, hydraulic pump suction strainer with an integrated
bypass valve. Hydraulic Start Charge Pump .The charge pump replenishes lost fluids in the
hydraulic pump case and in the main pump, closed-loop hydraulic system.
I- Combustion And Ventilation Air System: The combustion and ventilation air system of
the Trailer mounted TM2500 generator set supplies filtered combustion air for turbine
engine operation and filtered ventilation air for the turbine enclosure. The trailer-
mounted air filter module supplies combustion air to the gas turbine and ventilation air to
the turbine enclosure. The air filter trailer is equipped with moisture eliminators, pre-
filter pads, bag filters, and ventilation fans. The ventilation fans force filtered air into the
turbine compartment for ventilation and cooling purposes. The gas turbine engine draws
filtered air from the air filter trailer for turbine combustion while ventilation fans in the
air filter trailer force ventilation air into the turbine enclosure. The airflow is provided as
two discrete streams: one stream provides a 120,000-scfm airflow for the combustion in
the turbine engine; the other provides a 30,000-scfm airflow for turbine compartment
ventilation. Fire Control System, a CO2 actuated damper in the ventilation exhaust
silencer assembly helps to extinguish fires and prevent gas explosions. Should a fire occur,
the damper automatically seals the turbine enclosure, terminating the oxygen flow
required for combustion. The fire suppression and gas detection system for the trailer
mounted TM2500 generator set monitors the turbine engine enclosure for the presence
of fire and accumulation of combustible gas. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is used as the fire-

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extinguishing agent for the Main Trailer. The fire suppression and gas detection system
consists of a programmable microprocessor controlled panel that receives inputs from
thermal spot detectors, combustible gas detectors, and manual release stations.
J- Vibration Monitoring System: A vibration monitoring system shall be installed in
cubicle 2 of the TCP to notify the operator of excessive vibration in the turbine engine and
generator. The system comprises six vibration-monitoring elements and an instrument
rack with built-in power supply relays, and four vibration-monitoring instruments.
K- Generator Excitation And Regulation System:
This system provides the power required to raise the generator output voltage to rated
level during startups and to maintain this output during fluctuating load conditions in the
unit. The generator excitation system contains the following components:
• Brushless Rotary Exciter – mounted on the generator
• Rotating Rectifier Assembly – mounted on the generator rotor
• Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) – mounted on the generator
• Modular Automatic Voltage Regulator (MAVR)
• Excitation Mode Switch
Motor Control Center (MCC) - The MCC distributes 400-VAC power to motors, heaters
and lighting circuits. The MCC is designed to allow automatic or manual control of high
power circuits using low-voltage control circuits. During manual control, power is
switched to the load immediately. When the circuit is under automatic control, TCP-
control circuits will switch power to, or remove power from, the load when sensors
detect the need.

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Performance Graphic @50 Hz.

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L- Electronic Control System: The Trailer mounted TM2500 generator set is operated
through use of an electronic- control system. This system comprises computerized-control
subsystems installed in the TCP. The microprocessors and digital logic circuitry in these
subsystems provide the speed and autonomy of operation required for sage, efficient
operational control. Two major system components are as follows:
L-1- Sequencer
The sequencer controls the order and timing of critical events in the operation of
the trailer mounted TM2500 generator set. It issues operating commands to the
control subsystems in response to data received from the sensors and detectors in
the equipment and trailer mounted TM2500 subsystems.
L-2 - Fuel Supply Manager
The fuel manager controls the operation of the turbine fuel systems. The purpose of
the fuel manager is to maintain a constant generator output frequency. The fuel
manager achieves this goal by regulating fuel flow to hold generator speed at a
constant 3,000 rpm under all load conditions, including no-load, full-load, and load-
fluctuating operation. The fuel manager also:
• Manages the matching of generator output frequency to the frequency of
utility power for automatic synchronization and paralleling;
• Controls the acceleration and deceleration of the gas turbine engine by
varying the fuel flow; and
• Initiates, regulates, and terminates fuel flows into the gas turbine engine.
M- Battery And Battery Charger Systems: Separate battery and battery charger systems
furnish DC power for Trailer mounted TM2500 genset operation. Two separate 24-VDC
systems provide backup power for the turbine control system and fires suppression and
gas detection system, respectively. A 125-VDC system provides backup power for the DC
lube oil pumps. Batteries for the 24-VDC system are stored on battery racks in the control
house of the auxiliary trailer. The batteries are Ni-Cad and the control house is adequately
ventilated.

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N- Testing: The generator is tested at the factory. Upon completion of installation and
start up, the unit shall be tested to demonstrate compliance with the performance,
emissions, and acoustic guarantees listed in this proposal. We shall prepare performance
test procedures and submit them to the Customer for review and approval with the final
design drawings. The performance test procedures shall include correction curves and
test calculation details. We will be responsible for providing technical assistance.
Customer shall provide fuel, operations personnel, field personnel, testing equipment,
and any consumables required for the performance test. Customer shall be responsible
for the cost of all emissions testing.
O- Drawings, Data and Manuals: The package is supplied with a customer drawing
package that includes general arrangement drawings, flow and instrument diagrams,
electrical one-line drawings and interconnection plan. Additional electrical schematic
diagrams and logic drawings are provided for record. Operations & Maintenance manuals
are provided, printed in the English language. The manuals cover operating concepts for
power generating equipment, guides to troubleshooting, basic information on
components, and equipment within the turbine generator set.

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1.1.6. Assembly
A-) Erection

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• Lube Oil Skid, Hydraulic Skid, Fuel Control, Water Wash Skid, Control System,
Battery Room, Main Circuit Breaker, Transformer, Gen. Cooling Air Duct
• Weight = 65,000
• Dimensions = L 48’ x W 8’ 6” x H 13’ 6”
• Contains control system components, and all auxiliary systems
• Advanced control system and Ethernet connection allows for desktop PC control
of entire start cycle and auto-synchronization
• Multiple units can be brought on line simultaneously
• Units are equipped with remote monitoring and diagnostics capability.

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B-) Footprint

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C- Site Preperation
 Quick disconnect lines between trailers
 All lines neatly stowed and pre- connected where possible
 Designed for 3-day set-up where infrastructure is in place
 Drawings and detailed requirements allow for site preparation in advance of
genset arrival
 Minimal site preparation required
 Loading may require some foundation modifications
 Fuel, water, electrical connections all tie into Aux Trailers
 Low elevation profile
 (20 ft. max. height)

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D- High Voltage Substation & Mobile Solution

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1.7. Plant Operating Philosophy
1.7.1. Introduction
This section describes the startup, on-line operation and shutdown of a gas turbine unit.
The following paragraphs briefly describe the general operating philosophy and
operator’s responsibilities for gas turbine unit operation. The description is of a general
nature. Specifics may vary pending detail design definition.
Having only been able to obtain limited maps of the transmission system in Comoros
further investigations will be required. Our MV-HV Electricity Department can make
detailed engineering analysis related to infrastructure and structure of transmission lines.
• The mobile units with step-up transformers that provide 154/132 kV & 50-60 Hz as
the nominal output.
• Connected to land-based transformers ( a substation ) that send electricity to
domestic consumers.
1.7.2. Gas Turbine Unit Mode of Operation
The gas turbine unit can be started from the control panel of the gas turbine control
system. Plant permissive circuits must be satisfied that the unit is capable of coming to
full speed and synchronizing to the system. Systems must be placed in the ready to start
mode
• MCC breakers set in automatic mode.
• Cooling water module local disconnect switches closed.
• Fuel systems mode ready.
• Gas turbine/generator permissive to start systems ready.
1.7.3. Starting and Loading
All starting is done automatically, with the operator given the opportunity to hold the
startup sequence at either the crank (pre-ignition) or fire (postignition, pre-accelerate)
points of the startup. An Auto mode selection results in a start without any holds. Either
before issuing a start command, or during the start, the operator may make the following
selections: Select or disable the automatic synchronization capability of the gas turbine
control system. Auto synch utilizes the proven microsynchronizer first introduced in the
SPEEDTRONICTM controller. The micro-synchronizer provides extremely accurate and

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repeatable breaker closures based on phase angle, slip, slip rate of change and the
response time of the breaker which is stored in the system memory. Selection of Pre-
selected (Intermediate) Load or Base Load. If a selection is made, the unit will
automatically load to the selected point and control there. If no selection is made, the
unit will load to a low load referred to as Spinning Reserve after synchronization. The
turbine governor is automatically regulated to maintain the megawatt setting assigned to
Spinning Reserve.
1.7.4. Operating
Once the unit is on line, it may be controlled either manually or automatically from the
Gas turbine control system operator interface.
Manual control is provided by the governor raise / lower control displayed on the
operator interface screen. Automatic operation is switched on when the operator selects
load points (pre-select or base) from the turbine control interface.
For a fully automatic start with automatic loading to Base load, the operator selects the
“Auto” operating mode, enables auto synchronization and selects “Base” load. Given a
“Start” signal, the unit will then start, synchronize and load to Base load with no further
input on the part of the operator.
1.7.5. Shutdown
On shutdown, the system will automatically unload, coast down and initiate slow speed rotation
until proper wheel space cool down temperatures are reached.
1.8. Hook up Requirements
• Live Gas or Diesel Feed Line (Available On Site)
• Gas Filtering & Reducing and Metering Skid
• Necessary Fuel, Water Storages & Tanks
• Water Feed Line & Buffer Tanks
• Electrical Quick Connect Skid & Transmissions Lines

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1.9. Recommendations and Conclusions
As noted we feel that the said proposed site should be included in any future meetings as
this proposed site would expedite a hook up with relative ease. The proposed site also
makes operational procedures including health and safety and training a very attractive
site meeting almost all the requirements to successfully in this project to fruition. The
area would allow for a further development of an on shore power station of around ......
MW should this arise. Being close to the port it allows easy access for containers for
equipment and spare parts.
1.10. Conclusions
As experts in this field, our professional evaluation of the site could mean if all parties
were in agreement an ideal site has now been found.
Feasibility study carried out by:
Richard Moore

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UNION COMOROS

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Section -2 UNION COMOROS
The Comoros archipelago,
located in the northern part
of the Mozambique Channel
between Madagascar and
East Africa is comprised of
four islands, high Comoros
(Ngazidja) Moheli (Mwali),
Anjouan ( Ndzouani and
Mayotte (Maoré). These
islands of recent volcanic
origin have never been in
contact with any other land
mass and are isolated from
each other by deep pits underwater, which explains the high levels of endemism and
specific under specific observed there . they arose at different times, Mayotte is the
oldest (3 to 4 million years on) and big recent (10 000 to 13 000 years) Comoros, which
each distinct biophysical characteristics confers.
2.1. Country Profile / • Brief
 4 volcanic island archipelago in north access of
 Mozambique Channel, Indian Ocean
 400km to the northwest of the Madagascar Island
 300km to the East Cost of Africa
 Tropical marine climate
 Population: ~750,000
 Official languages: Arabic, French
 Capital: Moroni
 Per capita GDP: $600
 The Comorian franc (Kmf), 1Euro=491Kmf
 Major exports: vanilla, cloves, essential oils
 Major goverment focus on tourism development

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2.2. Islands
2.3. Major Economic Activities
• Agriculture contributes 40% to the Comoros GDP. It employs 80% of the workforce
and provides most of its the exports, essential oils, vanilla and spices
• Ylang -Ylang essential oil production is an integral part of the countries, economy,
heritage and culture.
• Ironically it is also an important destructive factor of its forest and a responsible of
a huge portion of its greenhouse gas emissions.
• Wood is used as energy in the distillation process of essential oils.
• As an islands nation fisheries is also major activity but lack of reliable and stable
energy, there’s no any transformation or conservation industries
• Tourism could also be a major income sector but with the reason mentioned
above and lack if infrastructure tourism is underdeveloped
2.4. Existing Power Energy Sources
The energy situation in the Comoros is characterized by the use of wood and petroleum
products. Petroleum products are used as fuel in the transport transformed into
electricity. Transport accounts for about 60% of petroleum products, services and
industrial residential share the other party. The production ofelectricity in the Comoros is
essentially thermal (diesel), with the exception of three hydro, including three at the
island of Anjouan (610 kW) and six at the island of Moheli (838KW). While the Comorian
basement contains no known oilfield and petroleum products are imported. The installed
capacity in the three islands of the Comoros is in the order of 26 MW for a 11 MW peak.
Losses in transmission and distribution are high and represent
Island Area
Grande Comore (Ngazidja) 1 148 km2
Anjouan (Ndzuwani) 424 km2
Moheli (Mwali) 290 km2
Mayotte(maore) 308km2

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Electricity production, transmission and distribution is carried out by MA-MWE for Grand
Comore and Moheli and by EDA for Anjouan. MA-MWE and EDA purchase diesel for
power generation from the Societe Comorienne des Hydrocarbures (or SCH), a fully
Government owned entity. SCH in turn has a long-term contract to purchase diesel from
overseas. The Government fixes the price of diesel and electricity within Comoros.

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In terms of quality of service, power supply is sporadic, of the order of 6 to 20 hours per
day depending on whether consuming in a rural part of Grand Comore or in Moroni.
Service is better in Anjouan, where typical service is up to 20 hours per day. Supply is
affected by availability of diesel (due to the poor financial situation of sector), availability
of generation and quality of transmission and distribution. Access rates are 60% in Grand
Comore, 50% in Anjouan and 20% in Moheli.
Electricity demand in terms of energy and capacity has increased in the past much faster
than GDP and population of the Comoros: while GDP (Gross Domestic Product) grew by
2% per year on average and the population of 2.1 % per year, electricity consumption
increased by 8% per year in Grande Comoros and Moheli and 13% per year in Anjouan.
• Grand Comore 12 diesel generators 11,670 KW
• Moheli 6 diesel generators 1,200 KW
• Anjouan 6 diesel generators 3,780 KW
• Hydro not operational
• Solar not available
• Total installed capacity 24,955 KW
• Total available capacity 16,650 KW
• Losses in transmission and distribution are high 48%
• Electricity demand gas increased at a much faster pace than the GDP and the
population of the Comoros.

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2.5. Energy Agenda
 In terms of energy use, it is estimated that biomass (wood and charcoal) currently
makes up tom 70% of energy use in the Comoros
 30% of the total energy consumption are used as fuel in transportation and
electricity.
 As a small island state the Comoros faces inherent difficulties in fuel
transportation and lacks of economies for power generation.
 Access to the electricity grid in the Comoros is above 50%, 60% in Grand Comore,
20% in Moheli, 50% in Anjouan
 However users get unreliable electricity for most of the day.
 As of 2013, the total installed capacity in the three islands was in the order of
25MW composed by dieselbased generation (99,6%) and hydor-based (0.04%)
2.6. Electricity Tariffs in the Comoros
 Domestic usage (low voltage) $ 0.36
 Industrial usage (Medium voltage) $ 0.28
 The average electricity tariff $ 0.33
 Average tariff is high compared to most Sub-Saharan countries
2.7. Financial and Economic Performance
For financial analysis, estimated “with project” and “without project” cash-flows have
been developed for MA-MWE and EDA power corporations. All projections were based on
the 2013 price index in USD, using a 10% real discount rate and spread over a 25-year
operating period. The financial internal rate of return is 20.4%. The positive net present
value indicates that the additional investment is financially viable. The net present
economic value stands at USD 10.7 million at 12% of the actual economic capital cost. The
economic internal rate of return (EIRR) is 22%, which indicates that the investment
project will have a positive impact on the economy of the Comoros.
Sensitivity analyses were conducted by varying a number of key project assumptions to
assess their potential impact on the financial and economic viability. They showed that
investment costs have a moderate impact on project economic and financial viability.

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Specifically, a 30% increase in investment costs would have a negative impact on the
project, making it unacceptable. However, these costs will be controlled by means of a
prudent procurement process and through timely implementation of the operation. Also,
they showed that the estimated maintenance cost will not have any significant impact on
the project. Lastly, maintaining fuel costs at an acceptable level is essential to the long-
term viability. The results indicate that a 20% increase in fuel costs may make the project
unsustainable in the long run and cancel out its economic benefits. At the operational
level, the risk of high fuel costs may be resolved by means of efficient use of resources,
made possible by this project.
2.8. Environmental and Social Impact
According to AfDB procedures, the project is classified as Category 2. The rehabilitation
and expansion of electricity production units will be performed within premises of
existing facilities and other plants, and will therefore have only minimal environmental
impact, limited in time (construction phase) and in space (within the confines of plants).
The environmental and social impact of the rehabilitation and extension of the MV/LV
network will be felt especially during the construction phase. An Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP) was prepared in March 2013. The environmental impact
concerns the risk of soil, water and air pollution. Impact associated with the loss of
biological resources will be very limited, given the positioning of MV lines which will
essentially run along the right-of-way and far removed from protected areas or areas of
high ecologically value. The location of the poles or pylons of MV/LV lines will not be an
obstacle to the movement of wildlife or livestock, but will present the risk of electric
shock and affect bats and large birds. During the works construction phase, companies
will have the responsibility to take into account the recommendations set out in the
Environmental and Social Management Plan. In addition, the project will provide the
authorities with an international consultant to assist in the Security, Environmental and
Social domain, and support teams in implementing the ESMP.
It is worth noting that in the Comoros, most environmental constraints are related to
ecological and economic fragility, high vulnerability to climate change and natural
disasters, low responsive and management capacity, as well as the narrow resource base

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and high energy costs. The locally-sourced biomass covers two-thirds of the energy needs,
especially for families (fuel wood). Any disruption of supply (or overcharge) increases
deforestation and paralyzes activities in the country (including the food supply). Any
hazard impacting the supply of energy affects its availability and cost locally. The current
demand is low (few processing industries), but it will increase with the country’s
development. The recommendations of the study on the vulnerability of the Comoros
Islands to climate change (Asconit, March 2011) are based on the development of an
energy strategy and the promotion of renewable energy. The project envisages studies on
the renewable energy potential of the Comoros Islands. Energy promotion will help to
minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and mitigate climate change.
In rural areas, women's activities are primarily focused on agricultural production. These
activities suffer huge losses in yield and income due to weaknesses in the supply of
electricity required for operating cold storage equipment and the mechanized irrigation
of offseason crops. Owing to frequent power cuts, artisanal activities are deprived of the
energy required for drinking water supply (operation of boreholes), lighting (security and
nightlife) or the operation of working tools (used for grinding or pounding cassava, maize,
rice (very repetitive chores), sewing and embroidery, hairstyling, soap-making, dyeing,
literacy, the running of health and cultural centres (video, games, media, recharge of
mobile phones, etc.)
Electricity supply will create jobs and sources of income for women who will actively
participate in development and the organization of women-owned artisanal and
commercial activities, thereby improving their living standards. Home comfort and
domestic hygiene, the preserve of women, also require proper lighting and energy supply
to run equipment (water supply, refrigerators, TV, radio, telephones, videogame
consoles, etc.).
Women will also derive benefits from awareness programmes resulting from the project.
The mechanization of repetitive tasks will ease women’s back-breaking chores. The free
time thus made available will enable them to have access to informal education and
engage in other more rewarding activities. Children will also benefit, thanks to improved
maternal care and a more motivating learning environment.

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The major positive impact of the project is that it will provide MA-MWE and EDA with a
reliable source of electricity, thereby minimizing untimely load shedding. Securing energy
supply will have a very significant positive impact on the socioeconomic activities of
residents in the project impact areas, especially with the new network extensions. The
new MV/LV lines will help businesses cope with growing energy demand and will thus
produce “economic impacts” and “social impacts” conducive to economic growth. Petty
traders and craftsmen will better equip themselves, diversify their professional activities
and provide better quality services. Agricultural production will benefit from the round-
the-clock operation of cold storage chains; processed foods (canned vegetables, tomato
puree, fruit juice, etc.) and livestock products (meat, milk, butter, curd, etc.) will be better
promoted. The losses currently suffered for want of conservation facilities will be
substantially reduced. Currently, livestock activities, market gardening (processing of
tomatoes and other vegetables; preservation of fresh vegetables, etc.) and fruit farming
suffer huge production losses because they cannot develop without cold storage facilities
fed by a reliable power supply system.
Moreover, the project will favour the use of local labour during works and subcontracting
to local artisans. Before the start of works, local residents will be notified of temporary
constraints regarding access to certain sites, following the worksite organization, for
safety reasons. During the project implementation phase, national enterprises will be
responsible for executing some project-related works. These works are estimated at
approximately 5% of the total project cost.

COMOROS ISLAND
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Pozitif | Confidential www.empowerstationservices.com
Page1
ANNEXES
ANNEX - 01 : TM2500 FACT SHEET
ANNEX - 02 : TM2500 FUEL & WATER REQUIREMENTS
ANNEX - 03 : SCOPE OF SUPPLY AND WORKS
ANNEX - 04 : SWICTHYARD
ANNEX - 05 : PERIODICAL MAINTENANCE SHEET
ANNEX - 06 : BOP SPECIFICATIONS
ANNEX - 07 : TOOLS CONTAINER
ANNEX - 08 : SITE REQUIREMENTS
ANNEX - 09 : REPORT TEMPLATES
PREPARED BY EM-POWER STATION SERVICVES ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

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ANNEX - 01
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
COMOROS ISLAND
FEASIBILITY STUDY
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ANNEX - 01
COMOROS ISLAND
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ANNEX - 01

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Typical Package Specifications
This section lists the general descriptions, capacities, and capabilities for the MGTG set,
including associated support systems. Specifications are subject to design review meeting
and OEM availability.
The General Electric LM2500 is an industrial and marine gas turbine produced by GE
Aviation. The LM2500 is a derivative of the General Electric CF6 aircraft engine.
The LM2500 is available in 3 different versions:
• The LM2500 delivers 33,600 shaft horsepower (shp) (25,060 kW) with a thermal
efficiency of 37 percent at ISO conditions. When coupled with an electric
generator, it delivers 24 MW of electricity at 60 Hz with a thermal efficiency of 36
percent at ISO conditions.
• The improved, 3rd generation, LM2500+ version of the turbine delivers 40,500 shp
(30,200 kW) with a thermal efficiency of 39 percent at ISO conditions. When
coupled with an electric generator, it delivers 29 MW of electricity at 60 Hz with a
thermal efficiency of 38 percent at ISO conditions.
• The latest, 4th generation, LM2500+G4 version was introduced in November 2005
and delivers 47,370 shp (35,320 kW) with a thermal efficiency of 39.3 percent at
ISO conditions.
Product Features
I. Top-Class power generation efficiencies in the world
II. High reliability founded on abundant experiences in the field
III. Capability to start up and shut down gas turbine at rapid speed with aircraft
engine technology
IV. Dual-Fuel : Capability to use both gas fuels and liquid fuels
V. Capability to prepare and deliver gas turbine in short time
VI. Availability of burners with low NOx emissions for selection
VII. Light weight, compact size, and ease of maintenance
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ISO conditions.
Product Features
engine technology
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ISO conditions.
Product Features
engine technology

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Gas Turbine Engine
a)Manufacturer.................................................................................... General Electric (GE)
b)Model No: ...................................................................................................... TM2500 ....
c)Serial No .....................................................................................................See Nameplate
d)Type ............................................................................................................... Gas Turbine
e)Engine Weight (Complete) ................................................................................ 11,500 lb.
f) Start System................................................................................Hydraulic, variable speed
g) Normal Power Turbine Speed............................................................................ 3600 rpm
h) Gas Generator Speed, Maximum Rated ............................................................ 9500 rpm
AC Generator
a) Manufacturer................................................................................... Brush or equiv.(BEM)
b)Model No. ............................................................................................... / .....................
d)Type ................................................................................................................. Air Cooled
e)Power Factor ................................................................................................................. 85
f)Voltage ............................................................................................................13.8 kV 50hz
g) Frequency............................................................................................................. 50 Hz 3ø
Turbine Hydraulic Starter System
a) Hydraulic Pump Manufacturer.............................................................. Sauer Sundstrand
b)Hydraulic Pump Model No. ........................... /...................................................................
c) Hydraulic Pump Capacity................................................................... 65 gpm @ 5200 psig
d) Hydraulic Starter Motor Manufacturer............................................................ Marathon
e) Hydraulic Starter Motor Model No.............................................. / ...................................
f) Hydraulic Reservoir Capacity................................................................................. 40 gal.
g) Hydraulic Filters ........................................................................10-μ element with bypass
h) Cooler Pump Manufacturer ............................................................................ Sundstrand
i) Cooler Pump Model .......................................................................................... /.............
j) Hydraulic Fluid Specification ...................................................... MIL-H-17672 / ISO-VG46
k) Heat Exchanger Manufacturer.............................................................................. / ..........
l) Heat Exchanger Model......................................................................................... / ............
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Gas Turbine Engine
b)Model No: ...................................................................................................... TM2500 ....
AC Generator
b)Model No. ............................................................................................... / .....................
d)Type ................................................................................................................. Air Cooled
e)Power Factor ................................................................................................................. 85
f)Voltage ............................................................................................................13.8 kV 50hz
g) Frequency............................................................................................................. 50 Hz 3ø
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Gas Turbine Engine
b)Model No: ...................................................................................................... TM2500 ....
AC Generator
b)Model No. ............................................................................................... / .....................
d)Type ................................................................................................................. Air Cooled
e)Power Factor ................................................................................................................. 85
f)Voltage ............................................................................................................13.8 kV 50hz
g) Frequency............................................................................................................. 50 Hz 3ø

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Ventilation and Combustion Air System
a)Total Airflow .............................................................................................. 150,000 scfm
b)Turbine Intake .............................................................................................. 20,000 scfm
c)Turbine Compartment ...................................................................................30,000 scfm
d) Air Inlet Filtration System
• Manufacturer........................................................................................................Self
• Model No. ............................................................................................................N/A
• Ventilation Fan Manufacturer ......................................................... TCF Aerovent
• Ventilation Fan Model No ....................................................... FTFA –06-056-3-1-42
• Pre-Filters P/N. ........................................................................................ SNP/L1127
• Bag Filters P/N. ...................................................................................... SN7S/L1127
e)Exhaust Silencer Trailer
• Manufacturer .............................................................................................. McGuffy
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... J04550
Gaseous Fuel System
a) Input Required................................................. 250 MMBtu/hr natural gas, filtered to 3 μ
b)Supply Pressure .............................................................................................365–405 psig
c) Supply Temperature ...............................................................................250 °F, maximum
d)Filter Manufacturer ............................................................................................... / .........
e)Filter Model No....................................................................... / .........................................
f)Gas Fuel Flow-Control Valve
• Manufacturer........................................................................................... Woodward
• Model No ................................................................................................ / ...............
Liquid Fuel System
a) Input Required ....................................................................... 40 GPM, filtered to 10 μ
b) Supply Pressure................................................................................................. 20-40 psig
c) Filter Manufacturer .......................................................................................... / ..............
d) Filter Model No................................................................................... / ............................
e) Liquid Fuel Flow-Control Valve
• Manufacturer .......................................................................................... Woodward
• Model No. ........................................................................................................... TBD
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• Model No. ............................................................................................................N/A
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... J04550
Gaseous Fuel System
e)Filter Model No....................................................................... / .........................................
• Model No ................................................................................................ / ...............
Liquid Fuel System
d) Filter Model No................................................................................... / ............................
• Model No. ........................................................................................................... TBD
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• Model No. ............................................................................................................N/A
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... J04550
Gaseous Fuel System
e)Filter Model No....................................................................... / .........................................
• Model No ................................................................................................ / ...............
Liquid Fuel System
d) Filter Model No................................................................................... / ............................
• Model No. ........................................................................................................... TBD

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Generator Lube Oil System
a) Reservoir Capacity ................................................................................................. 150 gal
b) Supply Filter Rating ............................................................................................. 6 μ, abs
c) Supply Filter .......................................................................... Hilliard, 01518-0150-1001
d)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
e) Heat Exchanger Manufacturer/Model ............................................... Honeywell/TT-530
f) DC Lube Oil Pump Manufacturer/Model ........................................ Whitton / ................
g) Mechanical Pump Manufacturer/Model ............................... IMO / .................................
Turbine Lube Oil System
a) Reservoir Capacity.................................................................................................. 150 gal
b) Supply Filter Rating.............................................................................................. 6 μ, abs
c) Supply Filter........................................................................... Hilco, ..............................
d) Scavenge Filter Rating .......................................................................................... 6 μ, abs
e) Scavenge Filter........................................................................ Hilco, ................................
f)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
g)Heat Exchanger Manufacturer/Model No............................................ Honeywell / .......
h) Lube Oil Specification ............................................................ MIL-L-23699 or MIL-L-7808
Fire Suppression and Gas Detection System
a) Manufacturer ..................................................................................... Terra/ Wilson Fire
b) Model No. ...................................................................................... WFCP8001I1RAFM20
c) Fire Suppressant .......................................................................................... CO2 system
d) Thermal Spot Detectors ........................................................ Two, 450 °F plus rate of rise
e) Combustible Gas Detector ......................................... Three, analog, methane-detecting
Turbine Water Wash System
a)Water Supply Pressure................................................................................... 15–65 psig
b)Tank Capacity .......................................................................................................... 40 gal
c) Filter..................................................................................................................... 40 μ, abs
d) Detergent............................................................... Added in solution with water wash in
proportions as specified by manufacturer of detergent
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d)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
f)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
c) Filter..................................................................................................................... 40 μ, abs
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d)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
f)Cooling ................................................................................................................. Fin/Fan
c) Filter..................................................................................................................... 40 μ, abs

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Control Systems
Fuel Control System
a) Manufacturer .................................................................................................. Woodward
b) Model No. ..................................................................................................... Netcon 5000
c) Modular Automatic Voltage Regulator
• Manufacturer........................................................................................................ FKI
• Rotating Machines Model No. ............................................................... 9650114305
d) Integrated Generator Protection
• Manufacturer.............................................................................................. Beckwith
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... M-3420
e) Vibration Monitor
• Manufacturer ............................................................................... AB/Bently Nevada
• Model No. .......................................................................................................... 3300
f) Interface Computer
Manufacturer.................................................................................................................. TBD
Motor Control Center
a)Manufacturer ........................................................................................ General Electric
b)Model No. ........................................................................................................... 8000
Switchgear
a)Manufacturer .............................................................................................. / ....................
b)Model No. ............................................................................................................. / ...........
c)Step-Up ..................................................................................................... 11,5kV to .........
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Control Systems
Fuel Control System
b) Model No. ..................................................................................................... Netcon 5000
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... M-3420
• Model No. .......................................................................................................... 3300
b)Model No. ........................................................................................................... 8000
Switchgear
a)Manufacturer .............................................................................................. / ....................
b)Model No. ............................................................................................................. / ...........
c)Step-Up ..................................................................................................... 11,5kV to .........
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Control Systems
Fuel Control System
b) Model No. ..................................................................................................... Netcon 5000
• Model No. ..................................................................................................... M-3420
• Model No. .......................................................................................................... 3300
b)Model No. ........................................................................................................... 8000
Switchgear
a)Manufacturer .............................................................................................. / ....................
b)Model No. ............................................................................................................. / ...........
c)Step-Up ..................................................................................................... 11,5kV to .........

Zambia/Mozambique/Comoros Island ** Feasibility Study **

Zambia/Mozambique/Comoros Island Feasibility Study

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