Course title: Medical Microbiology Course code: MBIO-210 Group members name: 1)Sumaia. 2)Ayesha Akter. 3)MD.Anwar Hossen. 4)Shanta islam. 5)Mst.Nasrin akter. 6)MD.Asadujjaman. 7)MD.Azizul Haque.

1. PRESENTATION ON
NERVOUS SYSTEM

2. Group -2
Name: ID:
1)Sumaia. 193006031.
2)Ayesha Akter. 193007031.
3)MD.Anwar Hossen. 193010031
4)Shanta islam. 193011031
5)Mst.Nasrin akter. 193014031
6)MD.Asadujjaman. 193015031
7)MD.Azizul Haque. 193016031

3. DEFINATION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS A COMPLEX, SOPHISTICATED SYSTEM THAT REGULATES AND
COORDINATES BODY ACTIVITIES.
CAUSES OF NERVOUS SYSTEMIC DISEASE:
1) GENETIC CAUSES:
SOME NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES ARE DUE TO GENETIC MUTATIONS.FOR EXAMPLE:
CONGENITAL/DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT
DEVELOPING BABIES CAN SUFFER FROM BIRTH DEFECTS THAT AFFECT THE FORMATION OF THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM.

4. 2) Cancer :
Specialized cells in the central nervous system, such as glial cells, may proliferate abnormally and
form gliomas Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of glioma.
3)Infection:
Pathogens like fungi, bacteria, and viruses can affect the nervous system For example, meningitis is a common
infection of the central nervous system, where bacterial or viral infections cause an inflammation of the
meninges.
4) Vascular:
The brain is rich in blood vessels because it requires a lot of nutrients and oxygen A stroke may result from
a blood clot or hemorrhage.
.

5. Sign and symptoms of nervous systemic disease :
The symptoms of a nervous system problem depend on which area of the nervous system is involved and what is
causing the problem.. Some serious conditions, diseases, and injuries that can cause nervous system problems
include:
• Blood supply problems.
• Injuries, especially injuries to the head and spinal cord.
• Problems that are present at birth.
. Infections.
• Overuse of prescription and nonprescription medicines, illegal drugs, or alcohol.
• A brain tumor.
• Organ system failure.
• Other conditions.

6. Diagnosis of nervous systemic disease:
Neurologists and other neuroscience specialists use special tests and imaging techniques to see how the
nerves and brain are working.
In addition to blood and urine tests, tests done to diagnose nervous system diseases may include:
 Computed tomography (CT scan)
 Lumbar puncture.
 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
 Electroencephalography (EEG) to look at brain activity
 Electromyography (EMG) to test nerve and muscle function
 Electronystagmography (ENG) to check for abnormal eye movements, which can be a sign of a brain
disorder.
 Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test
 Neurocognitive testing (neuropsychological testing)
 Polysomnogram to see how the brain reacts during sleep

7. Pathogenesis of nervous systemic disease:
Viral Meningitis
Although it is much more common than bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis is typically less
severe. Many different viruses can lead to meningitis as a sequela of the primary infection,
including those that cause herpes, influenza, measles, and mumps. Most cases of viral meningitis
spontaneously resolve, but severe cases do occur.
Arboviral Encephalitis
Several types of insect-borne viruses can cause encephalitis. Collectively, these viruses are referred
to as arboviruses(because they are arthropod-borne), and the diseases they cause are described as
arboviral encephalitis. Most arboviruses are endemic to specific geographical regions. Arborviral
encephalitis diseases found in the United States include eastern equine encephalitis (EEE),

8. Treatment of Nervous Systemic Disease.
Neuroradiology is a branch of neuroscience medicine that focuses on diagnosing and
treating nervous system problems. Interventional neuroradiology involves inserting
tiny, flexible tubes called catheters into blood vessels leading to the brain. This allows
the doctor to treat blood vessel disorders that can affect the nervous system, such as
stroke.Interventional neuroradiology treatments include:
 Balloon angioplasty and stenting of carotid or vertebral artery
 Endovascular embolization and coiling to treat cerebral aneurysms
 Intra-arterial therapy for stroke
 Radiation oncology of the brain and spine

9.  Needle biopsies, spine and soft tissues
 Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty to treat vertebral fractures
 Open or traditional neurosurgery may be needed in some cases to treat problems in
the brain and surrounding structure.

10. Treatment of nervous system-related diseases or disorders may also include:
 Medicines, possibly given by a drug pumps (such as those used for people with severe
muscle spasms)
 Deep brain stimulation
 Spinal cord stimulation
 Rehabilitation/physical therapy after brain injury or stroke
 Spinal surgery

11. Prevention of Nervous systemic disease:
A balanced, low-fat diet with ample sources of vitamins B6, B12, and folate will help
protect the nervous system. Make sure that your diet contains lots of fresh fruits, vegetables,
and whole grains. Drink plenty of water and other fluids. This helps prevent dehydration,
which can cause confusion and memory problem.

12. Prevention:
*Exercise regularly.
*Do not smoke or use other tobacco product.
*Get plenty of rest.
*Take care of health conditions that may cause decreased nervous system functioning,
such as
*Eat a balanced diet.
*Drink plenty of water and other fluids
A number of different viruses and subviral particles can cause diseases that affect the
nervous system. Viral diseases tend to be more common than bacterial infections of the
nervous system today. Fortunately, viral infections are generally milder than their bacterial
counterparts and often spontaneously resolve. Some of the more important acellular
pathogens of the nervous system are described in this section.