This document contains answers and explanations for syntax homework exercises from Chapter 5. It includes identifying the syntactic categories of words in sentences, drawing phrase structure trees, and transforming sentences from surface structure to deep structure. Various syntax concepts and terminology are used such as syntactic category, phrase structure trees, specifiers, heads, complements, surface structure, and deep structure. Practice problems are provided with the answers explained through syntax diagrams and rules.

1. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

2. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax –Old Exercise #2
Identify the syntactic category of each word in the following sentences:
The glass suddenly broke.
A jogger ran toward the end of the lane
These dead trees are blocking the road
The detective hurriedly looked through the records
The peaches never appear quite ripe
Det N Adv V
Det N V P Det N P Det N
Det A N Aux V Det N
Det N Adv V P Det N
Det N Adv V Deg A

3. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax – Practice – Exercise #2
Identify the syntactic category of each word in the following sentences:
Jeremy will play the trumpet and the drums in
the orchestra
.
N Aux V Det N Con Det N P
Det N

4. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax –Exercises #3
 Draw phrase structure trees for the following:
a) the zoo
b) always try
c) so witty
d) perhaps pass
e) less bleak
f) this house
g) very competent
h) quite cheap
i) never surrender
j) those books
Syntax
Practice
XP
X'
X (Complement)
head
(Specifier)

5. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

6. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

7. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax –Exercises #4
 Draw phrase structure trees for the following:
a) into the house
b) fixed the telephone
c) full of mistakes
d) more toward the window
e) a film about pollution
f) always study this material
g) perhaps earn the money
h) that argument with Owen
i) the success of the program
Syntax
Practice
XP
X'
X (Complement)
head
(Specifier)

8. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

9. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

10. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

11. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax
Practice
Exercise 9 (No Triangles!)
a) The reporter said that
an accident injured the woman.

12. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax
Practice
Exercise 9 (No Triangles!)
b) The fishermen think
that the company polluted the bay.

13. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
Syntax
Practice
Exercise 9 (No Triangles!)
c) Bill reported
that a student asked
whether the eclipse would occur.

14. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
a) Who should the director call? (Surface structure)
b) Who should call the director? (Surface structure)
c) What can Joanne eat? (Surface structure)
d) Who will the visitors stay with? (Surface structure)
e) What might Terry sing? (Surface structure)
f) What could Ann bring to the gathering? (Surface structure)
Exercise 11
the director should call who (Deep Structure)
who should call the director (Deep Structure)
Joanne can eat what (Deep Structure)
the visitors will stay with who (Deep Structure)
Terry might sing what (Deep Structure)
Ann could bring what to the gathering (Deep Structure)
Syntax
Practice

15. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers
g) What did the lightning hit? (Surface structure)
h) Who did Stacy talk to? (Surface structure)
i) Which language does Michael teach? (Surface structure)
Exercise 11
The lightning hit what (Deep Structure)
Stacy talked to who (Deep Structure)
(actually +PST + talk)
Syntax
Practice
Michael teaches which language (Deep Structure)
(actually –PST + teach)

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17. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

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20. Ch 5 Syntax HW Exercise Answers

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