The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is located in New York City and was founded in 1817. It is the largest stock exchange in the world, with over 2,800 listed companies and a total market capitalization of over $13 trillion. The NYSE has experienced several major market crashes over its history, including Black Thursday in 1929 which marked the beginning of the Great Depression, and Black Monday in 1987 which saw the largest one-day drop in stock market history. In recent years the NYSE has merged with Euronext in 2006 and Deutsche Börse in 2013, becoming the world's largest stock exchange operator.

2. Profile of NYSE
 Location :- New York city U.S.
 Founded :- March 8, 1817.
 Owner :- NYSE Euronext
 CEO :- Duncan L. Niederauer
 Currency :-US $
 No. of Listing Co. :- 2800 approx..
 Market Capital :- US$ 13.39 Trillion ( Dec 2010)
 Website :- www.nyse.com

3. What's the Stock Market
A stock market is a public entity for the trading of company stock (shares)
and derivatives at an agreed price; these are securities listed on a stock
exchange as well as those only traded privately.

4. Origin of Stock Market
Back to over 200year ago U.S. decided to finance the war by selling the
bonds, and government notes promising to payout at profit at a later date.
At the same time pvt. Bank began to raise money by issuing stock or shares
of the company to raise their own money.

5. History of NYSE
 NYSE started in 1792.
 In start only five securities traded.
 In 1817, the rules & regulations was developed.
 Anthony Stockholm was elected the first president of exchange.
 First set trading hours were established in 1873.
 Dow Jones industrial average with a starting value of 90.
 Crashes over the years effect on the NYSE.

6. A Brief Timeline of Important Events in the
History of the NYSE
 1792 - Twenty-four brokers and merchants gathered on Wall Street to
sign the Buttonwood Agreement. The NYSE is born.
 1792 - Bank of New York becomes the first listed company on the NYSE.
 1903 - April 22, the NYSE moved into 18 Broad Street. (This building is
still in use today.)

7.  1918 - The pneumatic vacuum tube system is made for sending tickets to
and from different departments.
 1929 - October 23: Black Thursday. October 26: Blue Monday (Market
loses $26 billion in value.)
 1953 - October 10: Trade volume on the NYSE reaches 900,000 shares, this
marks the last day that the daily volume of the NYSE is under 1 million
shares.
 1967 - NYSE admits its first woman member (Muriel Siebert ).

8.  1987 - October 19: Black Monday (Market drops 508 points, the largest one-day
drop in history.)
 1992 - May 17: the NYSE celebrates its 200th anniversary.
 1996 - May 7: The highest price ever paid for a membership is $1,450,000

9. Major Companies
1. ExxonMobil Corp(XOM) Market Cap: $329B
2. Petro China (PTR) Market Cap: $237B
3. BHP Billiton(BHP) Market Cap:$222B
4. Petro bras (PBR) Market Cap:$210B
5. HSBC Holdings (HBC) Market Cap:$206B
6. Wal-Mart Stores(WMT) Market Cap:$203B
7. China Mobile (CHL) Market Cap:$191B
8. Royal Dutch Shell plc(RDS.A) Market Cap: $190B
9. BHP Billiton plc (BBL) Market Cap:$187B
10. BP Plc (BP) Market Cap: $186B

10. Crashes and Effects on the Market
In Oct 24, 1929 was known as a “Black Thursday” stock prices fell sharply by
a volume of about 13 million shares. Five days later, October 29th, 1929, the
market crashed by a volume of over 16 million shares. At the time this was
the highest volume drop that was not to be matched for 39 years. This crash
marked the beginning of the Great Depression.

11.  Reason behind the crash:
 Stocks were overpriced.
 Federal Reserve policies were causing disagreement and
problems.
 Many people had an overconfidence from the 20's which
influenced a search for easy money and made many people
greedy.

12.  Many people took their chances in the market by "buying on a
margin". This means that they bought stocks on borrowed
money, money they did not have. They would be making
money as long as their stock price increased, but if the prices
fell then they would be deep in debt.
 In Oct 19, 1987 was known as “Black Monday” because the
NYSE dropped 508 points, the largest one-day fall in history.
From October 14 to October 19th of 1987 the major parts of
the market dropped around 30% or more

13.  Some explanations for the causes of the crash:
 Computer trading securities-many analysts say this is the cause.
Computers in large investing companies were programmed to order
large numbers of stocks when certain market trends prevailed.
 Liquidity- trading mechanisms in the stock market were unable to
deal with such a large flow of sell orders.
 Trade and Budget deficits-trade and budget debts during the third
quarter of 1987 might have led investors into thinking that these
debts would cause the crash.

14. Mergers
 Euronext and NYSE Group:
 NYSE Group bid €8 billion in cash and shares for Euronext on May 22, 2006.
 The new firm, tentatively dubbed NYSE Euronext, would be headquartered in New York
City.
 NYSE CEO John Thain, who would head NYSE Euronext.
 NYSE Euronext and Deutsche Börse: The new company becoming the world's largest
stock exchange operator with a market capitalization of listed companies equal to
US$15 trillion.
 President and deputy CEO of NYSE Euronext Dominique Cerutti would become the
new company's president.
 Deutsche Börse shareholders will have 60% ownership of the new entity, and NYSE-
Euronext shareholders will have 40%.