India vs China war 1962

1. SINO-INDIA WAR 1962

2. Contents
 Historical background and causes
 Commanders and leaders
 Indian forward policy and the beginning of war
 China negotiation and Nehru response

3. Causes
 A dispute over Himalayan border
 Aksai chin and Arunachal regions
 India claimed it to be the part of Kashmir
 Chinese claimed it to be a part of Xinjiang
 Strategic importance of the regions

4. Historical background
 1842 Sino-Indian boundary agreement
 Gulab Singh and Tibetans(ethnic group of Tibet)
 Henry McMahon negotiation (1914)
 McMahon negotiated with Tibetans not with China
 China did not accepted this negotiations

5. Cont..
 1954 Nehru Negotiations (Map accepted)
 Nehru wanted to create “Asian Axis” with china
 And he was ready to compromise on Tibet

6. Commanders and leaders
Indian side Chinese side
Brij Mohan Kaul
(Chief of General Staff of the Indian
Army)
Luo Ruiqing (chief of PLA staff)
Jawaharlal Nehru
(Prime Minister of India)
Zhang Guohua (field commander)
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
(President of India)
Liu Bocheng
(Marshal of PLA)
V. K. Krishna Menon
(Defense Minister of India)
Zhou Enlai
(Premier of the People's Republic of
China)
Strength 550,000 Strength 580,000
Total causalities:
4,383 killed,1,696 missing,98,968
captured
Total causalities:
722 killed
1,697 wounded

7. Indian’s forward policy
 June,1962 Indian army cut the Chinese supply line
 India miscalculations
 Soviet backing in War
 Create sympathy for India with in US.
 The Indian army occupied and deployed their army at Dhola,
 August 1962,Chinese govt protested and begin occupying, at
top most Thag la region

8. Cont..
 By October 1962, china increased the number of troops in that region
 People's liberation Army(PLA), launched two attack
 in order to expel the opponents army from the Chip-Chap valley
 They Chinese army disconnected the telephone line of the Indian army
 Captured important portion of the disputed region

9. China negotiation and Nehru response
 By 24th of October the Chinese army was in a commanding position
 Captured a lot area
 Zhou Enlai, stopped his army from advancing
 Sent a letter to Nehru proposing him:
 A negotiated settlement of the boundary
 That both sides disengage and withdraw twenty kilometers (12 miles)
from present lines of actual control
 A Chinese withdrawal north in NEFA (North-East frontier Area)
 That China and India not cross lines of present control in Aksai Chin.

10. Cont..
 Nehru was concerned , PLA conquered more than 12 miles
 He suggested that the boundary should be restored to 8th
sept 1962
 This proposal was rejected by Zhou Enali, on 14th November
 Indian army launched attack on Walong,
 So the war was resumed, and continued until 21 November .

11. Map of the region.