Its all about sports

1. LESSON 2
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL
AND DUAL SPORTS
PREPARED BY: ROY G. BENEDICTO

2. THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
INDIVIDUAL AND DUAL SPORTS IS THE
NUMBER OF ATHLETES WHO COMPETE ON
THE SAME SIDE.

3. HOWEVER, EACH SPORT TYPE COMES WITH
PLENTY OF BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES.

4. TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THIS CONCEPT,
LEARN MORE ABOUT INDIVIDUAL AND DUAL
SPORTS IN MORE DETAIL, INCLUDING THEIR
DIFFERENCES, SIMILARITIES AND BENEFITS.

5. WHAT ARE INDIVIDUAL
SPORTS?

6. INDIVIDUAL SPORTS ARE DEFINED
AS ACTIVITIES IN WHICH COMPETING
AS A PART OF A TEAM ISN’T
REQUIRED. THE ATHLETE IS ON
THEIR OWN AND IS THE ONE WHO’S
RESPONSIBLE FOR BRINGING HOME
THE WIN.

7. IN THE INDIVIDUAL SPORTS A
STUDENT CAN ENGAGE IN THE
SPORT WITHOUT DIRECT NEED OF
A COUNTER PLAYER

8. ALTHOUGH INDIVIDUAL SPORTS CAN BE
COMPETITIVE, THE ATHLETE IS ALSO IN
COMPETITION WITH THEMSELVES.

9. PRACTICING A SPORT INDIVIDUALLY
REQUIRES PLENTY OF MOTIVATION IN
ORDER TO DEVELOP THE SKILLS THAT ARE
NEEDED TO PROGRESS IN THE ACTIVITY.

10. ALONG WITH GAINING ADDITIONAL SKILLS,
TWO OTHER MAIN BENEFITS OF INDIVIDUAL
SPORTS ARE:
1. SELF-DISCIPLINE THE ABILITY TO PUSH
YOURSELF FORWARD, STAY MOTIVATED, AND
TAKE ACTION, REGARDLESS OF HOW YOU'RE
FEELING, PHYSICALLY OR EMOTIONALLY.
2. MENTAL FOCUS THE ABILITY OF AN
INDIVIDUAL TO DIRECT MENTAL EFFORT ON
THE MOST RELEVANT INFORMATION IN THE
ENVIRONMENT.

11. REMEMBER:
THE MORE YOU PRACTICE, THE
BETTER YOU CAN GET, AND YOU’RE
THE ONE WHO’S RESPONSIBLE FOR
REACHING YOUR GOAL.

12. HOWEVER, ONE PRIMARY
DISADVANTAGE OF INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
IS THAT SAME RESPONSIBILITY — IF YOU
TAKE COMPETITIONS SERIOUSLY AND
LOSE, YOU’RE RESPONSIBLE — AND IT
CAN BE HARD TO PUSH YOURSELF TO
KEEP IMPROVING AT TIMES WHEN
YOU’RE ONLY HOLDING YOURSELF
ACCOUNTABLE.

13. EXAMPLES OF POPULAR
INDIVIDUAL SPORTS

14. SKIING
MANY PEOPLES WHO LIVED IN CLIMATES WITH SNOW FOR
MANY MONTHS OF THE YEAR DEVELOPED SOME FORM OF
SKIING. THE SAMI (LAPPS) BELIEVED THEMSELVES TO BE THE
INVENTORS OF SKIING, AND THEIR USE OF SKIS FOR HUNTING
WAS RENOWNED FROM ROMAN TIMES. IN ADDITION, THE
VIKINGS USED SKIS FROM THE 9TH TO THE 11TH CENTURY.

15. SWIMMING
IS AN INDIVIDUAL OR TEAM RACING SPORT THAT REQUIRES
THE USE OF ONE'S ENTIRE BODY TO MOVE THROUGH WATER.
THE SPORT TAKES PLACE IN POOLS OR OPEN WATER.
A B C D

16. VARIOUS TYPES OF SWIMMING STROKES
AND STYLES:
FREESTYLE ALSO KNOWN AS THE FRONT CRAWL, THIS IS
THE CLASSIC SWIMMING POSTURE.
BACKSTROKE IT’S VERY SIMILAR TO THE FREESTYLE, BUT
YOU SWIM ON YOUR BACK AND PROPEL YOURSELF
BACKWARDS.
BREASTSTROKE FLOAT WITH YOUR STOMACH FACING
DOWN, THEN MOVE YOUR ARMS IN A HALF-CIRCLE MOTION
IN FRONT OF THE BODY. BEND YOUR LEGS, THEN KICK BACK
WITH GOOD TIMING, AND YOU’LL PROPEL YOURSELF UP AND
FORWARD.
BUTTERFLY IS PERFORMED BY BRINGING YOUR ARMS UP
ABOVE YOUR HEAD, THEN PUSHING THEM DOWN INTO THE
WATER TO PROPEL YOURSELF FORWARD.

17. ARCHERY
ARCHERY IS THE SPORT, PRACTICE, OR SKILL OF USING A
BOW TO SHOOT ARROWS. THE WORD COMES FROM THE
LATIN ARCUS, MEANING BOW. HISTORICALLY, ARCHERY HAS
BEEN USED FOR HUNTING AND COMBAT. IN MODERN TIMES,
IT IS MAINLY A COMPETITIVE SPORT AND RECREATIONAL
ACTIVITY.
Paralympic Archer Antonio Rebollo and his
arrow lit aflame by the Olympic fire during the
Barcelona 1992 Olympics in Spain. Rebollo, from
the field of the Olympic stadium, took his aim at
the cauldron at the very top of the structure,
fired his arrow straight and true, and dropped it
right over the cauldron, where it lit the Olympic
fire in spectacular fashion.

18. GYMNASTICS
IS A SPORT THAT INCLUDES PHYSICAL EXERCISES
REQUIRING BALANCE, STRENGTH, FLEXIBILITY, AGILITY,
COORDINATION, DEDICATION AND ENDURANCE. THE
MOVEMENTS INVOLVED IN GYMNASTICS CONTRIBUTE TO
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARMS, LEGS, SHOULDERS, BACK,
CHEST, AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE GROUPS.

19. TYPES OF GYMNASTICS:
ARTISTIC, THE EVENTS IN ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS INCLUDE COMPETING ON 4
DIFFERENT APPARATUSES: FLOOR EXERCISE, VAULT, UNEVEN BARS, AND BALANCE
BEAM.
RHYTHMIC, IS CURRENTLY RESTRICTED TO FEMALE PARTICIPATION ONLY. IN
THIS FORM, THE GYMNASTS PERFORM JUMPS, LEAPS, AND TOSSES, AMONG OTHER
MOVES.
TRAMPOLINE, INVOLVES HIGH FLYING JUMPS AND FLIPS AND TWISTS.
POWER TUMBLING, THE GYMNASTS PERFORM COMPLICATED FLIPS
AND TWISTS IN AN EXPLOSIVE SERIES. IT IS PERFORMED ON A SPRING RUNAWAY OR A
TUMBLING TRACK.
AEROBICS, EMPHASIZE MORE ON STRENGTH, FLEXIBILITY, AND AEROBIC
FITNESS OVER ACROBATIC AND BALANCE SKILLS.

20. WEIGHTLIFTING
IS A SPORT IN WHICH ATHLETES COMPETE IN LIFTING A
BARBELL LOADED WITH WEIGHT PLATES FROM THE GROUND
TO OVERHEAD, WITH EACH ATHLETE VYING TO
SUCCESSFULLY LIFT THE HEAVIEST WEIGHTS.
Hidilyn Francisco Diaz is a Filipina weightlifter and,
the first Filipino to ever win an Olympic gold medal for
the Philippines. She is also an Olympic weightlifting
record holder by winning the women's 55 kg category
for weightlifting at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Diaz is the first Filipina athlete to see action in four
straight Olympic Games:
2008 Beijing (17YO), 2012, London, 2016 Rio de
Janeiro (silver) and 2020 , Tokyo (Gold).

21. ATHLETICS
IS A GROUP OF SPORTING EVENTS THAT INVOLVES
COMPETITIVE RUNNING, JUMPING, THROWING, AND
WALKING. THE MOST COMMON TYPES OF ATHLETICS
COMPETITIONS ARE TRACK AND FIELD, ROAD RUNNING,
CROSS COUNTRY RUNNING, AND RACE-WALKING. ... THE
ATHLETICS MEETING FORMS THE BACKBONE OF THE
SUMMER OLYMPICS.

22. TYPES OF TRACK AND FIELD EVENTS IN ATHLETICS:
In the shot put, you throw a heavy spherical
object called the shot (it resembles a
cannonball)
The hammer throw involves a heavy ball
attached to a strong wire.
The discus throw uses a heavy disc (like a
Frisbee) which weighs about 2 kg.
Javelin Throw The javelin is a spear about
2.5 m in length.

23. Long Jump In this event, you run down a strip (the
same sort of rubberized surface as running tracks),
and jump as far as possible from a wooden board 20
cm wide.
Triple Jump Similar to the long jump, you have to
run down the track and perform a hop, a bound and
then a jump into the sand pit.
In the pole vault, you sprint down a track, plant one
end of the pole in the metal box, and catapult
yourself over a 4.5m horizontal bar
To do the high jump, you do a short run-up, leap
from one foot over a horizontal bar, and fall onto a
cushioned landing area.

24. The marathon is a long-distance running event,
taking place over a course of 42.195km or (26 miles
& 385 yds.) in length.
Race walking is a special long-distance race event
in which the participants must walk as fast as they
can, while they are expected to maintain good
form.
Running events include:
Sprints (100m, 200m, 400m)
Middle distance (800m, 1500m)
Long distance (3000m Steeplechase, 5000m,
10,000m)
Hurdles (110/100m, 400m)

25. SOMETIMES, AS IN THE CASE OF
GYMNASTICS, INDIVIDUAL ATHLETES
COMPETE BUT ARE MEMBERS OF A
LARGER TEAM — THEY’RE JUST
PERFORMING, COMPETING OR
BEING JUDGED ON THEIR OWN.

26. BUT TYPICALLY, JUST BECAUSE YOU’RE NOT
A PART OF A BIG TEAM WHEN ENGAGING IN
MOST INDIVIDUAL SPORTS, IT DOESN’T
MEAN THAT YOU CAN’T ACHIEVE GREAT
THINGS.

27. USAIN BOLT IS THE FASTEST RUNNER ON
THE PLANET. HE EXPRESSED THAT BEING
A WINNER DOESN’T COME EASILY,
SAYING, “YES, IT LOOKS EASY. BUT IT’S
NOT. THERE’S A LOT OF WORK AND
DEDICATION. IT’S ROUGH. I WANT PEOPLE
TO UNDERSTAND THAT WHAT THEY SEE
ON THE TRACK IS BECAUSE I WORK SO
HARD TO GET THERE.”
Usain Bolt has been
breaking records
throughout his running
career. He is the first
athlete to have won both
the 100 m race and 200
m race simultaneously.
Also the first athlete to
win 6 gold medals in
sprinting.

28. WHAT ARE DUAL SPORTS?

29. COMPARED TO INDIVIDUAL SPORTS, THERE
AREN’T AS MANY DUAL SPORTS OUT THERE
BUT DUAL SPORTS CAN TAKE SEVERAL
DIFFERENT FORMS. IN ONE FORM OF DUAL
SPORTS, A SINGLE ATHLETE COMPETES
AGAINST ANOTHER SINGLE ATHLETE; THERE’S
NO TEAM, JUST TWO ATHLETES AGAINST EACH
OTHER IN A ONE-ON-ONE MATCH

30. DUAL SPORTS CAN ALSO INVOLVE TWO
ATHLETES ON THE SAME TEAM COMPETING
WITH TWO ATHLETES OF THE OPPOSITE
TEAM, KNOWN AS TWO ON TWO.

31. DUAL SPORTS COME WITH
MANY BENEFITS. NOT ONLY DO
THEY ENCOURAGE A LOT OF
DISCIPLINE, BUT THEY ALSO
INVOLVE UTILIZING
ANALYTICAL SKILLS AND
STUDYING WHAT’S NEEDED IN
ORDER TO BEAT YOUR
OPPONENT.

32. FOR EXAMPLE, ONE SUCH SPORT IS TENNIS.
WHILE BRINGING YOUR OWN SKILLS TO THE
COURT IS IMPRESSIVE, YOU ALSO HAVE TO
KNOW SOMETHING ABOUT WHOM YOU’RE
COMPETING AGAINST.

33. YOU CAN THEN MAKE THEIR WEAKNESS
YOUR STRENGTH AND STUDY THEIR
TECHNIQUES TO OVERCOME THEM DURING
PLAY.

34. PLAYING AS A DUO ALSO COMES WITH
MANY BENEFITS. IF THE TWO PLAYERS ARE
ABLE TO COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER AND
WORK AS A TEAM, PLANNING OUT
STRATEGIES AND ANTICIPATING EACH
OTHER’S MOVEMENTS, THEY CAN REALLY
BRING THE BEST OUT OF EVERY GAME.

35. HOWEVER, WHEN ONE PLAYER IS OFF THEIR
GAME FOR THAT DAY, IT CAN AFFECT BOTH
TEAMMATES. COOPERATION IS EXTREMELY
IMPORTANT IN DUAL SPORTS, AND IT’S
ESSENTIAL TO GET ALONG WITH YOUR
TEAMMATE BEFORE TRYING TO COMPETE.

36. EXAMPLE OF DUAL SPORTS?

37. TABLE TENNIS
ALSO KNOWN AS PING-PONG AND WHIFF-WHAFF,
IS A SPORT IN WHICH TWO OR FOUR PLAYERS HIT A
LIGHTWEIGHT BALL, ALSO KNOWN AS THE PING-PONG
BALL, BACK AND FORTH ACROSS A TABLE USING
SMALL SOLID RACKETS. THE GAME TAKES PLACE ON A
HARD TABLE DIVIDED BY A NET.

38. TENNIS
IS A RACKET SPORT THAT CAN BE
PLAYED INDIVIDUALLY AGAINST A
SINGLE OPPONENT OR BETWEEN TWO
TEAMS OF TWO PLAYERS EACH. EACH
PLAYER USES A TENNIS RACKET THAT IS
STRUNG WITH CORD TO STRIKE A
HOLLOW RUBBER BALL COVERED WITH
FELT OVER OR AROUND A NET AND INTO
THE OPPONENT'S COURT.

39. BADMINTON
BADMINTON IS A RACQUET SPORT
PLAYED USING RACQUETS TO HIT A
SHUTTLECOCK ACROSS A NET.
ALTHOUGH IT MAY BE PLAYED WITH
LARGER TEAMS, THE MOST COMMON
FORMS OF THE GAME ARE "SINGLES"
AND "DOUBLES".

40. BOXING
IS A COMBAT SPORT IN WHICH TWO PEOPLE,
USUALLY WEARING PROTECTIVE GLOVES AND OTHER
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SUCH AS HAND WRAPS AND
MOUTH GUARDS, THROW PUNCHES AT EACH OTHER FOR
A PREDETERMINED AMOUNT OF TIME IN A BOXING RING.

41. FENCING
FENCING IS A GROUP OF THREE
RELATED COMBAT SPORTS. THE THREE
DISCIPLINES IN MODERN FENCING ARE
THE FOIL, THE ÉPÉE, AND THE SABRE;
WINNING POINTS ARE MADE THROUGH
THE WEAPON'S CONTACT WITH AN
OPPONENT.

42. THERE ARE THREE FENCING BLADES USED IN
OLYMPIC FENCING:
1. FOIL,
2. ÉPÉE
3. SABRE
EACH OF WHICH HAVE DIFFERENT COMPOSITIONS,
TECHNIQUES AND SCORING TARGET AREAS.

43. BEACH VOLLEYBALL
SPORT PLAYED BY TWO TEAMS OF
TWO PLAYERS ON A SAND COURT
DIVIDED BY A NET.

44. END OF LESSON…..