This document provides descriptions and examples of 10 Windows-based networking commands: Ipconfig, Netstat, Tracert, Ping, Pathping, Arp, Route, Nslookup, Nbtstat, and Netsh. It also compares 5 common Windows and Linux networking commands: Ipconfig/Ifconfig, Tracert/Traceroute, Nslookup/Dig, telnet, and Nslookup.

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COMPUTER NETWORKS
W.P.A. ASHANI H. PERERA

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01. Explain ten (10) windows-based networking commands with suitable descriptions with
a suitable example.
I. Ipconfig
Use to display the network settings currently assigned to any or all network
adapters in the machine and also use to verify a network connection as well as to
verify network settings.
e.g.:
 ipconfig /all -show all details
 ipconfig / h - Help
 ipconfig /flushdns- Clear DNS Cache
II. Netstat
Display active TCP connection, ports on which the computer is listening
Ethernet statistics, the IP routing table,IPv4 statistics(for the IP,ICMP,TCP and
UDP protocols) and IPv6 statistics(for the IPv6,ICMPv6, TCP over IPv6,and over
IPv6 protocols).Used without parameters,
Netstat Displays active TCP connections.

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E.g.
 Netstat -Show only established connection.
 Netstat -s -To find errors quickly.
III. Tracert
This command is use to visually dee a network packet being sent and
received and the number of hops required for that packet to get to its destination
e.g.
 Tracert-d -This option prevents tracert from resolving IP
addresses to host names
 Tracert -4 -This option forces tracert to use IPv4 only
 Tracert -6 -This option forces tracert to use IPv6 only

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IV. Ping
Helps in determining TCP/IP Networks IP address as well as determine
issues with the network and assists in resolving them.
E.g.
 ping-a -Resolve addresses to send
 ping-n -Count number of echo requests send

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V. Pathping
Provides information about network latency and network loss at
intermediate hops
between a source and destination
E.g.
 /i<IPaddress> Specifies the source address
 /4<IPv4> Specifies that pathping uses IPv4 only

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VI. arp
Display, adds, and remove arp information from network devices
E.g
 Arp/a -to display the arp cache table.
 Arp /? -To display help

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VII. Route
Use to configure the routers in routing table
 route PRINT
 route PRINT -4

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VIII. Nslookup
Display information that you can use to diagnose Domain Name
System(DNS)
Infrastructure
E.g.
 Nslookup /exit -to exit
 Nslooup /set all -print the current values of the
configuration settings

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IX. Nbtstat
Design to help troubleshoot NetBIOS name resolution problems
E.g.
 Nbtstat /A-Display the NetBIOS name table of a remote
computer
 Nbtstat /? -Displays help at the CMD
X. Netsh
This use to reset TCP/IP in windows 2k/XP
E.g.
 Netsh /? -Display help ar netsh prompt
 Netsh -f -Exits netsh after running the script that you
designate with Scripfile

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02. Explain how to differ windows networking commands, and Linux commands with
suitable examples (at least 5)
Windows networking
commands
Linux networking commands Action
i. Ipconfig Ifconfig Configure networks
ii. Tracert Traceroute Check Network hosts
iii. Nslookup Dig Display information
about DNS
iv. telnet telnet Connect destination
host port
remotely access
another computer
v. Nslookup Display information
that you can use to
DNS

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References
[1] "Geekflare," 27 6 2018. [Online]. Available:
https://www,google.com/amp/s/geekflare.com/nestat-command-usage-on-windows/amp/.
[Accessed 01 03 2020].
[2] "Guru99," [Online]. Available: https://www.guru99.com/must-know-linux-
commands.html. [Accessed 01 03 2020].
[3] "Geekflre," [Online]. Available: http://geekflare.com/linux-networking-commands/amp/.
[Accessed 01 03 2020].