closed-ended method used in data collection in research

1. METHODS OF
DATA COLLECTIONS
Presented by –
Ankita manwani

2. Close Ended Items
The Likert
format
Q- Sorts
Checklist

3. 1. The Likert format
The scale is named after its
inventor, psychologist Rensis Likert.
In this format, instead of asking for a yes/no
,the respondents are given a set of statements

4. For example -

5. Advantages of Likert Scale
1.When the survey creator tends to work around quantitative
data, it is easier to report results from the respondents.
2.Since Likert scale survey involves using a scale,
respondents are not forced to choose response options in
extremes, allowing them to be neutral if they choose so.
3.Last but not the least it's very easy to run this kind of survey
as they are not time consuming.

6. 2. Checklist
In this method respondent receive a long list
of adjectives and he has to indicate whether or
not each adjective is true in his or her case.

7. Eg-
Checklist for evaluation of student’s performance during surgical
dressing

8. 3. Q- Sorts
 It was first described by psychologist William Stephenson in
1935.
 “it provides a foundation for the systematic study of subjectivity, a
person’s viewpoint, opinion, beliefs, attitude and the like “
 Q factor analysis gives information about similarities and
differences in viewpoint on a particular subject

9.  In this people are presented with a sample of statements about
some topic ‘called the Q-set
 Respondents, called the P-set, are asked to rank- order the
statements from their individual point of view.
 By correlating people, Q factor analysis gives information about
similarities and differences in viewpoint on a particular subject

10. ADVANTAGES OF THE Q-SORT METHOD
Q methodology requires fewer participants, which makes it less
expensive.
Because of the forced distribution of Q- sort ratings rater error is
controlled
In this, statements are collected from the participants opinion and
organized by the participants himself. This provides greater insight
into what an individual feels about a topic.