The document discusses sustainable agriculture. It provides several definitions of sustainable agriculture from different sources that emphasize meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their needs. It also discusses that sustainable agriculture pursues incorporating natural processes, minimizes external inputs, involves stakeholders, pursues equity and local resources. Sustainable agriculture is described as ecologically sound, economically viable, socially just and adaptable.

1. EKOLOGI
TANAMAN LANJUT
Budiastuti Kurniasih

2.  Cox, G.W. and Atkins, M.D. 1979. Agricultural Ecology. An
Analysis of World Food Production Systems. Freeman and co. San
Fransisco.
 Neugebauer, B. 1995. Ecologically Appropriate Agriculture. ZEL.
Germany
 Spedding, C.R.W. 1979. An Introduction of Agricultural Systems.
Applied Science Pub. London.
 Lowrance, R, Stinner, B.R., House, G.J. 1984. Agricultural
Ecosystem. John Wiley & Sons. Canada.
 Myers, J.H. D., Bazely. 2003. Ecology and Control of Introduced
Plants. Cambridge University Press
 More references from other sources
REFERENCES

3. Ecosystem Agroecosystem
Community Cropping system
Population Crop
Organism
Tissue
Cell
Gene
AgriculturalEcology
Ecology
Crop physiology
Plant Breeding
Plant physiology
Cytology
Genetics
Agricultural
economics
Rural
sociology
Animal
husbandry
Agronomy
Horticulture
Entomology
Plant
pathology
Weed science
The hierarchies of biology & agriculture & their related science

4. DASAR-DASAR EKOLOGI
(Group of organisms)
EKOLOGI TANAMAN
(Crops)
AGROEKOLOGI
(Agroecosystem)
EKOLOGI TANAMAN
LANJUT
(Sustainable Agroecosystem)
• The Ecological
Environment
• Agricultural
resources
• The household
• Other
Agroecosystems
• The
Agroecosystem
Agroecosystem
Determinants:

5. EKOSISTEM ALAM AGROEKOSISTEM
Apa perbedaan antara:
Energy?
Biodiversity?
Dominance?
Controlling?
Stability

8. Dampak ekologis perubahan
E.S. Alam menjadi Agro E.S.
• Simplifikasi struktur trofik mengganggu stabilitas sistem shg
memudahkan terjadinya serangan hama atau gulma.
• Perubahan komposisi vegetasi akan mengubah pola penyerapan
nutrien dari dalam tanah dan mengubah pola produktifitas
primer setiap musimnya.
• Penurunan keragaman serangga yang memakan produsen akan
menurunkan jumlah sisa biomasa tanaman yang kembali ke
tanah.
• Semakin pendeknya rantai makanan akan menurunkan variasi
biomasa hewan yang kembali ke tanah, sehingga akan
menurunkan akumulasi dari mikroorganisme tanah dan
mengganggu rantai makanan mikroorganisme.

9. What is sustainable agriculture?

10. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
What is the sustainability?
 Dictionary:
 Keeping the effort going continuously, the ability to
last out and keep from falling
 World Commision on Environment and Development, 1987;
Harremous, 1996 cit Keeney, 1998
 The need to meet the needs of the present without
compromising the ability to meet needs of future
generations

11. Why should be agriculture?
 Pertanian merupakan sektor pembangunan yang amat
vital karena menghasilkan pangan untuk kehidupan
sehari-hari dan industri, kebutuhan domestik dan
ekspor, serta menjadi sumber pendapatan bagi sebagian
besar penduduk
 Pertanian merupakan satu-satunya industri yang dapat
menurunkan entropy dunia, karena sumber utamanya
adalah sinar matahari

12. Sustainable Agriculture
 Reijntjes (1994)
Sustainable agriculture is the successful management
of resources for agriculture to satisfy changing
human needs while maintaining or enhancing the
quality of the environment and conserving natural
resources
 Miquel A Altieri (1994)
Mode of farming that attempts to provide long
term sustained yields through the use of ecologically
sound management technologies

13. • Pretty et al. (1994)
Agriculture that:
- pursues a more thorough incorporation of natural
processes
- minimal use of external and non renewable inputs that
harm the environment or health of farmers and
consumers
- more participation of farmers, environmentalists,
industrialists and consumers in problem analysis and
development of solutions
- equity in access of productive resources and
opportunities
- use of local knowledge and resources

14.  Gips, 1986 cit Reijntjes, 1994
judging agriculture to be sustainable if it is:
- ecologically sound
- economically viable
- socially just
- humane
- adaptable

15. What Sustainable Agriculture means to us
(The University of Vermont)
 We believe that sustainable agriculture is a food and
fiber production and distribution system that:
 support profitable production;
 protects environmental quality;
 uses natural resources efficiently;
 provide consumers with affordable, high quality products;
 decreases dependency on nonrenewable resources;
 Enhances the quality of life for farmers and rural
communities;
 And will last for generations to come

16. What is Sustainable Agriculture?
 Sustainable agriculture can be described as any
practice or system which is economically viable,
environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.
For a crop, a field, a farm, or even a community
to be sustainable over time, similar consideration
must be given to economics, the environment
and people (society). It’s like a three legged stool
– saw off one of the three legs and the stool
won’t work very well.