2. Quick . . . .
❖ Can you name a type of rock??
❖ Quit pointing at the head of the kid sitting
next to you!!
❖ Rocks! You know, those little hard things
that get caught in your flip flops!!
❖ There are three kinds of rocks!
➢ Igneous
➢ Metamorphic
➢ Sedimentary
3. Igneous Rocks . . .
❖FIRE!!!
❖Igneous is rooted in the word “ignite,” which
means “to cause by flame.”
❖All igneous rocks begin as molten material –
lava!!!
❖Igneous rocks are formed when that molten
material – lava or magma – cools and
hardens!
6. Layers!!!
❖All of those things – Shrek, parfait, onions,
and SEDIMENTARY ROCKS – have layers!
❖How are sedimentary rocks formed?
➢They are formed when rocks weather (or
break apart) and erode (when broken pieces of
rocks are moved by either wind, water, or ice).
These rocks will pile up higher and higher. The
pressure from the overlying rocks will cause
them to compact (harden) and form
sedimentary rocks.
10. FOSSILS
• Fossils are made when living things die and are
rapidly buried by mud, volcanic ash, or sand. They
can also be frozen in ice, mummified, or preserved in
amber or tar.
• The soft parts will usually decay leaving only the hard
parts to be buried.
– Hard parts, such as teeth and bones, can be left behind.
– Question, my little geniuses . . . . Why won’t you find
fossils in igneous or metamorphic rocks?!?!?!
13. Pompeii and Herculaneum!!
• The next few slides show you how fossils can form
when an organism is quickly covered by sediment!
• In 79 AD, a volcano in Italy called Vesuvius
erupted. It shot a layer of stone and ash 20 miles
into the air. That stone, ash, and sediment
completely covered two towns, Pompeii and
Herculaneum.
• When discovered, fossilized casts of residents of
both towns had been created by the heavy
sediment. The people were virtually frozen in
time, left just as they were when they were
covered!
19. Ch-ch-ch-changes!!
• Metamorphic rocks go through a series
change!
• They used to be a different type of rock, but
then they are put through serious heat and
pressure!
• This heat and pressure causes these former
sedimentary and igneous rocks to change into
new rocks!!
