2. What is India Kashmir conflict
The India Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict over the Kashmir region, primarily
between India and Pakistan.
The Conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan
claimed the entirety of state Jammu and Kashmir.
3. History of Kashmir:
Ruler of Kashmir at the time of 1947 was Maharaja hari singh
The first Kashmir war was fought between India and Pakistan over the state of
Jammu and Kashmir from 1947 to 1948.
The 1965 war between India and Pakistan was the second conflict between the
two countries over the status of the state Jammu and Kashmir
The clash didn’t resolve dispute
4. The Conflict:
The Conflict between India and Pakistan is that who should control Kashmir?
Neither country wants Kashmir to become independent.
After the partition the area where Muslims were majority became Pakistan but the
Hindus got India.
Kashmir had its choice which country it would belong to but the ruler of Kashmir
was Hindu but the majority of Kashmir were Muslims.
5. Why does it matter to control Kashmir
Kashmir is important to both countries in many ways.
The area is rich in natural resources
The biggest rivers in India have their origin in the area so it is important for
agriculture and water sources.
7. Geography
Border by Afghanistan, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, India
and China
Contains about 85000 square of land
Mountainous, Populated region
Currently Kashmir is divided into three region: one
control by India, one control by Pakistan and one
control by china
11. Census and Population
As per details from Census 2011, Jammu and Kashmir has population of 1.25
Crores, an increase from figure of 1.01 Crore in 2001 census.
Year Projected Population
2018 14,421,819 1.44 Crore
2019 14,689,775 1.47 Crore
2020 14,957,251 1.50 Crore
2021 15,224,150 1.52 Crore
12. Causes
Religion intolerance (anti cow slaughter)
Culture differences
Mosque attack
Home destruction
India, which is mostly Hindu, and Pakistan, which is mostly Muslims, are once
again on the brink of war over the disputed region of Kashmir. Both nations have
nuclear weapons. Hindu-Muslims, though.
13. Indians Position
The accession of Kashmir to India is legally indisputable
Religion is irrelevant in determining control of Kashmir a large Muslim community
supported the accession of Kashmir to India
The Pakistan sponsorship of terrorism in Kashmir disrupts the democratic process
in the region
International intervention is out of the question, as Kashmir is strictly India's affair
14. Pakistan position
Kashmir rightfully belongs to Pakistan due to their religious and economic ties
Pakistan does not provide material aid to any terrorists or insurgents in Kashmir
In accordance with the UN security council, Pakistan consider India’s claim to
Kashmir invalid
The Kashmiri people should be allowed to choose between Pakistani and Indian
control through a plebiscite
15. Kashmir position
Kashmir overwhelmingly favor independence
A poll conducted in the Kashmiri capital of Srinagar in 2007 revealed that 87% of
Kashmir desire independence 7% favor Indian rule, and 3% prefer Pakistani control
Kashmiris oppose Indian rule due to the restrictions places on them by Indian
security forces and alleged human right abuses by the indian government.
16. United Nations Involvement
The united Nations has played only a minor role in the Kashmir conflict so far
UN involvement has been limited to ceasefire negotiations and an attempted
plebiscite
17. UN-Brokered ceasefires
During the 1948 Indo-Pakistani War, the UN security council passes Resolutions 39
and 47, establishing the creation of a United Nations commissions on India and
Pakistan (UNCIP)
UNCIP then passes resolutions calling for a ceasefire across the line of control
The security Council also brokered a Ceasefire in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
and enforced it with Resolution 211
18. Impacts
Muslim communities are facing discrimination (in employment, education, and
encountered barriers to achieving wealth and political power)
They cannot practice their religious right freely
19. Conclusion
Both countries India and Pakistan want Kashmir to be part of their land or country.
But Kashmiri don’t want to be the part of any country they want separate identity
and homeland.