Quantitative Research Methods 101 EPI Hub for research and capacity building in Public health

1. Introduction to Research
Methodology in Health Care
Amna Khairy abdul kareem khairy
MBBS(U of K) , MPH (NU) DRME (NU)MDCommunity Medicine candidate
EPI Hub Centre
For research and capacity building

2. Session Outlines
 What is research
 Types of research
 Discuss importance of research
 Challenges to do research

3. What is research

4. Research is:
 Systematic collection , description , analysis and interpretation of
data to answer certain research question or solve a problem .
 Systematic collection , description , analysis and interpretation of
data that can be used to improve individuals or groups health .
 Process of changing “information” into “knowledge”

5. Characteristics of research
 Demands clear statement of the problem
 Requires clear objectives & methods
 Builds on existing data
 Involves systematic process
 Have clear vision of outcome

6. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0145561320920762

7. Abdelmageed AS*, Abdelrahim M, Muddathir and Rashid A Ellidir , Soba University Hospital, Sudan
*Corresponding author: AbdElmageed A Sobahi, Soba University Hospital, Sudan
Submission: September 25, 2018; Published: November 13, 2018

8. Abdelmageed AS*, Abdelrahim M, Muddathir and Rashid A Ellidir , Soba University Hospital, Sudan
*Corresponding author: AbdElmageed A Sobahi, Soba University Hospital, Sudan
Submission: September 25, 2018; Published: November 13, 2018
Variable Mean Std. Deviation
Age/Years 13.23 3.26
Duration of Dialysis/Months 28.75 25.63
HB 7.38 1.86
PCV (%) 22.93 5.59
MCV (fl) 85.96 4.91
MCH (pg) 27.63 1.92
MCHC (g/dl) 32.14 1.38
PLT (109 l) 205.81 55.6

9. 1Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University
2Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Tabuk
Corresponding Author:
Mirghani H. O.; email:
h.mirghani@ut.edu.sa
Received: 15 June 2017
Accepted: 1 July 2017
Published: 4 July 2017
Production and Hosting by
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Taha A. M. and Mirghani H.
O.. This article is distributed
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permits unrestricted use and
redistribution provided that
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source are credited.
Editor-in-Chief:
Prof. Mohammad A. M.
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https://knepublishing.com/index.php/SJMS/article/view/916/

10. Why you “as clinician” would
ever do researches?
Survey link

11. The whole of science is
nothing more than a
refinement of everyday
thinking.
Albert Einstein

12. MD requirement

13. https://www.kcl.ac.uk/lsm/study/outreach/downloads/tomorrows-doctors.pdf
12 Apply scientific method and approaches to medical
research.
a Critically appraise the results of relevant diagnostic,
prognostic and treatment trials and other qualitative
and quantitative studies as reported in the medical and
scientific literature.
b Formulate simple relevant research questions in
biomedical science, psychosocial science or
population
science, and design appropriate studies or
experiments
to address the questions.
c Apply findings from the literature to answer questions
raised by specific clinical problems.
d Understand the ethical and governance issues involved
in medical research.

14. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/guidelines-policy/delivering-research-all-expectations-and-
aspirations-nhs-england
Delivering research for all is a new
project supported by the RCP that is
calling for every clinician working in the
NHS to become research active.

15. STEP 1: MEDICAL DEGREE
STEP 2: INTERNSHIP
STEP 3: CHOOSING A SPECIALTY
STEP 4: HIGHER SPECIALIST TRAINING
STEP 5: BECOMING A SPECIALIST
When you join the Specialist Division of the Register with the Medical Council you are
eligible to apply for consultant posts. However, it’s not always easy to get into
these highly-regarded positions. Many doctors spend some time working abroad and
building up their portfolio of research, audits and publications before

16. Research as a career

17. Types of research

18. Research for health spans 5 generic areas of
activity:
1. Measuring the magnitude and distribution of the health problem.
2. Understanding the diverse causes or the determinants of the problem, whether
they are due to biological, behavioural, social or environmental factors.
3. Developing solutions or interventions that will help to prevent or mitigate the
problem.
4. Implementing or delivering solutions through policies and programmes.
5. Evaluating the impact of these solutions on the level and distribution of the
problem.
https://www.who.int/health-topics/research/#tab=tab_1

19. Basic Vs. applied
 Basic research:
to generate new knowledge and technology
 Applied research:
to facilitate prioritizing, designing and evaluation of interventions

20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2423805/pdf/nihms52773.pdf

22. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/91758/9789241506212_eng.pdf;jsessionid=8
5FDDB0DF9E59CEE6A2920881A93A9D6?sequence=1

23. https://www.who.int/tdr/publications/topics/ir-toolkit/en/

24. 24
Quantitative Vs Qualitative
Quantitative research:
Tries to quantify things in terms of numbers
Has explanatory purpose
Qualitative research:
Tries to describe things in terms of contexts
Has exploratory purpose

26. Quantitative research Qualitative research

28. References