4. CHAER, 2004
Sosiolinguistik adalah
bidang ilmu antardisiplin yang mempelajari bahasa dalam
kaitannya dengan penggunaan bahasa di dalam masyarakat.
Dimensi kemasyarakatan bukan hanya memberi makna kepada bahasa
tetapi juga menyebabkan terjadinya ragam-ragam bahasa.
Ragam bukan hanya dapat menunjukkan adanya perbedaan sosial
dalam masyarakat tetapi juga memberi indikasi mengenai situasi
berbahasa dan mencerminkan tujuan, topik, kaidah, dan modus-modus
penggunaan bahasa.
Sebagai objek dalam sosiolinguistik, bahasa tidak dilihat atau didekati
sebagai bahasa, melainkan sebagai saran interaksi atau komunikasi di
dalam masyarakat.
Sosiolinguistik lebih berhubungan dengan perincian-perincian
penggunaan bahasa yang sebenarnya, seperti deskripsi pola-pola
pemakaian bahasa/dialek dalam budaya tertentu, pilihan pemakaian
bahasa/dialek tertentu yang dilakukan penutur, topik, dan latar
pembicaraan
5. WARDHAUGH, 1998
Sociolinguistics is
concerned with investigating the
relationships between language and society
with the goal being a better understanding of
the structure of language and how languages
function in communication.
8. SO....
SOCIOLINGUISTICS IS NOT SIMPLY AN
AMALGAM OF LINGUISTICS AND
SOCIOLOGY (OR INDEED OF
LINGUISTICS AND ANY OTHER OF
SOCIAL SCIENCES). IT EMBRACES IN
PRINCIPLES AT LEAST EVERY ASPECT
OF THE STRUCTURE AND USE OF
LANGUAGE THAT RELATE TO ITS
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FUNCTIONS
(PRIDE IN SUMARSONO, 2002)
9. BACKGROUND
Actually sociolinguistics study has been done since long long time
age, in 500 BC. It analyzed the traditional languages and dialects.
The study then developed until 1960s.
In 1960s Chomsky’s concept about abstracting language away
from everyday context led to the distillation of a core area of
sociolinguistics.
In 1970’s some scholars led some theories that the opposite of
Chomskyan. They used the social approach to analyze language.
The social approach tries to account for what can be said in a
language, by whom, to whom, in whose presence, when and
where, in what manner and under what social circumtances.
The process of acquiring a language is not just a cognitive
process involving the activation of presdisposition of the human
brain; it is social process as well, that only unfolds in social
interaction.
10. WHAT WE LEARN IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS?
Chaer, 2004
1. Identitas sosial penutur
2. Identitas sosial dari pendengar yang terlibat dalam
proses komunikasi
3. Lingkungan sosial tempat peristiwa tutur terjadi
4. Analisis sinkronik dan diakronik dari dialek-dialek
sosial
5. Penilaian sosial yang berbeda oleh penutur
terhadap perilaku bentuk-bentuk ujaran
6. Tingkatan variasi dan ragam linguistik
7. Penerepan praktis dari penelitian sosiolinguistik
11. COULMAS
Divided into 2 kinds of sosiolinguistics study;
1. Micro-sociolinguistics investigates how social
structure influences the way people talk and how
language varieties and patterns use correlate with
sosial attributes, such as class, sex, and age.
2. Macro-sociolinguistics studies what societies do with
their languages, that is, attitudes and attachments
that account for the functional distribution of speech
forms in society, language shift, maintenance and
replacement, the delimination and interaction of
speech communities.
12. FUNCTION
Give guidance to us to communicate well in
such condition and with such person.
What kind of language we have to use in
such condition and with such person.
To be more tolerate with variatons of
language in global society.
13. RESOURCES
Chaer, Abdul & Leonie Agustina. 2004. Sosiolinguistik
Perkenalan Awal (edisi revisi). Jakarta: PT. Asdi
Mahasatya.
Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics.
New York: Longman Publishing.
Mesthrie, Rajend, Joan Swann & Friends. 2004.
Introducing Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh
University Press.
Sumarsono, 2002. Sosiolinguistik. Yogyakarta : Pustaka
Pelajar
Wardhaugh, Ronald. 1998. An Introduction to
Sociolinguistics (3rd edition). Oxford: Blackwell Publisher
Ltd.
Coulmas, Florian. 2010. The Handbook of
Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Blackwell Publisher Ltd. (online
resources)
