The document provides information about Islam, including: 1) It discusses several famous celebrities who practice Islam such as Mike Tyson, Janet Jackson, and Shaquille O'Neal. 2) It explains the key beliefs and practices of Islam, such as the Five Pillars of Islam which include the Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj. 3) It provides biographical details about the life of the prophet Muhammad and the origins of Islam, including Muhammad's first revelation from God and the migration to Medina to escape persecution in Mecca.

1. Lesson 6: Islam
ALLAN ESTRADA BASUGA

2. Islam
Did you know that there are numerous
celebrities in Hollywood and Philippines
that are practicing the Islamic faith? Can
you identify some of these popular stars
that you know?

3. Islam
Mike Tyson Dave Chapelle Janet Jackson

4. Islam
Shaquille
O’Neal
Jemima Khan Robin Padilla

5. Islam
Who among your favorite Hollywood
stars are Muslims?
Were you surprised when you found out
they are Muslims? Why or why not?

6. Islam
1. What were the various societal and religious
developments in the Arabian region that
necessitated Muhammad’s founding of a
new religion?
2. Why are the “Five Pillars of Islam” integral in
the unity of the Muslim people?

7. Islam
•What did you know about the following
concepts?
Shahada Zakat
Salat Hajj
Sawm

8. Concept Map
ISLAM
SACRED
SCRIPTURE
WORSHIPS
AND
OBSERVANCE
BELIEFS
AND
DOCTRINES
SUBDIVISI
ONS

9. Why do you think Muslim women have to wear the hijab?
Do other religions have the same practice for women?

10. Islam
The Arabic word “Islam” means peace,
submission and obedience. The religion
of Islam is the complete acceptance of
the teachings and guidance of God as
revealed to his Prophet Muhammad.

11. Islam
A Muslim is defined by Islamic scholars as
one who believes in God and strives for
the complete transformation of his life
according to God’s revealed guidance
and the teaching of His Prophets.

12. Symbol
The Cresent Moon and Star
symbol actually predates Islam
by several thousand years.
Origin of the symbol are
difficult to confirm but most
sources agree that these
ancient symbols were in use by
the peoples of Central Asia and
Siberia in their worship of sun,
moon and sky gods.

13. Basic Facts of Islam
Founder Prophet Muhammad (570-632
A.D)
Sacred Texts Qur’an, Hadith
Doctrines Five Pillars of Islam
God Allah
Sacred Space Mosque
Divisions Sunni, Shi’ite, and Sufi
Issues Gender inequality, Militant
Muslim, Migration

14. Qur’an
The Islamic sacred book, believed to
be the word of God as dictated to
Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel
and written down in Arabic. The
chapters (114) that compose it are
called surahs while the verses are
called ayahs (sign); the first surah is
said as part of the ritual prayer. These
touch upon all aspects of human
existence, including matters of
doctrine, social organization, and
legislation.

15. Sura Al-Fatiha- “The Opening”
Sura Al-Fatiha is the first chapter of the
Qur’an, the sacred book of Islam. Its verses are
a prayer for God’s guidance and stress the
lordship and mercy of God (Allah in Arabic).
This chapter has special role in daily prayers
(Salat), being recited at the start of each unit
of prayer.

16. English Translation of Sura Al-Fatiha
“In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful: All
Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Universe,
The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Owner of the Day of Judgement,
You alone do we worship, and You alone we return to for help.
Guide us to the straight path;
The Path of those on whom You have bestowed your Grace,
Not (the way) of those who have earned your anger;
Nor of those who went astray”.

17. The Life of Muhammad
Muhammad is the founder and chief prophet of Islam and
the source of the Qur’an. Muhammad, whose name means
“highly praised,” was born in Mecca in 570 A.D. His father
died shortly before his birth, and he lost his mother at the
age of six. He was then raised primarily by his uncle, (Abu
Talib) for whom he worked as a shepherd. At age nine, he
joined his uncle on a caravan to Syria. As a young man,
Muhammad worked as a camel driver between Syria and
Arabia.

18. The Life of Muhammad
Soon he established a career managing caravans on behalf of
merchants. Through his travel, first with his uncle, and later in his
own career, Muhammad came into contact with people of many
nationalities and faiths, including Jews, Christians, and pagans.
At age 25, Muhammad was employed by Khadija, a wealthy
Meccan widow 15 years his senior. The two were married, and by
all accounts had a loving and happy marriage. Early records state
that, “ Allah comforted him through her, for she made his burden
light.” Although polygamy was a common practice at the time,
Muhammad took no other wife until his death 24 years later.

19. Divine Revelation
In his late 30’s, Muhammad took to regularly
visiting a cave in Mount Hira, on the outskirts of
Mecca, to seek solitude and contemplation. In 610,
at the age of 40, Muhammad returned from one
such visit telling his wife he had either gone mad or
become a prophet, for he had been visited by an
angel. This initially started Khadija, became his first
convert.

20. Divine Revelation
Khadija reported that while in a trance-like state, the
Angel Gabriel appeared to him and said, “Proclaim!” The
Angel persisted, and the prophet repeatedly resisted,
until the Angel finally overwhelmed Muhammad and
commanded him:
Proclaim in the name of your Lord who created;
Created man from a clot of blood, Proclaim:
You Lord is the most generous, who teaches by
The pen; Teaches man that he knew not.

21. Divine Revelation
After receiving Khadija’s support, and
additional angelic visits, Muhammad
became confident he had indeed been
chosen as the messenger of Allah and
began to proclaim as he has been
commanded.

22. Divine Revelation
Muhammad’s message to his countrymen was to
convert from pagan polytheism, immorality and
materialism, repent from evil and worship Allah, the
only true God. He was always careful to clarify his
role in God’s work- he was only a prophet. He was
not an angel, he did not know the mind of God,
and he did not work miracles. He simply preached
what he has received.

23. Divine Revelation
In the first three years of his ministry, Muhammad only
gained 40 followers. As his teachings threaten the
Meccan way of life, both moral and economic, he and his
followers experienced heavy persecution. It first took the
form of mockery, but soon turned into open violence.
Members of the small movement were stoned, covered in
dirt as they prayed, beaten with sticks, thrown into prison
and refused service by merchants.

24. The Hejira
Persecution continued to increase until Muhammed
received some welcome news: He had gained followers in
the city of Yathrib, 280 miles north of Mecca. The city was
in need of a strong leader, and a delegation from Yathrib
proposed that Muhammad take the job. In return, they
pledge to worship Allah only, obey Muhammad and
defend him and his followers to death. Allah revealed to
Muhammad his approval of this arrangement, and
Muhammad made plans to escape to Yathrib.

25. The Hejira
Ancient Mecca Modern Mecca

26. The Hejira
The leaders in Mecca heard of the planned escape, and
attempted to prevent it. But Muhammad and his close
friend Abu Bakr managed to make a narrow escape north
out of the city, evading a Meccan search party and
arriving safely in Yathrib. This event is celebrated by
Muslims as the Hejira. The year in which it occurred, 622,
is the date at which the Muslim calendar begins. Yathrib
was named Medina al-Nabi, “city of the Prophet”, and is
now known simply as Medina, “the City”.

27. Medina in Modern Times

28. The Hejira
In Medina, Muhammad proved himself as an able
politician and statesman as well a prophet.
Exercising superb statecraft, he welded the five
heterogeneous and conflicting tribes of the city,
three of which were Jewish, into an orderly
confederation. His reputation spread and people
began to flock from every part of Arabia to see the
man who had wrought this “miracle”.

29. Battle for Mecca
After establishing himself in Medina, and accomplishing
the job he had been invited to do, the people of Medina
began several years of battle with Muhammad’s former
city. In 624, the Muslims won their first battle against the
Meccans. As the latter had a much larger army, the
former took the victory as a sign that God was on their
side. However, a subsequent battle was not victorious,
and Muhammad himself was wounded.

30. Battle for Mecca
But in 627, the Meccans attacked Medina, and Medina
came out on top. The prophet was not to lose again. In
630, Muhammad and his forces marched to Mecca and
defeated it. The prophet re-dedicated the Ka’ba temple
to Alla, witnessed the conversion to Islam of nearly the
entire Meccan population, then returned to Medina.
Muhammad died in 632, having conquered nearly all of
Arabia for Islam.

31. The Ka’bah or Kaaba in Mecca
The Kaaba is a small
stone building in the
court of the Great
Mosque at Mecca that
contains a sacred black
stone and is the goal of
Islamic pilgrimage and
the point toward which
Muslims turn in
praying.

32. The Ka’bah or Kaaba in Mecca
The cube-shaped structure is roughly 50 feet (15 metres)
high, and it is about 35 by 40 feet (10 by 14 metres) at its
base. Constructed of gray stone and marble, it is oriented
so that its corners roughly correspond to the points of
the compass. The interior contains nothing but the three
pillars supporting the roof and a number of suspended
silver and gold lamps. During most of the year the Kaaba is
covered with an enormous cloth of black brocade,
the kiswah.

33. The Ka’bah or Kaaba in Mecca
Located in the eastern corner of the Kaaba is the Black Stone
of Mecca, whose now-broken pieces are surrounded by a ring
of stone and held together by a heavy silver band. According
to tradition, this stone was given to Adam on his expulsion
from paradise in order to obtain forgiveness of his
sins. Legend has it that the stone was originally white but has
become black by absorbing the sins of the countless
thousands of pilgrims who have kissed and touched it.

34. The Ka’bah or Kaaba in Mecca
Every Muslim who makes the pilgrimage is
required to walk around the Kaaba seven
times, during which he or she kisses and
touches the Black Stone. When the month of
pilgrimages (Dhuʾl-Hijja) is over, a ceremonial
washing of the Kaaba takes place; religious
officials as well as pilgrims take part.

35. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Pillars of Islam, Arabic Arkān al-Islām are the five obligations that every
Muslim must satisfy in order to live a good and responsible life according to
Islam.
1. Shahadah, the Muslim profession of faith (“Nothing deserves worship
except God/Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of God.”
2. Salat or prayer performed in a prescribed manner five times each day;
3. Zakat or giving of alms/charity to benefit the poor and the needy;
4. Sawm or fasting during the month of Ramadan; and
5. Hajj, the major pilgrimage to Mecca, a mandatory religious duty for
Muslims if financial and physical conditions permit.

36. Ramadan
Ramadan, Arabic Ramaḍān, in Islam, the ninth month of
the Muslim calendar and the holy month of fasting. It
begins and ends with the appearance of the new moon.
Islamic tradition states that it was during Ramadan, on the
“Night of Power” (Laylat al-Qadr)—commemorated on
one of the last 10 nights of Ramadan, usually the 27th
night—that God revealed to the
Prophet Muhammad the Qurʾān, Islam’s holy book, “as a
guidance for the people.”

37. Ramadan
For Muslims Ramadan is a period of introspection,
communal prayer (ṣalāt) in the mosque, and
reading of the Qurʾān. God forgives the past sins
of those who observe the holy month with fasting,
prayer, and faithful intention. For 30 days, the
followers of Islam pray and refrain from smoking,
bad behavior-including cursing, gossiping or
fighting, and impure thoughts.

38. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Carrying out these obligations provides the
framework of Muslim’s life, and weaves their
everyday activities and their beliefs into a
single cloth of religious devotion. No matter
how sincerely a person may live, Islam regards
it as pointless to live life without putting faith
into action and practice.

39. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Sincerely reciting the Muslim
profession of faith. The following is
an English translation of the
profession of faith from Arabic:
“Nothing deserves worship except
God (Allah) and Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah”
1. Shahadah:

40. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Performing ritual prayers in
the proper way five times a
day.
2. Salat

41. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Paying (or giving of alms)
(or charity) tax to benefit
the poor and the needy.
3. Zakat

42. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
Fasting during the month of Ramadan.
God forgives the past sins of those
who observe the holy month with
fasting, prayer, and faithful intention.
For 30 days, the followers of Islam
pray and refrain from smoking, bad
behavior-including cursing, gossiping
or fighting, and impure thoughts.
4. Sawm

43. The Five Pillars of Islamic Faith
The Hajj is an annual Islamic
pilgrimage to Mecca, the most holy
city of the Muslims, and a mandatory
religious duty for Muslims that must
be carried out at least one in their
lifetime by all adult Muslims who are
physically and financially capable of
undertaking the journey.
5. Hajj

44. Pilgrimage to Mecca, 2019

45. Concept of Worship
Islam does not teach or accept mere ritualism. It
emphasizes intention and action. To worship God,
according to Islam is to know Him and love Him; to
act upon His Law in every aspect of life; to enjoin
goodness and forbid wrongdoings and oppression;
to practice charity and justice and to serve God by
serving mankind.

46. Different Islamic Sects
Islam appeared to be a solid religion based on
the simplicity of its doctrine and tradition.
However, like other religions, it was also
attacked by the worms of division, as it grew
and developed. A Muslim’s Islamic belief may
take one of the following forms of Islam:

47. Different Islamic Sects
Include 84%-90% of all Muslims.
Sunni means “tradition,” and
Sunnis regard themselves as those
who emphasize following the
traditions of Muhammad and of
the first two generations of the
community of Muslims that
followed Muhammad.
1. Sunni Muslims

48. Different Islamic Sects
Comprise 10%-16% of all Muslims.
Shi’ites are the “party of Ali,” who
believe that Muhammad’s son-in-law
was his designated successor(Imam)
and that the Muslim community
should be headed by a designated
descendant of Muhammad.
2. Shi’ite Muslims

49. Different Islamic Sects
Sufis go beyond external
requirements of Islamic
religion to seek a personal
experience of God through
forms of meditation and
spiritual growth.
3. Sufis or Islamic
Mystics

50. Different Islamic Sects
The movement was founded in 1889 by Mirza
Ghulam Ahmad in India. Mizra claimed that
he was a Reformer, the Second Advent of
both Prophet Muhammad and Jesus. He also
made several claims to religious titles and
accreditation during his lifetime. Most of his
beliefs and claims were rejected by most
Muslims. Since the death of Mizra, the
movement has been led by several Caliphs
and has expanded to 206 countries and
territories around the world.
4. Ahmadiyyas
Muslims

51. Different Islamic Sects
Founded in Iran in the mid-19th century
by Mīrzā Ḥosayn ʿAlī Nūrī. Bahāʾīs
believes in the oneness of humanity and
devote themselves to the abolition of
racial, class, and religious prejudices. The
great bulk of Bahāʾī teachings is
concerned with social ethics; the faith has
no priesthood and does not observe
ritual forms in its worship.
5. Baha’is

52. Assessment Task
1. Recite in front of the class the Sura Al-
Fatiha or the Opening Lines of the Qur’an
(English version).

53. Assessment Task
Provide the needed information about the life of Prophet
Muhammad:
QUESTIONS

54. Performance Task
Timeline

55. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: JUDAISM,
CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

56. POSTER MAKING
Make a poster showing the commonalities among the three
Abrahamic religions. Use the rubric as a guide.
1. Organization- 10
2. Content- 5
3. Visual Presentation-5