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ABILITY
Can
Could
Be able to
Present
Past
Future
REQUEST AND
PERMISION
May
Could
Can
Formal
Informal
OBLIGATION
Must Strong obligation
Have to / Need to
Don’t have to /
Don’t need to /
Needn’t
Lack of
obligation
PROHIBITION
Mustn’t
ADVICE
Should
Ought to
Had better
Should have + V3
POSSIBILITY
Must 90%
Can / May
Could / Might
50%
Can’t 0%
Past
Had better always contains
the suggestion of negative
consequences
General
Most modal verbs…
• have the same form for all persons:
I can, you can, he can…
•do not use do / does to form the negative or interrogative:
Must you came so late?
I shouldn’t be so lazy, etc.
•are followed by the infitive without to:
We must go, they should see, etc.

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Modal verbs

  • 1. ABILITY Can Could Be able to Present Past Future REQUEST AND PERMISION May Could Can Formal Informal OBLIGATION Must Strong obligation Have to / Need to Don’t have to / Don’t need to / Needn’t Lack of obligation PROHIBITION Mustn’t ADVICE Should Ought to Had better Should have + V3 POSSIBILITY Must 90% Can / May Could / Might 50% Can’t 0% Past Had better always contains the suggestion of negative consequences
  • 2. General Most modal verbs… • have the same form for all persons: I can, you can, he can… •do not use do / does to form the negative or interrogative: Must you came so late? I shouldn’t be so lazy, etc. •are followed by the infitive without to: We must go, they should see, etc.