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Waterfall
Analysis:
Startup &
VC Context
OCTOBER 28, 2020
Aleksey Krylov
• 20+ years of experience
• CFO for private/public companies with focus on strategic
transactions (M&A, JV, fundraise)
• 12 years with 4 different family offices: VC, LBO,
structured and distressed investing: 25 deals, $500M+
invested
• Started career in investment banking
• MBA Columbia Business School, BS
Babson College, CFA Charterholder
•
2
TOC
3
Waterfall analysis
Frequent structures
Example
Waterfall
“As the name implies: The analysis
shows the distribution of value at a
liquidity event”
- Aleksey Krylov
4
Liquidity Events
• IPO
• M&A
• Liquidation…
5
“Startups work hard and for a long time to strike
gold on an IPO and M&A, and unfortunately
liquidation can be forced on them quickly,”
- Aleksey Krylov
Clear cut vs.
contested
6
TOC
7
Waterfall analysis
Frequent structures
Example
Securities
Common
RSUs
Convertibles notes/SAFEs
Preferred
Options/warrants
Senior debt/senior secured
debt/debentures
8
“All securities have a role to play, and experience
finance professional can use them skillfully to align
interests of various stakeholders,”
- Aleksey Krylov
Financing
transactions –
startups
9
Founding “round”
Friends/family
Seed/angels – converts/safes
Series A – preferred
Series B – preferred
Series XYZ… or IPO
“Not all funding rounds follow this
sequence, but there is a logic to this
progression which reflects the
company’s growth”
- Aleksey Krylov

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Aleksey Krylov Waterfall Analysis Case Study 7-21-2023