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1. Lifestyle Modification For
The Prevention of Heart Disease

2. Objectives:
• Introduction to cardiovascular diseases
• Lifestyle practices leading to cardiovascular diseases
• Preventive measures

3. Cardiovascular diseases
• Leading cause of death in developed countries.
• Comprise of a group of diseases of the heart and the vascular system.
• The major conditions are
1. Ischemic heart disease (Angina, Myocardial Infarction, etc )
2. Hypertension
3. Cerebrovascular disease (Stroke)
4. Congenital heart disease.
5. Rheumatic heart disease
-Park and Park 24th edition

4. UNHEALTHY LIFESTYLE PRACTICES
-Park and Park, 24th edition

5. Preventive measures
• Dietary changes
• Giving up smoking
• Stress management
• Management of hypertension
• Physical exercise
• Regular health checkup

6. Dietary Changes
• Dietary habits directly affect the CVS in a human body.
• Diet plan to be followed by an individual to have a healthy heart includes
1. Mediterranean diet
2. DASH diet
Mediterranean diet:
Encourage high intake of plant based food like fruits, vegetables and grains
Replace saturated fat (butter) with unsaturated fat like olive oil and salmon oil
 Use of herbs spices instead of salt to flavor food

7.  DASH Diet
• Stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
• It follows guidelines to limit saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium.
• For a 2000cal diet
6-8 1 ounce serving of grains
4-5 1 cup servings of vegetables
4-5 1 cup serving of fruits
2-3 8 ounce of fat free milk or milk product
6 1 ounce serving of meat, poultry or fish

8. Giving Up Smoking
• Placebo or will power. This can be increased by
Written self-help materials
Opportunistic advice from doctor
Face to face behavioral support from specialist
NRT(Nicotine Replacement Therapy ) with limited or intensive
behavioral support

9. Stress Management

10. Management of Hypertension
• Hypertension is considered to be one the major factor for inducing
heart diseases
• For the management of hypertension underlying multifactorial
approaches can be made
Reduced salt intake (5 gm per day or less)
Avoidance of high alcohol intake
Regular physical activities and weight control

11. Regular Physical Exercise
• Maintains proper blood circulation in the body
• Includes jogging, cycling, swimming and brisk walk
Regular Health Checkup
• Helps in early diagnosis of cardiovascular problems
• Helps in preventing the emergence and spread of Cardiovascular
Diseases.

13. THANK YOU