1) Spatial Concepts of Location, Direction and Distance (absolute and relative forms) 2) Regions (defined, characteristic features and distinctions, three major types of regions and examples 3) Demographic transition model (what it reflects and describes; features and background behind the f main stages, examples of countries in each stage) 4) Elements of migration (push vs pull factors, forced vs voluntary migration, the difference between a refugee and internally displaced person, types of migration - interregional, intraregional, etc) 5) Elements and characteristics of Popular and folk culture (along with some specific examples of each) .