Bharata Muni was an ancient Indian scholar who wrote the Natya Shastra, a theoretical treatise on communication in Sanskrit literature. The Natya Shastra outlines principles of verbal and nonverbal communication and theorizes communication uniquely through concepts like Rasa, Sahridayata, and Sadharanikaran. It provides insights into communication in Hindu society and envisions relationship-based communication aimed at achieving common understanding between parties. The Sadharanikaran model of communication illustrated in the Natya Shastra shows communication as a nonlinear, two-way process incorporating physical, mental and spiritual dimensions to achieve goals of Hindu philosophy.

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NATYA SHASTRA :
THE GREAT THEORY
OF INDIAN
COMMUNICATION

2. SUBJECT : THEORIES &
PRINCIPLES OF
COMMUNICATION
NAME : ABINASH AZAD PANI
DEPARTMENT : JOURNALISM &
MASS COMMUNICATION
GUIDED BY : PROF. SOURABH
GUPTA2

3. NATYA SHASTRA : THIS
ENTRY IS TAKEN
FROM THE
DISSERTATION
“THEORY & PRACTICE
OF COMMUNICATION
EXPLOSION OF
BHARATA MUNI”
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BHARATA MUNI
BHARATA MUNI was an ancient Indian theatrologist and
musicologist, who wrote NATYA SHASTRA. It is a
theoretical treatise on ancient Indian communication in
Sanskrit literature. Bharata muni is considered as the father
of Indian theatrical art forms & first communication scholar
of the world.

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Some communication scholars considers
“Bharata” as the religion and “Natya
shastra” as the religion based art. The
invention of this book in various ages of
Indian literature. But there are five
Bharatas in ancient Indian literature as
per regard of mythologists and
historians. In Indian literature except
“Matsya purana”(fish mythology) Natya
shastra’s description no where available.
Hence we considers Bharata as
“Natyashasta praneta”

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TOPICIN BREIF:
The exploration of Natyashastra from
communication prospective has been done
due to its enduring cultural importance in
Bharatavarsiya society as well as its intrinsic
qualification that contribute to contemporary
and future communication.
Bharata’s Natyasashtra has
been approached by various scholars from
different view of points there by giving rise to
different theories and concepts which are
pertinent to different disciplines of
knowledge. The moredn discipline of
communication also has got many insights
from the great treatise.

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Bharata delineates the fundamentals of communication
practices both verbal and non verbal communication.
Perhaps the most insightful account in the subject
matters even today. His perception seems “broad as
well as minute and analytical”.
Bharat muni theorizes communication
uniquely. His Rasa sutra foundation for the theory of
rasa. His theory of Rasa is also the foundation of the
theory of Sadharanikaran. The much discoursed
concept of Sahridayata also owes to Natyashastra itself.
The Sanskrit term “Rasa” contains the
meaning which is a clash of art of recitation , art of
music , art , art of acting.

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Howour vedas relates to natyashastra

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The field of communication theory has been
witnessing a innovative shift. There by
promoting multicultural and
multidisciplinary theorization of
communication. Seeking Indigenous theories
of communication doesn’t mean rejection of
something western , but it must be
independent and creative addition in
discipline by virtue of Sahridayata envisioned
Sadharanikaran theory and SMC generalized
as grand theory.

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Means of rasa Sutra

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Nine sentiments in NATYASHASTRA
which are essential for Sadharanikaran
model of communication (SMC)

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SADHARANIKARAN MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION

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COMMUNICATION OF SAHRIDAYA

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 The structure of the model is non linear . It cooperates
the notion of two way communication process.
 Model illustrates how successful communication is
possible in Hindu society where complex hierarchies of
casts , language, culture and religious practices are
prevalent.
 The relationship between the communicating parties is
of crucial importance in sadharanikaran. Actually
relationship itself significant. For instance , guru sishya
relationship.
 The model shows that abhivyanjana (encoding) and
rasaswadana(decoding) are the fundamental activities in
communication.

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It shows that Hindu prospective on communication
emphasizes more on internal and inter personal
activities. For instance , both the process of encoding
and decoding consist of four layer mechanism in its
ideal form. It connects the rationality of the sensory
organs.
 With the provision of sandarbha (context) the model
clarifies the how meaning could provided even sender is
not identified to the receiver . The intended meaning of
the message can be ascertained due to the context, that
without taking the actual meaning only the intention of
speaker just taking contextual factors into the account.
Thus due to this it says “objective” meaning.

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 The scope of communication from Hindu
prospective is broad. As per Bharata muni in model
of communication is broader enough to deal with all
of the three dimensions of life; adibhautika(physical)
adhaivika (mental)
adhyatmika(spiritual)
 The goal of communication as envisioned in the
model is certainly achieving commonness or mutual
understanding . As Hinduism always emphasizes to
achieve all goals of life dharma, artha, kama,
mokshya , .

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Gestures OF COMMUNICATION SHOWN IN NATYASHASTRA

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OUR CULTURE STILL PREVEALENCINGTHE TRADITIONALFORMS
OF COMMUNICATIONWHICH IS THE PART OF “NATYASHASTRA”

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CONCLUSION : communication Is such process by which in
deal conditions , humans achieve sahridayata . In mental
context communication is the process of gainingknowledge.
Sadharanikaran is a concept of bharata muni ‘s
natyashastra. Which draws the classical theory for the
visualization of hindu perspecting of communication. Thus
communication results in communion in hindusociety.

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