The document discusses managing content changes like errata, retractions, and updates to published articles. It introduces CrossMark as a service from CrossRef that helps address this issue by providing a standardized way for publishers to associate related content like corrections to the original articles. Clicking the CrossMark logo on an article provides information about any content changes from the publisher. The document outlines how publishers can implement CrossMark by depositing metadata with CrossRef and displaying the CrossMark logo on HTML pages and PDFs.

1. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
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Africa,
September
2015
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WhatsThePointSA
“Namaqualand
Springbok”
Managing Errata &
Retractions with CrossMark!
Pretoria 2015
1
Content changes
• “The Web is by nature an interactive
environment, yet online journals are mostly
static, befitting their traditional role as a never-
changing scholarly record”
• Interactive Publications and the Record of Science - ICSTI
Winter Workshop (February 2010)
• How to manage change?
2

2. CrossRef
Workshop,
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Africa,
September
2015
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When content changes …
• … readers need to know!
– Errata
– Retractions
– Updates
– Enhancements
– new editions
– protocol updates
– Notices of concern
– etc.
3
Philosophical
TransacGons
of
the
Royal
Society,
1789
Mistakes happen to all articles
4
And
even
this
arGcle
has
been
corrected
!

3. CrossRef
Workshop,
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Africa,
September
2015
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Some articles need to be retracted
• How can we ensure that it won’t continue to be
read … and cited …
5
Nature 478, 26-28 (2011) Science
publishing: The trouble with retractions.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/478026a
Examples:
PubMed Central
6

4. CrossRef
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September
2015
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But not so clear on PubMed
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And sometimes delayed …
8
No
menGon
here
…

5. CrossRef
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September
2015
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And what about publisher sites?
• Are updates clear?
9
Does
this
arGcle
have
correcGons?

6. CrossRef
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September
2015
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7. CrossRef
Workshop,
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September
2015
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And
offline
…
?
• PDF
files
saved
offline
No
menGon
here…
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8. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
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Africa,
September
2015
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Unfortunately
• Changes are not always very clear
• Every publishers manages them differently
– Confusing to readers
• They require on-going work from the publisher
– Staff time, perhaps money to pay for updates
15
And beyond the publisher’s website
• Articles are read offline
– PDFs downloaded
– HTML pages cached
• Articles lodged elsewhere on the web
– Institutional repositories
– Personal websites
• How can these be linked with any changes?
16

9. CrossRef
Workshop,
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South
Africa,
September
2015
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HOW CROSSMARK WORKS
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What it is
• A logo that identifies a publisher-maintained
copy of a piece of content
• Clicking the logo tells you
– Whether there have been any updates
– If this version is being maintained by the publisher
– Where the publisher-maintained version is
– Other important publication record information
18

10. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
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Africa,
September
2015
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Erratum
hWp://dx.doi.org
10.1234/PDS004e1
Currently:
An
erratum
is
not
linked
to
the
ar7cle
Unless
you
edit
the
HTML
page
and
the
PDF
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.7707/BF00279143
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279147
Sadlksl]jsdf
df
jldj_j
f
19
But
they
both
have
DOIs
Both
are
registered
with
CrossRef
So
why
not
associate
the
erratum
with
the
DOI
being
corrected?
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279147
Associated
with
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0027997
Erratum
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0027997
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11. CrossRef
Workshop,
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September
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Erratum
hWp://dx.doi.org
10.1234/PDS015
Associated
with
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0027997
Erratum
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF0027997
hWp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279147
Clicking
on
the
CrossMark
logo
queries
the
CrossMark
database
And
calls
up
any
items
associated
with
the
arGcle
21
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12. CrossRef
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September
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23
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13. CrossRef
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Other uses
• It can also provide additional information
– FundRef funder information
– Conflict of interest statements
– Publication history (submission, revision and
accepted dates)
– Location of data deposits or registries
– Peer review process used
– CrossCheck plagiarism screening status
– License types
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14. CrossRef
Workshop,
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September
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What
kind
of
Publica7on
Record
informa7on
can
be
made
available?
• Funding
informaGon
via
FundRef
• Conflict
of
interest
statements
• PublicaGon
history
– submission,
revision
and
accepted
dates
• LocaGon
of
data
deposits
or
registries
• Peer
review
process
used
• CrossCheck
plagiarism
screening
• License
types
via
CrossRef
TDM
• and
more…
28

15. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
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Africa,
September
2015
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Latest
numbers
• 2.2
million
CrossMark
deposits
• 22,700
status
updates
– 15,600
correcGons
– 622
retracGons
• 5.4
million
asserGons
(Record
tab
info)
• 75
publishers
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• Marketing Microsite available
– http://www.crossref.org/crossmark/index.html
• Banner ads for publisher use
30

16. CrossRef
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Africa,
September
2015
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HOW TO IMPLEMENT THE CROSSMARK
PUBLICATION RECORD SERVICE
31
Rules
• Any CrossRef member can participate
– Any item with a DOI can display a CrossMark logo
• Obligations of participants
– Maintain your content
– Keep CrossMark metadata up to date
– Adhere to the logo display guidelines
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17. CrossRef
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Africa,
September
2015
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1. Create a CrossMark policy page
• Explain
– CrossMark service
– Your commitment to maintain the content
– Publisher policies on corrections, retractions, etc.
• Define any custom metadata fields for the
Record Tab (e.g. peer review process)
• Assign the page a DOI for persistent linking
• Deposit the Policy Page with CrossRef
– http://crossmarksupport.crossref.org/crossmark-
policy-page/
33
2. Deposit CrossMark metadata
• As part of the regular DOI deposit
– Part of the entire DOI metadata record
– For back files you can deposit just CrossMark
metadata
• http://crossmarksupport.crossref.org/technical-
implementation-guidelines/
34

18. CrossRef
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CrossMark Metadata
• The minimum metadata comprises:
– CrossRef DOI of the content the CrossMark logo is
being applied to
• i.e. the original article
– CrossRef DOI for the publisher’s CrossMark policy
page
– CrossRef DOI of any piece of content that is being
updated
• i.e. the erratum, or the retraction notice
35
3. Keep your metadata up to date!
• Send updates
– As you would for URL or other metadata updates
• <updates>
<update
type="correction"
label="Correction”
date="2010-03-24”>
10.5555/1571
</update>!
• </updates>
36

19. CrossRef
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4. Record CrossRef DOIs in the
HTML page metadata
• <meta name=“dc.identifier” content=“doi:
5555.1371/0050222”>
37
5. Add CrossMark logo to HTML
article landing pages
• See logos and usage guidelines
– http://crossmarksupport.crossref.org/crossmark-
logos-and-usage-guidelines/
• Use the CrossRef widget from CrossRef website
to add logo and link to website
– http://crossmarksupport.crossref.org/technical-
implementation-guidelines/
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20. CrossRef
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6. Add CrossMark metadata and
logos to PDFs
• Metadata
– Minimum = the CrossRef DOI and CrossMark domain
– “pdfmark”embeds metadata in PDF files
– http://labs.crossref.org/pdfmark/
• CrossMark logo
– “pdfstamp”adds image (stamp) to a PDF with a URL
link
– http://labs.crossref.org/pdfstamp/
39
7. Collect and deposit additional
publication record metadata
(optional)
• Decide which additional metadata you want to
add
• Collect it from editorial and production systems
• Deposit to CrossRef
• Plenty of examples on CrossMark site
http://crossmarksupport.crossref.org/
crossmark-examples-and-annotated-sample-
site-3/
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21. CrossRef
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September
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The cost
• No extra cost
• Per-item deposit fee for each erratum/retraction
deposited (the same as for a regular item)
– Current content (within past 2 years) $0.20
– Backfile content $0.02
• No additional annual membership fees
41
Find out more
http://www.crossref.org/crossmark
• With introductory video
• Email list for updates
• Webinars and presentations
42

22. CrossRef
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