vocational education

1. Pendidikan vokasi
indonesia:
Tantangan AND
REALITas
DR.PHIL. MOH. SANNI MUFTI ALAMSYAH,ST.,M.PD
BBPPMPV BMTI

2. PERKIRAAN POPULASI INDONESIA DI 2050

3. POPULASI INDONESIA DI 2022

4. TVET is expected to
remain highly relevant in
the future as it addresses
the demand for specific
skills, bridges the skills
gap, promotes innovation
and entrepreneurship,
supports lifelong learning,
contributes to global
development goals, and
embraces digital
transformation.
TVET IN
FUTURES

5. Source :Emerging Challenges in Technical Vocational Education and Training of Pakistan in the Context of CPEC
(Bano, et.al, 2022)
CHALLENGES IN TVET

6. High-skilled jobs Middle-skilled job Low-skilled jobs
The labour market is becoming polarized in high and middle income
countries…
Annual average change in employment share, 1995-2012 (% points)
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
High-skilled jobs Middle-skilled jobs Low-skilled jobs
6
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level: Are TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

7. At the same time informality in labour market remains high…
7
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level: Are
TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

8. UNESCO EDUCATIONSECTOR 4
40
30
20
10
0
Latin America World
& Caribbean
Middle East & South Asia Sub-Saharan High income: Europe &
North Africa Africa OECD Central Asia
East Asia &
Pacific
% unskilled workers, out of all production workers
% firms identifying labor regulations as a major constraint
% firms identifying an inadequately educated workforce as a major constraint
….While the lack of skills is a constraining economic activity
Source: The World Bank, 2016
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level:
Are TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

9. Example of reforms
VET Reform 2018: The number of qualifications will
decrease from the current 360 to 150. Students would have
more freedom of choice within a specific qualification than
nowadays. Vocational qualifications would still provide
eligibility for higher education.
Starting 2019 adopt a Cluster of occupation
architecture (Famille de métiers). 15 Cluster will be
defined in partnership with social partners.
T-Level Reform will reduce the number of qualifications.
13,000 technical qualifications to be streamlined to just
15 paths.
From 4,610 qualifications (levels 1–6) will be reduced to
1200. The reviewed qualifications have been replaced by
new qualifications and are being progressively
discontinued.
9
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level:
Are TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

10. KEY TVET POLICY MEASURES
Better anticipation and assessment of labour
market changes
Development of well-informed quality
and inclusive learning pathways,
including qualifications and curriculum
frameworks; and
Improvement of governance, including whole
government, public-private partnerships and
enabling financing;
10
Monitoring and evaluation, Management
Information Systems;
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level:
Are TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

11. 1. Lifelong Learning entitlements (Australia,
France, Singapore);
1. Recognition of prior learning (Brazil,
Norway and Portugal);
3. Career guidance and counselling
(Denmark and France) and
4. Other rights: Right to information/internet,
social security, privacy, etc. (EU social right,
Finland)
11
Source : The challenges of technical vocational education at a global level:
Are TVET Systems Future-Ready?, Borhene Chakroun, 2019

12. Key factors for TVET management implementation for answering the industry
demands
Develop a responsive and flexible curriculum
that reflects current industry practices and
emerging technologies. Regularly review and
update the curriculum in consultation with
industry experts to incorporate new skills,
technologies, and industry standards. This
ensures that graduates are equipped with the
most up-to-date knowledge and skills.
Curriculum Design and Review
Establish training facilities that replicate real-
world working environments as closely as
possible. This can include workshops, labs,
and simulated workplaces. Industry-linked
facilities provide hands-on training
opportunities, allowing students to practice
their skills in a realistic setting.
Industry-Linked Training
Facilities
Incorporate work-based learning
components, such as internships,
apprenticeships, or cooperative education
programs, into the TVET curriculum. These
opportunities allow students to gain practical
experience, apply their skills in real-world
settings, and establish professional networks.
Industry partners can also play an active role
in mentoring and assessing students during
work-based learning periods.
Work-Based Learning
Implement robust quality assurance
mechanisms to ensure that TVET programs
meet industry standards. Seek accreditation
from relevant industry bodies or certification
authorities to enhance the credibility and
recognition of the training programs. Regular
evaluations, assessments, and feedback loops
with industry partners can help identify areas
for improvement and ensure program
effectiveness.
Quality Assurance and
Accreditation
Recruit and train instructors who have
relevant industry experience and expertise.
They should possess the necessary technical
skills and be familiar with industry practices.
Continuous professional development
programs (re-skilling and up-skilling program)
for instructors can keep them updated on
industry advancements and teaching
methodologies.
Qualified and Competent
Instructors
Maintain regular communication and
engagement with industry stakeholders to
stay abreast of changing industry needs. This
can be achieved through industry advisory
boards, employer surveys, or regular
meetings. By keeping a pulse on industry
trends, TVET institutions can adapt their
programs accordingly and maintain relevance.
Continuous Industry
Collaboration and Engagement
Conduct a thorough analysis of the local and
regional labor market to identify emerging
trends, skill gaps, and industry demands. This
analysis can help inform the development of
training programs and ensure they meet the
specific needs of the job market.
Labor Market Analysis
Competence worker

13. THANK YOU