Myocardial Infarction

1. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
(MI)
Presented by
Amer M. Nasir
Lecturer Assistance

2. L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V
E SOn completion of this chapter, the learner will be able to:
•Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI).
•Identification of common causes of
myocardial infaraction.
•Identification Signs and symptoms of
myocardial infaraction .
•Identification of Diagnostic tests used for
myocardial infaraction.
•Identification of management of MI.

3. Definition
Death of portion of the myocardial muscle
cells caused by a lack of oxygen from
inadequate perfusion.

5. Causes
1-Atherosclerosis.
•2-Embolism or thrombus.

6. Signs and Symptoms
• 1- Crushing, burning, tightness, or
squeezing substernal pain: may radiated to
the jaw, neck, ears, or shoulders.
• -Lasts longer than anginal pain,usually longer
than 30 minutes.
• -Unrelived by rest or nitroglycerin.
• -May not be present (asymptpmatic or silent (MI).

7. Signs and Symptoms
2-Dyspnea
3-Arrythmiase.
4-Nausea and vomiting.
5-Diaphoreses.
6-Fatigue (especially in women).

8. Chest PainChest Pain

9. Laboratory and Diagnostic Test
• ECG : Elevation of ST segment.
1-ECG: elevation ST segment.
1-ECG: elevation ST segment.

10. IV. Laboratory and Diagnostic Test
2-Elevate myoglobin and troponin

11. Management of MI:
•1-Admission to CCU (Cardiac care unit) at least 72
hours.
•2-Oxygen.
3-Two line canula.

12. Management of MI:
4-pharmacological treatment include:
1-Antipletlets(chewing 325mg of Aspirine) or
plavix (clopiodegrel).
2-Nitrates :(Angeside , Isordil).
3-Thrombolytics :( Actylase, metalase).
4_Anticoagulants: (heparin).
5-Beta-adrenergic blockers: (Betaloc).
6-ACE inhibitors :(capotin).
7-Pain killer: (pethidine,Tramal).
8-Sedative: (Valium).
9-Lipid lowering agents: (Statin group).

13. Complications
1-Arrhythmias
2-Heart failure.
3-Cardiogenic shock.

14. Possible surgical intervention
• coranory artery bypass graft (CAPG)
• percatenous transluminal coronary angioplasty
(PTCA)