This document summarizes a project seminar on a solar-powered go-kart presented by three students. The solar go-kart uses a 48V battery pack, 48V 50Amp controller, and 250W solar panel. It has a chassis made of iron pipe, a 48V 650W BLDC motor, and a 48V 50Amp controller to control the motor speed. The go-kart's battery is charged by the solar panel and it can run at speeds of 20-25km/h. Advantages of the solar go-kart include being noiseless, economical, reliable, eco-friendly, having a maximum life, and requiring less maintenance than other options.

1. A
PROJECT SEMINAR
ON
SOLAR GO-KART
PRESENTED BY –
NEHA SHUKLA (1328140015)
MOHD FAIZAN KHAN (1328140013)
SHAGIR AHAMAD (1328140021)
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University

3. CONTENTS
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 HISTORY OF GO-KART
 INTRODUCTION OF GO-KART
 SOLAR GO-KART
 ADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 Apart from the efforts of ours, the success of any project depends largely on the
encouragement and guidelines of many others.
 We take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the people who have been
instrumental in the successful completion of this project.
 We would like to show our appreciation to the Director Dr. AJIT KUMAR SINGH
for his support. We would also like to thank HEAD OF DEPARTMENT Mr.
MANOJ KUMAR CHAUDHARY for sharing his knowledge. We feel grateful to
Co-ordinator Mr. VIMLESH PAL & our PROJECT GUIDE Mr.
CHANDRESH TRIPATHI . Without his encouragement and guidance this project
would not have been materialized.
 The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed the non-
teaching staff, the workshop staff was vital for the success of the project. We are
grateful for their constant support and help.

5. HISTORY OF GO-KART
 During the last few decades, environmental impact of the petroleum based
transportation infrastructure, along with the peak oil, has led to renewed interest in
an electric transportation infrastructure.
 Electric vehicles first came into existence in the mid-19th century, when electricity
was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of
comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the
time.
 The internal combustion engine (ICE) is the dominant propulsion method for motor
vehicles but electric power has remained common place in other vehicle types, such
as trains and smaller vehicles of all types.

6. INTRODUCTION OF GO-KART
 A Go-Kart is a small four wheeled vehicle. Go Karts come in all shapes and forms,
from motor less models to medium powered racing machines, like Golf –Kart. It is a
completion to bring and enhance good engineering approach and practice for
graduating and diploma students in engineering.
 Electric vehicles first came into existence in the mid-19th century, when electricity
was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of
comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the
time.
 The internal combustion engine (ICE) is the dominant propulsion method for motor
vehicles but electric power has remained commonplace in other vehicle types, such
as trains and smaller vehicles of all types.

7. SOLAR GO-KART
INTRODUCTION:-
 A Go-Kart is a small four wheeled vehicle. Go Karts come in all shapes and forms,
from motor less models to medium powered racing machines, like Golf –Kart. It is a
completion to bring and enhance good engineering approach and practice for
graduating and diploma students in engineering.
 In this project we took a Go-Kart designed to take a motor and made it electric and
solar powered. It uses 48V battery pack with 48V 50Amp. controller and 250Watt
solar panel to charge the pack. Runs great with a low speed of 20-25Km/h. It took
us a few months to build out this solar powered, electric Go-Kart.

8. MAJOR PARTS OF SOLAR GO-KART
 CHASSIS
 MOTOR
 CONTROLLER
 BATTERY
 SOLAR

9. CHASSIS
 Dimension of Chassis is 1.70m X 1.00 m.
 The weight of chassis is 35kg approx.
 The material of the chassis is iron pipe.
 The strength of the chassis is high.

11. MOTOR
Motor used is 48V, 650Watt.
BLDC motor used.
The RPM of the motor is 2500.
 BLDC motors are synchronous motors powered by DC electricity.
 BLDC motors are implemented as stepper motors.
 The motor structural elements of a BLDC motor system is typically permanent
magnet, synchronous motor, but can also be a switched reluctance motor, or induction
motor.

12. APPLICATIONS OF BLDC MOTOR:-
 High power brushless motors are used in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
 Brushless motors are used in HVAC and refrigeration industries instead of AC
motors.
 In manufacturing, brushless motors are used for motion control, positioning or
actuation systems.
 Brushless motors are commonly used as pump, fan and spindle drives in adjustable
or variable speed applications.
 Brushless motors are widely used as servo motors.

14. CONTROLLER
 It is operated at 48V 50Amp.
 It is connected with battery and motor.
 It is control the power supply to motor and speed of motor.
 The dimension of it is 180mm X 82mm X 41mm.

16. BATTERY
 Previously banks of conventional lead-acid car batteries were commonly used for
EV propulsion. Then later the 75 watt-hour/kilogram lithium-ion polymer battery
prototypes came. The newer Li-poly cells provide up to 130 watt-hour/kilogram and
last through thousands of charging cycles.
 According to a 2005 estimate, the world wide battery industry generates US$48
billion sales each year, with 6% annual growth.
 A battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy. It
consists of a number of voltaic cells, each voltaic cell consists of two half-cells
connected in series by a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations.
 One of the most common type of 12V battery is the 12Vlead acid battery. It is a DC
battery with lead terminals and an acid.

18. SOLAR
 Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy
for generating electricity or heating.
 A photovoltaic (PV) module is a packaged, connect assembly of typically 6×10
photovoltaic solar cells.
 Photovoltaic modules constitute the photovoltaic array of a photovoltaic system that
generates and supplies solar electricity in commercial and residential applications.
 Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard test conditions (STC),
and typically ranges from 100 to 365 watts.

21. EFFICIENCIES:-
 Efficiencies of solar panel can be calculated by MPP (Maximum power point) value
of solar panels.
 Solar inverters convert the DC power to AC power by performing MPPT process:
solar inverter samples the output Power from the solar cell and applies the proper
resistance (load) to solar cells to obtain maximum power.
 MPP (Maximum power point) of the solar panel consists of MPP voltage (V mpp)
and MPP current (I mpp): it is a capacity of the solar panel and the higher value can
make higher MPP.
 Solar power allows for greater efficiency than heat, such as the generation of energy
in heat engines. The drawback with heat is that most of the heat created is lost to the
surroundings.

22. APPLICATIONS:-
 Photovoltaic power stations.
 Rooftop solar PV systems.
 Standalone PV systems.
 Solar hybrid power systems.
 Concentrated photovoltaic.
 Solar planes.
 Solar-pumped lasers.
 Solar vehicles.
 Solar panels on spacecrafts and space stations.

23. ADVANTAGES
 Noiseless.
 Economical.
 Reliable.
 Eco-friendly.
 Maximum life.
 Less maintenance required.