Devices

1. Page 1
1) INPUT DEVICES:
 Decades ago Apple pioneered mass-uptake of the mouse, and now they're out to
break new ground with a new type of input device: The Magic Track pad, announced
this morning.
 The sleek little rectangle works just like the track pad on a Mac Book (and is made
from the same opaque glass).
 But its way bigger, giving you more room to maneuver your mitt; as you can see in
the photo below.
 It’s about the same size front-to-back as Apple's Bluetooth keyboard. And yes, the
surface is both clickable and double-clickable.
 The device should appeal strongly to minimalists: There are no wires as it works via
Bluetooth, and the sleek, futuristic form is about as pared down as you can get.
 I use Expose a lot, and I find even the tiny act of having to move my hand from the
mouse to my Mac Book’s track pad is enough to break my workflow.
 The Magic Track pad will preclude this, as Expose can be invoked directly from the
device.
 On top of that, something about touch makes manipulating a mouse across a surface
seem anachronistic, like pushing a Tonka truck around as a child.
 Your correspondent, for one, will be ditching his dust-catching mouse pad to dive
into full-time touch fingers-first.

2. Page 2
2) STORAGE DEVICES:
 Consumer Electronics Show, Las Vegas, January 5, 2011-SanDisk Corporation
(NASDAQ: SNDK), the global leader in flash memory cards, today announced that its
32 gigabyte (GB)1 and 64GB SanDisk® P4 modular solid state drives (pSSD) were
selected by ASUS as the SSDs of choice for its new Eee Slate EP121 tablet computers
introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show.
 The SanDisk P4 SSD fits ASUS' thin design and low power consumption
requirements for its newest tablet.
 SSDs use flash memory technology and have no moving parts, offering improved
durability that helps prevent data loss resulting from drive failure.
 SSD-equipped devices can run quieter, cooler and come in smaller form factors than
are possible with conventional hard disk drives (HDD).
 Running Microsoft Windows 7 home premium edition OS with an Intel® Core™ i5
processor, the tablet is ideal for media creation and consumption for on-the-go
productivity with the power of a laptop and the flexibility of a tablet.
 With its 12-inch high-resolution touch screen, wide-view angle, thin size (312 x
207.2 x 16.95mm) and total weight of 1.16Kg, the ASUS Eee Slate EP121 is ideal for
on-the-go business people who need an advanced computing device that can easily
be taken anywhere.
 With no moving parts, the SanDisk P4 SSD contributes to the 10-hour battery life of
the tablet, allowing consumers to operate the Eee Slate EP121 for an entire business
day or overseas flight without having to recharge.
 Thin, highly mobile designs, strong performance, long battery life and exceptional
durability are key requirements that the SanDisk P4 SSD meets and exceeds.

3. Page 3
3) PROCESSING DEVICES:
 Researchers a new type of optical device small enough to fit millions on a computer
chip that could lead to faster, more powerful information processing and
supercomputers.
 The "passive optical diode" is made from two tiny silicon rings measuring 10
microns in diameter, or about one-tenth the width of a human hair.
 Unlike other optical diodes, it does not require external assistance to transmit
signals and can be readily integrated into computer chips.
 The diode is capable of "nonreciprocal transmission," meaning it transmits signals
in only one direction, making it capable of information processing.
 Although fiber optic cables are instrumental in transmitting large quantities of data
across oceans and continents, information processing is slowed and the data are
susceptible to cyber attack when optical signals must be translated into electronic
signals for use in computers, and vice versa.
 "This translation requires expensive equipment, "What you'd rather be able to do is
plug the fiber directly into computers with no translation needed, and then you get a
lot of bandwidth and security."
 Electronic diodes constitute critical junctions in transistors and help enable
integrated circuits to switch on and off and to process information.
4) OUTPUT DEVICES:
Antec sound science rockus 3D 2.1

4. Page 4
 Antec has just announced the availability of its sound science rockus 3D 2.1 speaker
system, where it was specially designed to deliver a personal theater experience to
the masses.
 How about the power and realism of 3D sound coupled with the clarity and accuracy
of high-fidelity audio?
 This would definitely jive with your latest stereoscopic 3D movies as well as games,
since it will stay in step with whatever’s shown on the screen to have your ears
agree.
 Boasting sound science’s 3D audio technology known as 3Dsst, this suite of DSP
(digital sound processing) algorithms are more than capable of developing a virtual
surround sound experience from just 2.1 stereo speakers.
 Apart from that, the sound science rockus will also come with a dedicated music
mode that has been optimized for organic stereo sound reproduction, letting users
enjoy music with deep, visceral sub-bass, powerful, spacious midst and crisp highs.
 Since it is made out of anodized aluminum, that material reduces distortion caused
by enclosure vibration and rattling that plagues old school PC speakers.
 Apart from that, its subwoofer will utilize passive radiator technology so that one
will be able to enjoy an expansive range of bass comparable to larger footprint
subwoofers.
 Anodized aluminum satellites that reduce vibration and minimize distortion,
resulting in clear mid and sparkling high-range sound
 Total output of speakers is 150W, with each satellite delivering 25W and the
subwoofer producing 100W, comparable to larger footprint subwoofers
 3D-tuned drivers to deliver audio optimized for sound science’s 3Dsst technology
 Dual-mode operation: 3D mode for enveloping games and movies, and music mode
for faithful stereo music playback
 Optical input for playback of digital audio from game consoles (Xbox 360, PS3,) and
other, similarly equipped devices
 Remote control pod for volume adjustment, 3D/music mode selection, muting and
digital/analog input selection
 Frequency response is 10Hz to 20 kHz
 Expect the sound science rock us 3D 2.1 speaker system to retail for $249.99.

5. Page 5
5) NETWORKING DEVICES:
UNIVERSAL WIFI RANGE EXTENDER
 The Universal Wi-Fi Range Extender meets consumer demand for wireless coverage
in every corner of the house.
 This demand is due to the increasing presence of iPads and mobile devices.
 The extender can increase the coverage of an existing home network to eliminate
"dead zones" and provides more network bandwidth for entertainment, gaming and
social networking applications.
 If there are rooms in the house that have dropped or limited coverage because they
are not within proximity to the router, the Universal Wi-Fi Range Extender boosts
the existing WiFi signal.
 The extender is placed between the router and the areas of a home where additional
WiFi access and bandwidth are needed.
 The extender plugs directly into an electrical outlet without need for additional
wiring.
 Designed for ease-of-setup, consumers can add the extender to their home networks
with the push of a button.
 Available March 2011, the Universal Wi-Fi Range Extender will have an MSRP of
$89.99.

6. Page 6
6) PROGRAMMING DEVICES:
Wireless Pacemaker Programming
Device Unveiled at USC Body Computing
Conference
 The conceptual device is said to facilitate access to electronic medical records
during pacemaker procedures.
 In addition, it enables nurses to operate equipment with real-time remote support
from doctors and technicians.
 The device is a result of collaboration between Karten Design and the USC Center for
Body Computing (CBC).
 Check out the press release:
 Today, health care facilities must store and maintain up to
five distinct programming systems, which are all operated
by off-site manufacturers’ representatives.
 Design to define and develop an easily implementable
solution that embraces wireless technology and modern
ceremonies to simplify the process.
 The Universal Programmer is designed to replace
manufacturers’ proprietary programmers with a single
interface.
 Instead of storing five separate systems, physicians can plug
manufacturers’ wands, which communicate with
programming protocols in each branded pacemaker, into the
Universal Programmer.

7. Page 7
 Incorporating familiar ceremonies from consumer
electronics to improve communication between care
providers, the programmer becomes a communication
portal with dual web cameras, microphones and speakers.
 Two touch screen panels simplify user interface and guide
users step by step through the process of programming
pacemakers for invasive procedures.
 Healthcare professionals can update a patient’s electronic medical record directly
on the device.
 Patient information is stored in the cloud; (Center) A nurse can operate the
Universal Programmer with remote support—avoiding the need to have a rep from
the manufacturer come to the site; (Bottom) The device’s interface includes various
failsafe functions to protect the patient.
7) WEBSITES DEVELOPMENT TOOLS:
 Web development is a broad term for the work involved in developing a web site for the
Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private network).
 This can include web design, web content development, client liaison, client-side/server-
side scripting, web server and network security configuration, and e-commerce
development.
 However, among web professionals, "web development" usually refers to the main non-
design aspects of building web sites: writing markup and coding.
 Web development can range from developing the simplest static single page of plain text
to the most complex web-based internet applications, electronic businesses, or social
network services.
 For larger organizations and businesses, web development teams can consist of hundreds
of people (web developers).
 Smaller organizations may only require a single permanent or contracting webmaster, or
secondary assignment to related job positions such as a graphic designer and/or
information systems technician.
 Web development may be a collaborative effort between departments rather than the
domain of a designated department.

8. Page 8
8) DATABASE:
 The database technology is getting complex by every passing day due to the increasing
requirements of industry. And that is understandable.
 Database is the base and backbone of any organization large or small.
 A sizable percentage of the software’s available today deal with back end database as
they require some place or repository to store data into.
 When it comes to implementing a database technology into some software that is being
developed one is confronted with a very tough choice of whether to buy a very costly
database from a database technology vendor which can cost you a bomb or to go for a
free database technology which is free and open source.
 The choice of technology you use for database can affect the whole lifetime and
maintenance of software.
 While it may seem that using an open source technology costs less nothing especially if
one in not required paying anything, it may prove to be a bad decision afterwards when
the software vendor refuses to provide any technical support or the support provided is
not up to the mark.
 On other side, if you decide to go for proprietary software as your company has got deep
pockets and is ready to spend money required, you may find out that technical support for
that product is excellent but still does not justify the hefty cost that was incurred for
buying latest database technology.
 Today more and more developers are switching to the open source and free software
technology whether it is a database or programming language or an integrated
development environment which makes developing software easy and also which makes
it easy to grasp the new technology with in minimum time frame.
 Oracle database technology is no doubt a clear leader in the field of storage online or
offline.

9. Page 9
9) INTERNET BROWSER:
 A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing
information resources on the World Wide Web.
 An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be
a web page, image, video, or other piece of content.
 Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related
resources.
 A web browser can also be defined as an application software or program designed to
enable users to access, retrieve and view documents and other resources on the Internet.
 Although browsers are primarily intended to access the World Wide Web, they can also
be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file
systems. The major web browsers are Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Opera,
and Safari.
 The first widely used web browser was NCSA Mosaic.
 The Mosaic programming team then created the first commercial web browser called
Netscape Navigator, later renamed Communicator, then renamed back to just Netscape.

10. Page 10
 The Netscape browser led in user share until Microsoft Internet Explorer took the lead in
1999 due to its distribution advantage.
 A free open source software version of Netscape was then developed called Mozilla,
which was the internal name for the old Netscape browser, and released in 2002.
 Mozilla has since gained in market share, particularly on non-Windows platforms, largely
due to its open source foundation, and in 2004 was released in the quickly popular
Firefox version.
 A chronological listing of some of the influential early web browsers that advanced the
state of the art is provided below:
 World Wide Web. Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first web browser on a NeXT computer,
called Worldwide Web, finishing the first version on Christmas day, 1990.
 He released the program to a number of people at CERN in March, 1991, introducing the
web to the high energy physics community, and beginning its spread.
 Lib www. Berners-Lee and a student at CERN named Jean-Francois Groff ported the
Worldwide Web application from the NeXT environment to the more common C
language in 1991 and 1992, calling the new browser Libwww.
 Groff later started the first web design company, Info Design.
 Chalice-mode. Nicola Pillow, a math student interning at CERN, wrote a line-mode web
browser that would work on any device, even a teletype.
 In 1991, Nicola and the team ported the browser to a range of computers, from UNIX to
Microsoft DOS, so that anyone could access the web, at that point consisting primarily of
the CERN phone book.
 Arise. After a visit from Robert Cilia, a group of students at Helsinki University of
Technology joined together to write a web browser as a master's project.
 Since the acronym for their department was called "OTH", they called the browser
"arise", as a joke on the word "otherwise".
 The final version was released in April, 1992, and included several advanced features, but
wasn't developed further after the students graduated and went on to other jobs.
 Viola WWW. Pei Wei, a student at the University of California at Berkeley, released the
second browser for UNIX, called ViolaWWW, in May, 1992.
 This browser was built on the powerful interpretive language called Viola that Wei had
developed for UNIX computers.
 ViolaWWW had a range of advanced features, including the ability to display graphics
and download applets.
 Midas. During the summer of 1992, Tony Johnson at SLAC developed a third browser
for UNIX systems, called Midas, to help distribute information to colleagues about his
physics research.
 Samba. Robert Cilia started development of the first web browser for the Macintosh,
called Samba.
 Development was picked up by Nicola Pillow, and the browser was functional by the end
of 1992.
 Mosaic. Marc Andreessen and Eric Binna from the NCSA released the first version of
Mosaic for X-Windows on UNIX computers in February, 1993.
 A version for the Macintosh was developed by Aleks Totic and released a few months
later, making Mosaic the first browser with cross-platform support.

11. Page 11
 Mosaic introduced support for sound, video clips; forms support, bookmarks, and history
files, and quickly became the most popular non-commercial web browser.
 In August, 1994, NCSA assigned commercial rights to Mosaic to Spyglass, Inc., which
subsequently licensed the technology to several other companies, including Microsoft for
use in Internet Explorer.
 The NCSA stopped developing Mosaic in January 1997.
 Arena. In 1993, Dave Daggett at Hewlett-Packard in Bristol, England, developed a
browser called Arena, with powerful features for positioning tables and graphics.
 Lynx. The University of Kansas had written a hypertext browser independently of the
web, called Lynx, used to distribute campus information. A student named Lou Montello
added an Internet interface to the program, and released the web browser Lynx 2.0 in
March, 1993.
 Lynx quickly became the preferred web browser for character mode terminals without
graphics, and remains in use today. Resources include the Browser.org Lynx page, the
ISC Lynx page, and the Lynx User Guide.
 Cello. Tom Bruce, cofounder of the Legal Information Institute, realized that most
lawyers used Microsoft PC's, and so he developed a web browser for that platform called
Cello, finished in the summer of 1993.
 Opera. In 1994, the Opera browser was developed by a team of researchers at a
telecommunication company called Teleport in Oslo, Norway. The following year, two
members of the team -- Jon Stephenson von Tetchier and Geir Ivarsøy -- left Teleport to
establish Opera Software to develop the browser commercially. Opera 2.1 was first made
available on the Internet in the summer of 1996.
 Internet in a box. In January, 1994, O'Reilly and Associates announced a product called
Internet in a Box which collected all of the software needed to access the web together,
so that you only had to install one application, instead of downloading and installing
several programs. While not a unique browser in its own right, this product was a
breakthrough because it distributed other browsers and made the web a lot more
accessible to the home user.
 Navi press. In February, 1994, Navasota released a browser for the PC and Macintosh
called Navi press. This was the first browser since Berners-Lee's Worldwide Web
browser that incorporated an editor, so that you could browse and edit content at the same
time. Navi press later became Oppress, and is still available in some download locations
on the Internet but has not been maintained since 1997.
 Mozilla. In October, 1994, Netscape released the first beta version of their browser,
Mozilla 0.96b, over the Internet. On December 15, the final version was released, Mozilla
1.0, making it the first commercial web browser. An open source version of the Netscape
browser was released in 2002 was also named Mozilla in tribute to this early version, and
then released as the quickly popular Firefox in November, 2004.
 Internet Explorer. On August 23rd, 1995, Microsoft released their Windows 95 operating
system, including a Web browser called Internet Explorer. By the fall of 1996, Explorer
had a third of market share, and passed Netscape to become the leading web browser in
1999.

12. Page 12
10) WEB SERVER:
 Web server can refer to either the hardware (the computer) or the software (the computer
application) that helps to deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet.
 The most common use of web servers is to host websites, but there are other uses such as
gaming, data storage or running enterprise applications.
 The primary function of a web server is to deliver web pages on the request to clients.
 This means delivery of HTML documents and any additional content that may be
included by a document, such as images, style sheets and scripts.
 A user agent, commonly a web browser or web crawler, initiates communication by
making a request for a specific resource using HTTP and the server responds with the
content of that resource or an error message if unable to do so.
 The resource is typically a real file on the server's secondary memory, but this is not
necessarily the case and depends on how the web server is implemented. While the
primary function is to serve content, a full implementation of HTTP also includes ways
of receiving content from clients.
 This feature is used for submitting web forms, including uploading of files. Many generic
web servers also support server-side scripting using Active Server Pages (ASP), PHP, or
other scripting languages.
 This means that the behavior of the web server can be scripted in separate files, while the
actual server software remains unchanged.
 Usually, this function is used to create HTML documents dynamically ("on-the-fly") as
opposed to returning static documents.
 The former is primarily used for retrieving and/or modifying information from databases.
 The latter is typically much faster and more easily cached. Web servers are not always
used for serving the World Wide Web.
 They can also be found embedded in devices such as printers, routers, webcams and
serving only a local network.
 The web server may then be used as a part of a system for monitoring and/or
administering the device in question.
 This usually means that no additional software has to be installed on the client computer;
since only a web browser is required (which now is included with most operating
systems).