seminar presentation for e paper technology use title font:Bebas Neue and for description :Tw Cen MT Condensed

1. E –paper
PRESENTED BY vyshnav r s
S7 d
#61

2. contents
2
Lcd display
introduction
What is e-paper
Construction of e-paper
Displaying technology
Merits & demerits of e-paper
Real life applications
E-paper
conclusion
References

3. conventional display {lcd
display}
E-paper
3
o A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat
panel used for electronically displaying
information such
as text, images, and moving pictures.
o It is an electronically-modulated optical device
made up of any number of pixels filled with
liquid crystals and arrayed in front of
a light source(backlight) or reflector to produce
images in color or monochrome.

4. INDRODUCTION
o E-paper also known as Electronic Paper or Electronic ink Display.
o Electronic paper was first developed in the 1970s by Nick Sheridon at Xerox’s
Palo Alto Research center.
o Unlike conventional backlit flat panel displays which emit light, E- paper displays
reflect light like ordinary paper, theoretically making it more comfortable to read, and
giving the surface a wider viewing angle compared to conventional displays.
o extremely light and flexible.
E-paper
4

5. WHAT IS E-PAPER ?
An Electronic Paper Display is a display that possesses:
o a paper-like high contrast appearance
o ultra-low power consumption
o a thin and light form
o gives the viewer the experience of reading from paper, while having the power of
updatable information.
Electronic ink is a proprietary material that is processed
into a film for integration into electronic displays.
Although revolutionary in concept, electronic ink is a straightforward fusion of
chemistry, physics and electronics to create this new material.
5
E-paper

6. Comparison of e-paper & lcd
o Wide viewing angle
o Readable in sunlight
o Holds image without power drain
o Plastic or glass
o Light Weight
o Thin (~1 mm)
o Best image only from one position
o Can be difficult to see in sunlight
o Required power to hold images
o Glass only
o Power supply and glass make LCDs
relatively heavy
Electronic Ink
Display
Liquid Crystal
Display
E-paper
6

7. E- ink paper display
7
E-paper

8. Construction of E-paper
o It has two different parts.
o Front plane.
o Back plane.
E-paper
8

9. Front plane
o The front plane consist of E-ink.
o E-ink is made up of millions of tiny microcapsules.
o Microcapsules have diameter of the order of 100 microns.
o Each microcapsule contains positively charged white particles and negatively charged
black particles suspended in a clear fluid .
E-paper
9

10. BACK PLANE
o The back plane consist of electronic circuits.
o Back plane is made up of organic thin film transistor arrays which provide voltage
needed by the E-Paper.
o To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is printed onto a plastic film that is
laminated to a layer of circuitry.
10
E-paper

11. How do the capsules work?
Filled
with
fluid
Each capsule contains thousands of smaller
black(neg-) and white(pos+) JANUS particles.
11
E-paper

12. Displaying technology
{ ELECTROPHORETIC
TECHNOLOGY }
• Each E-ink capsule contains an oily solution containing black dye (the
electronic ink), with numerous white titanium dioxide particles suspended within
these capsules are dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil in which dark-colored dye
and charging agents are also added.
• Capsule diameter is 40 micrometer.
• Gap between the two conducting plates is of the order of 100 micrometers and
the mixture is placed between these plates.
• When a voltage is applied across the two plates, the particles will migrate
electrophoretically to the plate bearing the opposite charge from that on the
E-papeprarticles.
12

13. o When the particles are located at the front (viewing) side of the display, it
appears white, because light is scattered back to the viewer by the high
refractive -index titania particles.
o When the particles are located at the rear side of the display, it appears dark,
because the incident light is absorbed by the colored dye.
E-paper
13

14. Merits of E-paper
o Paper-like Readability
o They are persistent without power, drawing current only when they change,
which means low power consumption therefore batteries can be smaller
and last longer.
o An electronic ink display module is thinner, lighter weight, and more robust than
conventional LCD's.
o Electronic Paper is highly flexible and it is able to be twisted or bended into
different curvatures. The Electronic Paper can be applied to different shapes
of products, without being limited to being bonded to flat display panels.
o They are completely reflective requiring no backlight.
o They are inherently bi-stable for extended periods of time.
o Simple Manufacturing Process
E-paper
14
o The manufacturing process is carried out using a roll- to-roll method, similar to
printing paper, by injecting dielectric fluid and charged particles into the layer of
capsules, and then sealing the top layer. The production is performed continuously
at high speed.

15. Demerits of E-paper
o Electronic paper technologies have a very low refresh rate compared to other low-power
display technologies, such as LCD.
o A shadow of an image may be visible after refreshing parts of the screen. Such
shadows are termed "ghost images", and the effect is termed "ghosting“.
Because of ghosting the entire screen is refreshed white and black when
loading a new image.
E-paper
15
An example of this limit is that a document cannot be smoothly zoomed without either extreme
blurring during the transition or a very slow zoom.

16. APPLICATIONS
WRISTWA
TCHES
E-ink and other cool watch
technologies in this primer on the best
watches to hit the watch
industry in years. Now next generation
digital watch featuring a capacitive
touch
screen and Smartphone-like watch
apps.
E-ink display platforms inspire
innovative designs and shapes using
the lowest power
requirements and added durability
E-paper
16
PEBBLE WATCH

17. E-BOOK
READER
S
An e-book reader, also called an e-book device or e
reader, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the
purpose of
reading digital e-books and periodicals.
Any device that can display text on a screen may act as
an e-book reader, but specialised e-book
reader designs may optimise portability, readability
(especially in sunlight), and battery life for
this purpose.
A single e-book reader is capable of
holding the digital equivalent of hundreds of
printed texts with no added bulk or measurable mass.
E Ink Active Matrix displays deliver the best reading
experience with the highest contrast and
longest battery life for eReaders.
17
E-paper

18. Indicators
E Ink segmented displays enable engineers and
designers to add high contrast displays
where power and space limitations have made
it impossible to do so before.
Some examples of indicators are:
Cabinet Lock
Lexar Jumpdrive
18
E-paper

19. In a large department
store or supermarket,
e-paper can be used for
labelling the
shelves and price tagging.
ELECTRONIC
SHELF LABEL
E-paper
19

20. Smart Card
Display
Some credit cards contain a smart card to
store information such as accumulated
credit and money expenses etc.
20
E-paper

21. Other
applications
21
MOBILE PHONES
NEWS PAPERS
DIGITAL PHOTO FRAMES
E-paper

22. Conclusion
Electronic ink is not intended to diminish or do away with
traditional displays. Instead electronic ink will initially co-exist
with traditional paper and other display technologies. In the
long run, electronic ink may have a multibillion-dollar impact on
the publishing industry.
Ultimately electronic ink will permit almost any surface to
become a display, bringing information out of the confines of
traditional devices and into the world around us.
E-paper
22

23. references
o Flexible and Roll-able Displays/Electronic Paper A Brief Technology Overview Rong-
Chang (R.C.) Liang
o Paper Electronics and Electronic Paper
by Magnus Berggren*'**, Thomas Kugler*'**, Tommi Remonen*, David
Nilsson**,Miaoxiang Chen**,
Petronella Norberg"*The Research Institute ACRE0 AB, Bredgatan 34, SE-602 21
Norrkoping, Sweden
**Organic Electronics Group, Campus Norrkoping, SE-601 74, Sweden
o E-paper: Clarifying future R&D needs by a fundamental understanding of the
maximum performance of current technologies
Author(s): Heikenfeld, J.
Novel Devices Lab., Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
o http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_paper
o International Journal Of Advance Research In Science And Engineering
http://www.ijarse.com
IJARSE, Vol. No.2, Issue No.9, September 2013
o Image taken from: http://www.eink.com/technology.html
http://www.google.com/images
E-paper
23

24. THANKS FOR
YOUR TIME
E-paper
24

25. QUESTIons?
E-paper
25