9. Soldier s of t he Royal I r ish Regiment of t he
Br it ish army use t he shamr ock as t heir
emblem, and wear a spr ig of shamr ock on
Saint Pat r ick’s Day.
Queen Vict or ia decr eed over a hundr ed
year s ago t hat soldier s f r om I r eland should
wear a spr ig of shamr ock in r ecognit ion of
I r ish soldier s who had f ought br avely in t he
Boer War .
Dur ing t he Russian Civil War a Br it ish of f icer
Col. P. S. Woods, of Belf ast , est ablished a
Kar elian Regiment which had a shamr ock on
an or ange f ield as it s r egiment badge.
10. The f lag of t he cit y of Monr eal has
a shamr ock t hat is locat ed in t he
lower r ight quadr ant . The shamr ock
r epr esent s t he I r ish populat ion.
12. UK England Wales Scotland Northern
Ireland
Land, sq.
km 244,000 130,000 21,000 78,000 14,000
Population,
mln 54 45 3 5 1
Capital London London Cardiff Edinburgh Belfast
Largest
cities Belfast, Cardiff Liverpool, Oxford Brecon, Suonsy Glasgow Belfast
Rivers Tay Thames, Severn Dee Spey Bun
Lakes Loch-Lomond District Woy Loch-Ness Loch-Ney
Mountains Ben Nevis Pennine Chain Snowdon Ben Nevis Karantuil
National
Emblems
Flag
14. the Union Jack
The United Kingdom flag was officially
adopted on January 1, 1801.
15. The flag of the UK is a combination of the
flags of England (the cross of St. George),
Scotland (the cross of St. Andrew), and
Ireland (the cross of St. Patrick).
18. The flag of Scotland -
St Andrew’s Cross
Dating to the 12th century, the historic cross of St.
Andrew was first hoisted in 1512. Also known as the
Saltire, it is one of the oldest country flags. The
Saltire is a flag with a diagonal cross whose arms
extend to the corners of the flag
19. The flag of England -
St George’s Cross
The flag of Ireland -
St Patrick Cross
20. The Welsh flag
This flag was officially adopted in 1959, but the red
dragon (possibly Roman in origin) has been associated
with Wales for many centuries. The green and white
background stripes represent the House of Tudor, a
Welsh dynasty that once held the English throne.
The red rose is the symbol of England. It comes from the history of the country.
This symbol goes back to the War of the Roses, which was the war within the country. In the 15th century two Houses were struggling for the English throne – the Lancastrians and the Yorkists.
Red rose was the emblem of the Lancastrians and the white rose was that of the Yorkists. Their rival ended when King Henry VII, the Lancastrian, married Princess Elizabeth, the daughter of the Yorkist. Since that time the red rose has become the national emblem of England.
The legend tells how Saint Patrick used the shamrock, a kind of a white clover with three leaves to explain the Holy Trinity. Apparently, he used it to show how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity.
