Recent research in the global integrative healthcare arena has proven the physicality of the meridian channels as the Primo Vascular System.

1. The Meridian Channels
PrimoVascular System
A compilation of Slides from the pioneers researching the meridian system with modern tools.
Oschman J, StreeterTWJA, Soh KS, Jones J, Langevin HM, Hp Mae Wan

2. The Primo
Vascular
System
KS Soh et al

3. Early pioneers Bong Han and Soh

4. Primo Vascular System
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Organ-Surface PVS duct
(on the surface of organs)
Superficial PVS duct
(Acupuncture meridian)
Superficial PVS Corpuscle
(Acupoints)
skin : superficial PVS ducts
network surface of organs : OSBHD
inside vessels : intra-vascular
PVS
Intravascular PVS duct

5. Physiological Significance
New Circulation System
 Hyaluronic acid, Amino acid, Mono nucleotide,
 Hormone: Adrenalin/noradrenalin
Bonghan Granules (sanals) (Ф≈0.8~2.4μm) containing
DNA
 Adult stem cells: cell therapy
 Natural “micro-cell”: gene therapy
-5-

6. Primo vascular vessels

7. PrimoVascular/meridian Theory
 Meridian line is not confined to skin, but ubiquitous.
 Meridian is a concrete duct system through which
the liquid containing the granules (Sanal :living
granule in Korean) flows.
 Sanals aggregate to form cells and cells
disintegrated into Sanal.
 Sanals function as totipotent stem cells.

8. Different substructures of PVS exist

9. PVS>Tubule>Striae (Sanals)

12. Staining the PVS
Acridine orange
stain

13. Fig. 4 Immunohistochemical image of the skin sample of Fig 3. Staining was done by DAPI
for nuclei(blue), anti-NF-M antibody for peripheral nerves(red), and RECA-1 antibody for
blood vessels(green).One can observe a peripheral nerve ending(PN) and a hair
folicle(HF),and blood capillaries(C). Scale bar represents 100µm.

14. Stereomicroscopic view of PVS
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Fig.1. Stereomicroscopic Images of novel threadlike structures

15. The stereo-microscopic image of a threadlike structure stained by Acian blue (arrow
heads).The solution of Alcian blue was injected into the acupoint of ST36(arrow) on the rat
skin. An Alcian-blue-stanined threadlike structure (arrow heads) was visualized and
proceeded from ST36 point to hypodermis.

16. Electron Microscope: clear view
of the physical meridian
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SEM

17. Nanobiotechnology
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Flowing Channel of Nanoparticles

19. The stereo-microscopic image of a threadlike structure stained by Acian blue (arrow
heads).The solution of Alcian blue was injected into the acupoint of ST36(arrow) on the rat
skin. An Alcian-blue-stanined threadlike structure (arrow heads) was visualized and
proceeded from ST36 point to hypodermis.

20. Fig. 4 Immunohistochemical image of the skin sample of Fig 3. Staining was done by DAPI
for nuclei(blue), anti-NF-M antibody for peripheral nerves(red), and RECA-1 antibody for
blood vessels(green).One can observe a peripheral nerve ending(PN) and a hair
folicle(HF),and blood capillaries(C). Scale bar represents 100µm.

21. In 1960’s Bong Han Kim
showed that new tubular
structures exist inside
and outside of blood
vessel and lymphatic
vessel, and on the
surface of internal organ
as well as under the
dermis, which he
believed as the
traditional meridian lines.
Ubiquitous presence of Primo
Vascular System

22. PVS a closer look
Acridine orange
stain

23. PVS and the circulatory system
(blood vessel, extra-jugular vein)

24. Extravascular PVS (LymphaticVessel)

25. Organ Surface PVS

26. The Meridians – PrimoVascular System
Biofield Viewerimage taken
ofleftarmhighlights flowof
chi in Primovascularsystem
/meridianchannels
•Pioneering experiments Voll – EAV Becker – DC potential over
meridian. Pierre de Vernejoul - Injected radioactive tracer into
acupoints

27.  Traditional Oriental
Medicine.
 Fish bones/ Arrows
 4500 years in
development
 365 points now about
2000 accepted

28.  The primoVascular
System/ meridians are
channels for the organs to
communicate with the
external environment
 They provide the energy
for homeostasis
 The allow the transport of
chi/prana to the organs

29. Your whole body becomes electrically connected to the earth
through an acupuncture point on the ball of the foot called
Kidney 1.The meridians extend throughout your body.
Kidney 1

30. The kidney meridian
begins at the ball of the
foot (1) and extends
upward. An internal
branch from the kidney
(8) connects internally
to the urinary bladder
(9) and thence to the
bladder meridian.

31. Subcutaneous tissue, unidirectional needle rotation.
ultrasound scanning
acoustic microscopy
Same tissue
Fixed, embedded, sectioned,
stained
1 mm
Langevin, HM, et al, 2002. FASEB Journal

32. Acuvision-04 is a microprocessor device for medical diagnostics, based on visualisation of
acupoints and is designed for primary screening of diseases.The device provides timely
diagnostics, non-invasive and harmless

33. Professor Joie Jones
University of California Irvine
Worked with Dr. Z.H.Cho in Dept. of Radiological Sciences
Used Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
to correlate Brain activity with acupuncture points
Compared light flash stimulation to acupuncture stimulation
in eliciting cortical response
Also used Ultrasound to stimulate acupuncture points and
found a much faster brain response than could be explained
normal neuronal transmission.

34. Cho et al 1998 New finding of the
correlation between acupoints and
corresponding brain cortices using
functional MRI.
Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences 95(5):2670-2673.
light acupuncture
Vision points
bladder meridian

35. light sonopuncture
250 msec. 7  sec.
Vision points
bladder meridian
Joie Jones
Sonopuncture is indistinguishable
from needling.
Two orders of magnitude faster
than any known biological process.

36. Vision points
bladder meridian
Joie Jones
At about 50 MHz there is enhanced
attenuation at acupoints.
Attenuation is related to elasticity.

38. Proposed mechanical signal transduction and downstream
effects of acupuncture needle manipulation at gross and
microscopic levels.
Helene M Langevin and colleagues
Vermont Medical College
Applies to all forms of touch therapy.

39. Langevin et al 2001 Biomechanical response to acupuncture needling in humans. Journal of
Applied Physiology 91(6):2471-2478
Langevin et al 2001 Mechanical signaling through connective tissue: a mechanism for the
therapeutic effects of acupuncture. FASCEB Journal 15(2):2275-2282
Langevin et al 2002 Evidence of connective tissue involvement in acupuncture. FASCEB Journal
16(8):872-876
Langevin HM,Yandow JA, 2002. Relationship of acupuncture
points and meridians to connective tissue planes. Anatomical Record
269:257-265

40. Langevin HM, Yandow JA, 2002. Relationship of acupuncture
points and meridians to connective tissue planes. Anatomical Record
269:257-265.

41. Acupoints have a polygonal structure.
Points rotate when needle is inserted.
Top and bottom halves twist in
opposite directions.

42. Stimulation of
point 67 causes
proximal points
to rotate in
sequence, with a
few seconds
delay between
each point.

43. Proposed mechanical
signal transduction
and downstream
effects of acupuncture
needle manipulation at
gross and microscopic
levels. The lung
meridian on the lateral
border of the biceps is
a good example and
may coincide with
some of the
connective tissue
planes.

44. “The acupoints feel like depressions that enable me to
contact several fascial layers at once. It feels like
putting your finger into a cone. Initially there is more
tension in the tissue when you try to twist in one
direction compared to the opposite direction. After
the tissue has released, the resistance to twisting is
the same in both directions.”
 Stanley Rosenberg, Denmark

45. Waves traveling down a Coaxial Cable
These are actually type 2 waves, if ends are not
properly terminated they radiate scalar waves

47. f MRI Assessment of Acupuncture

49. Radiographic studies using
scintiphotography: a radioactive
dye, technetium-99, injected
into a meridian, flow linearly
along the meridian pathway and
well up into small circles at the
classical acupuncture points.
Darras JC, deVernejoul P,
Albarede P, et al. Nuclear
medicine investigation of
transmission of acupuncture
information.
Acupuncture Med. 1993; 11:22-
28.

50. Stomach meridian
after moxibustion near left shoulder blade.

51. Bladder
meridian
after
moxibustion

52. In every culture
and in every
medical tradition
before ours,
healing was
accomplished by
moving energy.
•Albert Szent-Györgyi

64. Acupuncture meridians
 Primary channels through the living matrix
 High speed communication
 Reach into every part of the organism

69. Atomic Force Microscope
Bonghan microcell cycle (Bonghan Kim, 1965)
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(1) All the morphological components of organism are ceaselessly
reproduced.
(2) The self-reproduction of organism takes the form of Bonghan
microcell-cell cycles.
(3) The self-reproduction of organism is performed by the
acupuncture-meridian system.
Theory of Bonghan Microcell

70. AFM image of Bonghan microcell
A Topography, B Error, C Magnified of B, D line profile
1.4 um x 1um x 350nm sized oval Bonghan microcell. It
shows clearly unique surface structure of layers and
portions (B & C) whose size is from 0.2um to 0.6 um in
diameter. The line profile analysis shows that the
common patterns on the surface are steps of about
20nm height. This pattern is thought to be revealing
the stereotype of its membrane structure. -70-20nm
A B C
D

71. Sanals by Acridine Orange
Anemia induced method, PHD inj. for 3 days.
Rabbit, female, 2.5kg, 10weeks
X1000, scale bar=10um
Centrifugal separation method, acridine orange

72. Model of Sanal cycle by Bong Han Kim

73. Sanals and Cell interconverted?

74. Observation of Sanals

75. Sanal observation byTEM

76. Sanals in PrimoVascular System

77. Two Sanals stacked?

78. Sanals proliferate by budding?