1. What are they, What is their purpose and What do
they mean?

2. Dreaming
 Dreaming is defined as
the subjective
experience of imaginary
images, sounds/voices,
thoughts or sensations
during sleep.
 They are an altered state
of consciousness (ASC).

3. What Happens When We Dream?
 Dreams occur during REM
sleep in which brain activity
is high and signaled by rapid
horizontal movements of the
eyes.
 Dreams also occur during
non-REM sleep but are not
as well remembered.
 Researches believe that we
dream every time we sleep
even if we cannot remember
them.

4. What Are Dreams?
 Sigmund Freud- One of the
first people to propose a theory
on dreams.
 Believed that dreams are a manifestation
of shameful unconscious thoughts and
emotions that human beings encounter
on a daily basis.
 Our dreams are rich with symbolism that
depict the true intent and emotions of
human beings.
 These forbidden thoughts and urges are
too shameful for our conscious to
handle, therefore they are pushed back
to our unconscious and are freed(but
shrouded in symbolism) while we dream.
 Believed that most of these unconscious
thoughts and emotions were sexual in
origin and nature.
 Called dreams the “royal road” to the
unconscious.

5. More Common Dream Theories
 Dreams are still thought of as unconscious emotions
but they do not necessarily have to revolve around sex.
 Dreams are the brains way of making sense of all the
images and feelings we come across and experience
during our everyday waking lives.
 It is also believed that dreams helps us reinforce
actions or ideas.
 Dreams are a product of our evolutionary
development.

6. Evolutionary Theory of Dreams
 Dreams served as a way to
enhance our future survival
as a species.
 It is theorized that our
nightmares are products of
our ancestors’ nightmares
and their way of living.
 Many of the dreams we
have today are similar to
those our ancestors had,
though they do differ
greatly.
 Today, our nightmares
consist of things such as
entering a room naked or
losing our teeth!

7. Types of Dreams
 “Normal” Dreams
 Lucid Dreams
 Nightmares
 Reoccurring Dreams
 …and even Daydreams!

8. Daydreaming
 Daydreaming is categorized as a
level of consciousness between
sleep and wakefulness thought of
as semi-awake.
 In this sense, they are also a ASC.
 Daydreams can also be seen as a
manifestation of ones true feelings
because we often daydream about
things we wish to have or things we
wish to do.
 Researches found that people day
dream anywhere from 70 to 120
minutes a day (up to 2 hours).
 Worrying is also seen as form of
daydreaming.

9. Dream Interpretation
 Dreams are the product of our unconscious and our
experiences from our everyday lives
 Many people, especially dream interpreters will
attempt to explain the significance of dreams.
 Some of our more common dreams include:
 Falling
 Losing teeth
 Being chased
 Public Nudity
 Sexual