2. Toxic metal pollution of surface, groundwater and agricultural products has become a major concern in many countries, including Philippines. Many studies have been conducted on finding the treatment for toxic metal poisoning.
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4. A yellow phenolic compound, curcumin is one of the three main curcuminoids extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric plants.
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6. Curcumin inhibits lipid peroxidation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and induces glutathione S-transferase (GSH) enzymes. After 14 days of curcumin supplement in rodent, the total GSH activity and malondialdehyde (MDA), which reflects endogenous lipid peroxidation, were measured in liver. The curcumin diet increased hepatic GSH by 16% and decreased MDA levels by 36% when compared with controls. (Sharma, R. et. al. 2001)
7. Cadmium is one of the heavy metal . Toxic metal or heavy metals are chemical elements with a specific gravity that is at least 5 times greater than the specific gravity of water. Transition metal
8. Cadmium Physical Properties Chemical symbol Cd Form White, Soft metal Characteristics Malleable, Ductile and Flexible Found In compound form with sulfide Atomic weight 112.41
9. Cadmium Human activities Environmental N ickel-cadmium batter y manufactories Cigarette smoking Plating, coating metal industries Accumulated in rivers, lakes Car exhaust fumes Soil, Fertilizers Earth’s crust Sources of Cadmium
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11. Absorbed Cadmium Intestinal lumen Organs Liver Bind to Metallothionin (MT) Cd -- MT Kidney Cd -- MT Cadmium free form MT released Mucosal cells Systemic circulation
19. The liver tissue consists of epithelial hepatocytes, arranged into cords , separated by vascular sinusoids. SINUSOID
20. Functionally, the liver can be divided into 3 zones, based upon oxygen supply. Zone 1 encircles the portal tracts where the oxygenated blood from hepatic arteries enters. Zone 3 is located around central veins, where oxygenation is poor. Zone 2 is located in between.
