This Presentation Describes the Introduction, History, Scope , Types and Role of Biotechnology in Various Fields.

1. UNIT NO – 1
LECTURE NO -1
TOPIC – INTRODUCTION TO BIOTECHNOLOGY
BACHELOR OF PHARMACY
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
BP- 605T
MR. ARPIT GUPTA
(ASSISTANT PROFESSOR)
(DR. RML INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY)
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

2. CONTENTS
Introduction
History
Application of biotechnology
Types of biotechnology
Examples of Drug production by using biotechnology
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

3. BIOTECHNOLOGY
 Biotechnology is branch of science in which living things
are used to make new products.
 It is the use of living organisms or processes to make
products useful for mankind.
 Brewing and baking bread are examples of processes
that fall within the concept of biotechnology (use of
yeast i.e. living organism to produce the desired
product).
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

4.  Begin with the first action of human on life for his welfare
 It started when people modified microorganisms to the needs of
humanity.
 In past biotechnologists used yeast cells to ferment alcoholic drinks
and the bacteria to make cheese and yoghurt.
HISTORY
 Term coined by a Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky
 Modern biotechnology started in California in 1970’s
 Before 1971, the term biotechnology was used primarily in
food processing and agriculture industries.
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

5. 7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

6. 7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com
APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

7. • Green biotechnology (agricultural applications)
• Red biotechnology (medical applications)
• Blue biotechnology (aquatic applications)
• White biotechnology (industrial applications)
TYPES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

8. GREEN BIOTECHNOLOGY:
Green Biotechnology is the use of genetically altered plants or
animals to produce more environmentally-friendly farming
solutions as an alternative to traditional agriculture, horticulture,
and animal breeding processes.
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

9.  Use of biotechnological techniques in agriculture
 Vitamin A deficiency is a serious problem and
can cause blindness at a young age if left
untreated
 Golden rice was genetically modified to produce
beta-carotene (a precursor of vitamin A that the
body converts to vitamin A). A diet including
golden rice can thus help to raise vitamin A
levels
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

10. WHITE BIOTECHNOLOGY
 It is also called industrial biotechnology. It is
the designing of an organism to produce useful
chemicals i.e enzymes
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

11.  The use of biological methods to optimize industrial processes
 Applied by manufacturers of laundry detergents
 Includes research for new enzymes (proteins that remove oily
and protein-based stains)
 Enzymes that work under extreme conditions (wash temperatures
of 20°C or 90°C)
 This often entails modifying the enzymes of
microorganisms for these processes
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

12. RED BIOTECHNOLOGY
 This term is used in medical processes. It involves the
manipulation of microorganisms to make products such as
antibiotics.
 Red biotechnology(Bio-pharmaceutical) is a process that
utilizes organisms to improve health care and help the body to
fight diseases.
 It is a branch of modern biotechnology that is utilized in the
field of medicine.
 Red biotechnology is not only limited to the pharmaceutical
industry but also the medical sector as it facilitates the
alleviation of human suffering and enhances the quality of life.
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

13.  It includes:
 Production of medicines and pharmaceutical products for treating
or diagnosing disorders
 Designing of organisms to manufacture antibiotics and
vaccines
 Engineering of genetic defects through genomic
manipulation
 Use in forensics through DNA profiling
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

14. USES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

15. DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE
With the help of biotechnology:
 Microorganisms can be used to make biological substances for
humans which are equally effective as natural substances
 Microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast are used to make
substances (produce drugs) like insulin and interferon
 Treatment of diseases like hepatitis and arthritis are made
possible with the help of biotechnology
Example- INSULIN: Human insulin is being produced using genetic
engineering technique known as humulin and it is used for the
treatment of diabetes that is low sugar level in the blood
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

16. 2.Example- INTERFERON
 Interferon interfere in transmission of viral genome from one
cell to another and it also inhibits the cell division of abnormal
cells.
 Interferon produced using the recombinant DNA
technology is used to treat cancer patients.
 Interferon improved the quality of life of cancer
patients
3.Example-GENE THERAPY:
 Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to
treat or prevent disease.
 Gene therapy is a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. The
polymers are either translated into protein, interfere with
target gene expression, or possibly correct genetic mutations.
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

17.  It involves the direct examination of DNA
molecule of an organism. It is used for
 Newborn screening: Test for abnormal
missing of gene product
 Carrier Testing: Test to avoid transfer of
defective gene from parents to child
 Identity Testing
 Genetic disorder like Sickle cell anemia
GENETIC TESTING
7599900257 AG PHARMACY arpitguptapwn23@gmail.com

18. THANK YOU
Hello Friends
If You Get any Help from this
Notes/ Videos
You Can Pay Your Fess or
Contribute
Some Amount to Our
AG Pharmacy Family
Name: Arpit Gupta
https://youtube.com/@agpharmacy?si=kzzLm41L2ysLgARe
YouTube – AG PHARMACY