2. SDLC is a disciplined and systematic approach that divides
software development process into various phases such as
requirement analysis, design and coding
The phase-wise development process helps to track
schedule, cost and quality of software projects.
3. 6 phases in SDLC are
Feasibility analysis
Requirement analysis and specification
Design
Coding
Testing
maintenance
4. Different types of projects have different requirements
It is required to tailor the SDLC phases according to the specific
needs of the project.
This gives rise to various software development approaches
Waterfall approach
Prototyping approach
Spiral approach
Win-win spiral approach
Incremental approach
5. It describes the software development process in a linear sequential flow
It is the earliest approach that was used for software development .
It defines software development process in 7 phases
Conception
Initiation
Analysis
Design
Construction
Integration and testing
Implementation and maintenance
6. Also known as evolutionary approach
Came into picture because of failures that occurred in final
version of software application developed using waterfall
approach.
Prototype is a sample implementation of system that show
limited and main functional capabilities of the proposed system
Used in the requirements gathering and analysis phase to
capture the exact requirements of the proposed system
7. Prototypes are of 2 types
Throwaway prototypes
Evolutionary prototypes
Disadvantage of prototyping
It gives client false impression that a few minor changes to
prototype will give them required system
It may compromise on the overall quality of the software in
the rush to develop the prototype
8. Includes iterative nature of prototyping approach and linear nature of waterfall
approach
It is ideal for developing software that are released in various versions.
It includes 6 phases:
Customer communication
Planning
Risk analysis
Engineering
Construction and release
Customer evaluation
9. It is an extension of spiral approach
The phases are same as phases in spiral approach
In this phase, development team and customer hold discussions
and negotiate on the requirements that need to be included in
current iteration of software
The approach is called win-win because it is a winning situation
for development team and also for customer
It is generally used when you have time-bound releases
10. Software requirements are broken down into various functional
units
Each functional unit is implemented in an increment and final
product is achieved after all the functional units are implemented
in the development process
Each increment includes 3 phases
Design
Implementation
analysis
11. Which of the following approaches includes the iterative nature of
the prototyping approach and linear nature of the waterfall
approach?
Incremental approach
Spiral approach
Evolutionary approach
Ans:
Spiral approach
12. In the design phase of any software development approach, you can follow two
approaches to software development.
function-oriented approach
Object-oriented approach
function-oriented approach is module-centric and concentrates on functions of the
software
The fundamental idea behind object orientation is to portray things as they exist in
real world.
Object-oriented approach supports reusability and encapsulation of data and
concepts such as inheritance, abstraction and polymorphism
13. Classes and objects
A class is an abstract data type that contains a set of attributes and functions.
An object is an instance of class.
Inheritance
It refers to sharing of attributes and behaviors among classes based upon
hierarchical relationship.
Abstraction
It focuses on essential, inherent aspects of an entity ignoring its implementation
details
Encapsulation
Means preventing access to non-essential details
14. Polymorphism
the concept of using operators or functions in different ways
depending on what they are operating on is called polymorphism.
Operator overloading refers to the difference in functionality of an
operator depending upon type of operands
When polymorphism is used in the context of functions
performing different tasks, it is referred to as function overloading
15. Which phase of SDLC includes translation of the requirements specified
in the SRS into a logical structure that can be implemented in a
programming language?
Feasibility analysis
Design
Coding
Maintenance
Ans:
design
16. OO approach does not replace the standard approaches, such as
DFD or ER diagrams.
OO approach is only an addition to the existing toolkit.
OOAD uses the OO approach to solve the real world problems
It uses OO approach to analyze the system requirements and break
a large and complex system into smaller and simpler components.
OOAD is analysis of requirements and design of software system in
terms of the objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance,
polymorphism, abstraction and dynamic binding.
OOAD is a methodology that can be applied to any software
development approach
17. In this session, you learned that:
SDLC is a disciplined and systematic approach towards software development.
SDLC divides the software development process into six phases:
Feasibility analysis
Requirement analysis and specification
Design
Coding
Testing
Maintenance
18. Different types of projects have different requirements. Therefore, it may be
required to tailor the SDLC phases according to the specific needs of the
project. This gives rise to various software development approaches. Some of
these approaches are:
Waterfall approach
Prototyping approach
Spiral approach
Win-win spiral approach
Incremental approach
The function-oriented approach is module-centric and concentrates on the
functions of the software.
19. The object-oriented (OO) approach supports reusability and encapsulation of
data and concepts such as inheritance, abstraction, and polymorphism.
OOAD is analysis of requirements and design of software system in terms of
objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and
dynamic binding.
