A Short Detail of Motherboard, it's Functions and it's Components.

1. MOTHERBOARD

2. WHAT IS
MOTHERBOARD?
• A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the main
board, system board, planar board or logic board, or a mobo)
is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in computers and
other expandable systems. It holds many of the crucial
electronic components of the system, such as the central
processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors
for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, a motherboard
contains significant sub-systems such as the processor and
other components. Motherboard specifically refers to a PCB
with expansion capability and as the name suggests, this board
is the "mother" of all components attached to it, which often
include sound cards, video cards, network cards, hard drives,
or other forms of persistent storage; TV tuner cards, cards
providing extra USB or FireWire slots and a variety of other

3. FUNCTIONS OF
MOTHERBOARD
• Motherboard provides the electrical connection between various
components of the system. It controls the transfer of data and
information within the system.
• It provides an interface upon which other components of system
such as CPU, RAM, ROM, Chipset and expansion slots can reside.
• It provides the CPU interface with other peripheral support chips.
• It provides interface for various cards(Graphic Cards, NIC) to
various expansion slots such as ISA and PCI.
• It provides on-board IDE or SCSI interface for HDD, CD-ROM etc.
• It provides PS/2 interface for connecting keyboard and mouse.

4. COMPONENTS OF
MOTHERBOARD
• Chipset
• North Bridge
• South Bridge
• Super I/O Chip
• ROM
• CMOS Setup
• Expansion Slot
• ISA
• PCI
• AGP
• Memory Slot
• SIMM
• DIMM
• I/O Connector
• Other Connector

5. CHIPSET
• A Chipset interacts with
almost all hardware
components of the system. It
also finds the system bus
speed and handle the
address function for the CPU.
Some of the important
chipset on Motherboard are:
• North Bridge
• South Bridge
• Super I/O Chip

6. ROM-BIOS
• The ROM chip is another key
component of motherboard.
It contains the BIOS in it.
BIOS is a collection of very
small programs permanently
stored on it. These programs
are executed when the
computer starts. BIOS can
also be stored on EPROM,
PROM or FEPROM.

7. CMOS-SETUP
• It is a Complementary Metal
Oxide which stores
parameters for setting up
various devices connected to
the Computer. It includes
real-time clock setting, FDD
setting, boot sequence
setting, security setting,
power management setting,
HDD detection and
configuration.

8. EXPANSION SLOTS
• There are general three kinds
of expansion slots found on
motherboard.
1. ISA: The Oldest Expansion
Slot
2. PCI: High Speed Expansion
Slot
3. AGP: Very High Speed
Expansion Slot
• All Motherboards contain
only one AGP slot.

9. MEMORY SLOT
• The Motherboard contain
various memory slots to
connect system main memory.
• Two types of memory are
available now days:
• SIMM: Singe inline Memory
module
• DIMM: Dual inline Memory
Module.
• The Motherboard contain 2-4
DIMM or SIMM slot. Some
Motherboards contain only
SIMM or Only DIMM slot. Most
Motherboard contain both
SIMM and DIMM.

10. OTHER CONNECTORS
• Various I/O connectors found
on Motherboard are
Keyboard Connector, Mouse
Connector, Serial Port,
Parallel Port, USB, COM Port,
Display Connector etc. All
Motherboard contains
Keyboard, Mouse, Serial and
Parallel port.

11. The Motherboard also
contains some of other
components like:
• Audio Coded Chip
• Memory Controller Hub Chip
• AT & ATX Power Connector
• Processor Holder
• Controller Chip
• Speaker Connector
• IDE Connector
OTHER CONNECTORS

12. THE END
MADE BY: SAHYOG
VISHWAKARMA