Definition “the process through which they [technology systems] spread from their initial sources into homes, factories, offices, and so forth.” Why study technological diffusion? Anticipate potentially unintended consequences If we don’t learn from history, we are doomed to repeat it. Diffusion of Tech, cont. How do we study technological diffusion? Examine diffusion patterns by studying history Volti Examples: Yir Yront--axes China--paper, compass, gunpowder Western Europe--printing press, global navigation, weaponry
Definition “the process through which they [tech-nology systems] spread from their initial sources into homes, factories, offices, and so forth.” Why study technological diffusion? Anticipate potentially unintended consequences If we don’t learn from history, we are doomed to repeat it. Diffusion of Tech, cont. How do we study technological diffusion? Examine diffusion patterns by studying history Volti Examples: Yir Yront--axes China--paper, compass, gunpowder Western Europe--printing press, global navigation, weaponry
Scion Diffusion Toyota Japanese-specific models Been around for years Target demographic in Japan: basically everyone Why have these models succeeded in Japan for so long? Same goes for Chevy Aveo Scion Diffusion, cont. Introduced in U.S. under new “Scion” brand All have “no-haggle” price MP3-CD players standard Numerous standard safety features Base price of $13k - $15k Target demographic in U.S.: Younger, hipper Recent college grads Scion.com site
Scion Diffusion Toyota Japanese-specific models Been around for years Target demographic in Japan: basically everyone Why have these models succeeded in Japan for so long? Same goes for Chevy Aveo Scion Diffusion, cont. Introduced in U.S. under new “Scion” brand All have “no-haggle” price MP3-CD players standard Numerous standard safety features Base price of $13k - $15k Target demographic in U.S.: Younger, hipper Recent college grads Scion.com site
Scion Diffusion, cont. Why a different demographic, outside Japan? Will Scion succeed in U.S.? Can’t diffuse unchanged What must change, physically, on U.S. Scions? Scion Diffusion, cont. Must be adapted to U.S. first: Steering wheel on left Emissions Safety standards What else?
Mahindra
Mahindra
Mahindra Scorpio Currently solid in: India Italy France Spain Turkey Sri Lanka Nepal Bangladesh Egypt Russia Malaysia South Africa Qatar Brazil Chile Western Europe
Mahindra
http://www.autoblog.com/2010/03/29/report-mahindra-dealers-still-waiting-pickups-still-not-epa-ap/print/ Report: Mahindra dealers still waiting, pickups still not EPA approved According to Pawan Goenka, Mahindra 's president for global automotive, vehicle testing that would provide EPA approval for the Indian automaker's upcoming diesel-powered, 30-mile-per-gallon pickup truck "is taking a bit longer than what we anticipated." That, it would seem, is an understatement. Mahindra first announced an expected mid-2009 sale date for the truck, which was later revised to end-of-2009 , then February of 2010 and then finally March of 2010 . You'll notice that this Thursday the calendar turns the page to April, meaning Mahindra has missed yet another target date. At this point, Mahindra does not yet have official approval from the EPA to sell its wares in the United States. The Indian automaker says it should take about a month for the paperwork to be completed (a timeframe not acknowledged by the EPA, naturally) and then dealers can finally place orders for the trucks. Considering that Mahindra's vehicles will ship from India, it's clear that there will still be some time before you'll be able to stroll down to you nearest dealer and drive off in a new oil-burning bundle of joy. That fact is not lost on Mahindra's 300-plus dealers, some of whom have paid up to $200,000 in franchise fees and in some cases have been waiting for years to see their investment pay off. That said, nobody ever said that launching a completely new brand of vehicles in the U.S. was going to be easy, inexpensive or timely.
Nissan Titan: Only exists here in North America. Not sold in Japan at all, despite being a Japanese car. Made in America, by Americans, in Canton, Mississippi.
Ford Ka: Only exists in overseas, made in Brazil & Poland
Now rebranded as Ford Feista
Cell Phones, Sweden / U.S. More cell phones than people 100.1 cell phone penetration rate 8.98 million cell phone sub-scribers, but only 5.4 million landline subscribers Many have one cell phone for work, one for home Cell Phones, cont. Comparisons: Taiwan: >100% Norway / Finland: 80-90% Europe: 60-70% S. Korea / Singapore: 60-70% U.S.: 45-50% Manilla Times / News.com
Cell Phones, Sweden / U.S. More cell phones than people 100.1 cell phone penetration rate 8.98 million cell phone sub-scribers, but only 5.4 million landline subscribers Many have one cell phone for work, one for home Cell Phones, cont. Comparisons: Taiwan: >100% Norway / Finland: 80-90% Europe: 60-70% S. Korea / Singapore: 60-70% U.S.: 45-50% Manilla Times / News.com
Cell Phones, Sweden / U.S. More cell phones than people 100.1 cell phone penetration rate 8.98 million cell phone sub-scribers, but only 5.4 million landline subscribers Many have one cell phone for work, one for home Cell Phones, cont. Comparisons: Taiwan: >100% Norway / Finland: 80-90% Europe: 60-70% S. Korea / Singapore: 60-70% U.S.: 45-50% Manilla Times / News.com
What factors contribute to this diffusion? Landlines unavailable in many areas Less costly than in U.S.: National push to promote local technologies (NIH syndrome), somewhat easier to do in smaller countries Less telecom regulation / confusion What factors contribute to lack of comparable diffusion in U.S.? SMS and other services not fully diffused in U.S. U.S. has confusing mess of telecom regulations Competing standards never fully diffused in U.S. As a result, more expensive than it should be
Broadband, Singapore / U.S. Singapore ranked #1 by World Economic Forum in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) readiness Iceland, Finland, Denmark ranked #2,3,4 U.S. ranked #5 Source: WE Forum 2004-2005 Global Information Technology Report What factors contribute to these rankings? Broadband penetration a national priority in Singapore Consumer broadband still slow and expensive here, compared to Singapore and other countries U.S. has confusing mess of telecom regulations As a result, more expensive than it should be No real Killer App defined for broadband yet, due to lack of content & piracy concerns
Broadband, Singapore / U.S. Singapore ranked #1 by World Economic Forum in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) readiness Iceland, Finland, Denmark ranked #2,3,4 U.S. ranked #5 Source: WE Forum 2004-2005 Global Information Technology Report What factors contribute to these rankings? Broadband penetration a national priority in Singapore Consumer broadband still slow and expensive here, compared to Singapore and other countries U.S. has confusing mess of telecom regulations As a result, more expensive than it should be No real Killer App defined for broadband yet, due to lack of content & piracy concerns
U.S. currently ranked 20 th in the world: South Korea (95%) Singapore (88%) Netherlands (85%) Denmark (82%) Taiwan (81%) Hong Kong (81%) Israel (77%) Switzerland (76%) Canada (76%) Norway (75%) Australia (72%) Finland (69%) France (68%) United Kingdom (67%) United Arab Emirates (65%) Japan (64%) Sweden (63%) Estonia (62%) Belgium (62%) USA (60%) What factors contribute to these rankings? Broadband penetration a national priority in Singapore Consumer broadband still slow and expensive here, compared to Singapore and other countries U.S. has confusing mess of telecom regulations As a result, more expensive than it should be No real Killer App defined for broadband yet, due to lack of content & piracy concerns
What factors contribute to these rankings? Broadband penetration a national priority in Singapore Consumer broadband still slow and expensive here, compared to Singapore and other countries U.S. has confusing mess of telecom regulations As a result, more expensive than it should be No real Killer App defined for broadband yet, due to lack of content & piracy concerns
February 21, 2008 Study: More U.S. broadband has $134 billion economic impact A study by Connected Nation says that just a 7 percent increase in U.S. broadband adoption could create as many as 2.4 million jobs and add $134 billion to the economy Connectivity is key to local, regional, and global economic development, in a wide variety of areas (health care, electrical grid, education, jobs, etc.) Show video clips from U.N., Connect Kentucky, Michigan, etc.
Show clip from FCC national broadband plan, mention broadband.gov web site.
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