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Influencing forest policy process:
Combining research with activism



                     Naya Sharma
                     Hemant Ojha
Key message

 Combining research with activism can effectively
  communicate research findings and influence policy process
 Influencing policy requires a versatile role, engaging beyond
  policy makers to policy actors
 Challenging political manoeuvring, interest based
  negotiation and donor hegemony require new breed of
  researcher-activists
 exciting achievements – but remains in the margin
Approaches to link research with activism

 Strategic analysis, monitoring and evidencing
 Supporting, empowering citizen networks
 Critically interrogate knowledge hegemony
 Constant engagement with policy actors
 Communicate to policy & epistemic community
Key issues of forest sector in Nepal

• Centralised policy process
• Ongoing state-community
  contestation
• Continued expansion of PAs
• Climate change, REDD, Churia
  Terai forests,
• Differentiated communities
  and distributional conflicts
• Forestry aid
The actor landscape in forestry


                                    Donors
    Research
    institutions                                    INGOs



                              Ministry,
                              Dept                   Parliamentary
Private                                               committee
sector



                    Citizen                  NGOs
                   networks
Engagement at different levels


                                        Thematic reviews and analysis,
                       National level   strategic meetings, policy
                       Policy forums    discussions, networking,
Research                                thematic workshops
  team

                                        Reflective workshops,
                        Meso-forums     coordinated support to local
                                        groups, feedback to Forest
                                        Department, Ministry
       Local
    facilitators

                                        Facilitate local level planning and
                           CFUG         implementation, monitoring and
                                        documentation, facilitate external
                                        linkage
Alliance with civic
    networks/movements

Support in strategic planning
Provide critical input to major
policy issues
              But
Low appreciation of
knowledge,
Seek friendly evidence,
Culture of defensive routine
1. Identify policy agenda



 2. Prepare for round-table meeting

           Identify and invite                Identify and invite participants            Set a round-table date and
               panelists                                                                  venue



             Arrange logistics—recorder, camera, and                             Conduct diagnostic study and prepare
                             projector                                           presentation




 3. Host the round-table
 meeting                                                 Seating of panelists and participants


                                                        Make presentation and pose questions                 Recor
                                                                                                             d and
Steps of hosting                      Mode             Request the panelists for expert opinions
                                                                                                              note
                                                                                                              the
                                       rate
National Policy                        the
                                                                                                             discu
                                                                                                             ssion
                                      discu
  Round Table                         ssion      Conduct moderated discussions amongst participants
                                                                                                               s
                                        s


                                                            Draw substantive conclusions



   4. Incorporate the conclusions into outputs

   Policy Brief                  Discussion Paper                 Booklet                 Synthesis report



      5. Disseminate through media (media news, TV shows, and feature articles)
Engaging with media


• Use of personal relations
• Interaction with journalist,
  engage them through critical
  dialogue
• Give interview, organise
  media interactions
• Write column, help writers
  with ideas
• TV programme broadcast,
  documentary
• Press release
Diverse and
customised
products
involve policy
makers
targeted
distribution
 feedback and
learning
Our engagement in forest policy processes
Policy issues               Level         ForestAction contribution           Achievement
Special forest policy for   Policy        Action researches                   Cartelize terai
Terai (April 2000) and                    Dissertations                       forest governance
wider debate of Terai                     Book                                debate
forest governance                         Journal articles
                                          Special issue of Journal on Terai
                                          forest
Community Forestry          Guidelines    Actively participated in taskforce Pro-poor CF
Guidelines                                Analysis and papers focusing       guidelines
                                          pro-poor and inclusive provisions
Forest Act amendment        Act           Field study                         Government
(different attempts                       Discussion paper                    withdrew
including 2001, 2010)                     Policy roundtable                   amendment bill
Gaurisankhar                Regulations   Field study                         Ensured
Conservation Area                         Policy roundtable                   community rights
(2010-2011)                                                                   in Gaurisankhar CA
                                                                              regulations with
CF inventory guidelines     Guidelines    Field study and report              Simplified CF
(September 2000)                          Review article in JFL               inventory
                                                                              guidelines
Joint
                     Media             authorship
                   engagement                            Publications
                                                      (encourage to read
                                                          and write )
Contribute to
major events
(CF WS, GACF)
                               Spectrum of                Action research
                               engagement                  and multi level
                                                            engagement
 Organise policy
    forums
                                                        Alliance with
                                                            citizen
                                         Meeting,         networks
            Contribute to govt.
                                       reflections
                   processes
                                        with policy
                                         makers
M-SH process: a continued challenge

• Question government monopoly

• Lobby for, encourage M-SH process

• Capacitate weak actors, question
  and contest the hegemonic relations

• Critical input to meetings, w/s

• Challenges: strategic manipulation,
  representation, accountability,
  unequal deliberative competency
Forest Act amendment bill: A successful case




Media reports                    Government proposal
                                                         FECOFUN protest

                          Amendment bill
                            withdrawn




     Policy round table               Discussion paper         Field research
Political vs. Intellectual argument



                            CSOs
                         planned a                             FA conducted
                           study                                  a study


     Was not
    impressive                Conducted a                                   Used
                              participatory                               scientific
                                                Diverse parties           discipline
                                 study           appreciated


Shared in a press
  conference                                  Presented in a
                        Report blamed             policy          Prepared a discussion
                         bureaucracy           roundtable                paper
Challenges
                  Retaining
                 good people         Unmet local
                                     expectations
    Social
accountability
                                        research –
   Project                               advocacy
 liabilities                              balance

                                     Evidence vs
     Limited                           political
    research                         manoeuvring
                   Knowledge
      funds      monopoly of large
                   institutions

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Influencing forest policy process (naya and hemant)

  • 1. Influencing forest policy process: Combining research with activism Naya Sharma Hemant Ojha
  • 2. Key message  Combining research with activism can effectively communicate research findings and influence policy process  Influencing policy requires a versatile role, engaging beyond policy makers to policy actors  Challenging political manoeuvring, interest based negotiation and donor hegemony require new breed of researcher-activists  exciting achievements – but remains in the margin
  • 3. Approaches to link research with activism  Strategic analysis, monitoring and evidencing  Supporting, empowering citizen networks  Critically interrogate knowledge hegemony  Constant engagement with policy actors  Communicate to policy & epistemic community
  • 4. Key issues of forest sector in Nepal • Centralised policy process • Ongoing state-community contestation • Continued expansion of PAs • Climate change, REDD, Churia Terai forests, • Differentiated communities and distributional conflicts • Forestry aid
  • 5. The actor landscape in forestry Donors Research institutions INGOs Ministry, Dept Parliamentary Private committee sector Citizen NGOs networks
  • 6. Engagement at different levels Thematic reviews and analysis, National level strategic meetings, policy Policy forums discussions, networking, Research thematic workshops team Reflective workshops, Meso-forums coordinated support to local groups, feedback to Forest Department, Ministry Local facilitators Facilitate local level planning and CFUG implementation, monitoring and documentation, facilitate external linkage
  • 7. Alliance with civic networks/movements Support in strategic planning Provide critical input to major policy issues But Low appreciation of knowledge, Seek friendly evidence, Culture of defensive routine
  • 8. 1. Identify policy agenda 2. Prepare for round-table meeting Identify and invite Identify and invite participants Set a round-table date and panelists venue Arrange logistics—recorder, camera, and Conduct diagnostic study and prepare projector presentation 3. Host the round-table meeting Seating of panelists and participants Make presentation and pose questions Recor d and Steps of hosting Mode Request the panelists for expert opinions note the rate National Policy the discu ssion discu Round Table ssion Conduct moderated discussions amongst participants s s Draw substantive conclusions 4. Incorporate the conclusions into outputs Policy Brief Discussion Paper Booklet Synthesis report 5. Disseminate through media (media news, TV shows, and feature articles)
  • 9. Engaging with media • Use of personal relations • Interaction with journalist, engage them through critical dialogue • Give interview, organise media interactions • Write column, help writers with ideas • TV programme broadcast, documentary • Press release
  • 11. Our engagement in forest policy processes Policy issues Level ForestAction contribution Achievement Special forest policy for Policy Action researches Cartelize terai Terai (April 2000) and Dissertations forest governance wider debate of Terai Book debate forest governance Journal articles Special issue of Journal on Terai forest Community Forestry Guidelines Actively participated in taskforce Pro-poor CF Guidelines Analysis and papers focusing guidelines pro-poor and inclusive provisions Forest Act amendment Act Field study Government (different attempts Discussion paper withdrew including 2001, 2010) Policy roundtable amendment bill Gaurisankhar Regulations Field study Ensured Conservation Area Policy roundtable community rights (2010-2011) in Gaurisankhar CA regulations with CF inventory guidelines Guidelines Field study and report Simplified CF (September 2000) Review article in JFL inventory guidelines
  • 12. Joint Media authorship engagement Publications (encourage to read and write ) Contribute to major events (CF WS, GACF) Spectrum of Action research engagement and multi level engagement Organise policy forums Alliance with citizen Meeting, networks Contribute to govt. reflections processes with policy makers
  • 13. M-SH process: a continued challenge • Question government monopoly • Lobby for, encourage M-SH process • Capacitate weak actors, question and contest the hegemonic relations • Critical input to meetings, w/s • Challenges: strategic manipulation, representation, accountability, unequal deliberative competency
  • 14. Forest Act amendment bill: A successful case Media reports Government proposal FECOFUN protest Amendment bill withdrawn Policy round table Discussion paper Field research
  • 15. Political vs. Intellectual argument CSOs planned a FA conducted study a study Was not impressive Conducted a Used participatory scientific Diverse parties discipline study appreciated Shared in a press conference Presented in a Report blamed policy Prepared a discussion bureaucracy roundtable paper
  • 16. Challenges Retaining good people Unmet local expectations Social accountability research – Project advocacy liabilities balance Evidence vs Limited political research manoeuvring Knowledge funds monopoly of large institutions