4. BEER
An alcoholic beverage that is
made by fermenting barley,
corn, or rye is beer. Most beers
are about 4 percent alcohol.
Malt liquor is beer that has a
higher alcohol content than
regular beer. Light beer is beer
that has fewer calories than
regular beer, but about the
5. WINE
An alcoholic beverage made
by fermenting grapes or
other fruits is wine. Most
wines are about 12 to 14
percent alcohol. A wine
cooler is a carbonated,
fruit-flavored alcoholic
beverage that is 1.5 to 6
6. LIQUO
R
An alcoholic beverage that is made
by distillation is liquor.
Distillation is a process that uses a
fermented mixture to obtain an
alcoholic beverage with a high
alcohol content. Whiskey, bourbon,
rye, rum, gin, vodka, tequila, and
brandy are types of liquor. Most
liquors are about 40 percent
alcohol. A measure of the amount
7. Alcohol enters the bloodstream
within
minutes. About 20 percent of the
alcohol that a person drinks is
absorbed into the bloodstream
through the walls of the stomach. A
majority of the rest of the alcohol is
absorbed through the walls of the
intestine. After it is absorbed,
alcohol moves quickly into the
bloodstream. The remaining alcohol
8. Alcohol affects every cell in the body.
Most of the alcohol is changed to
harmless waste by the liver. The liver
can process only about one drink per
hour. If a person has more than one
drink, the excess alcohol builds up in the
body. The alcohol in a drink goes to the
body tissues before being excreted. The
effects of alcohol intensify as the
concentration of alcohol in the blood
increases. The amount of alcohol in a
person’s blood is the blood alcohol
concentration (BAC). BAC is given as a
13. Advertising techniques
Alcohol companies Alcohol companies
sponsor sporting events, target teens and young
music concerts, art adults by marketing
festivals, exhibits, and beverages that appear
college events. safer than other alcoholic
Manufacturers and beverages.
advertisers never show These are sweet and
consumers the negative look similar to non-
side effects of alcohol alcoholic carbonated
use. beverages.
14. How Alcohol Affects our
Body
Nervous system-
Drinking impairs the
brain and other
parts of the nervous
system, such as nerve
cells. Drinking
alcohol can cause
blackouts and
seizures, and
dementia, which is a
general decline in
15. Digestive system
Drinking increases the
risk of developing
cancers of the mouth,
esophagus, and
stomach. Drinking
alcohol also
stimulates the
secretion of stomach
acids and injures the
inner lining of the
stomach and causes
16. Immune system
Drinking
depresses the
function of the
immune system.
This increases the
risk of
developing
certain illnesses,
such as
respiratory
infections,
17. Cardiovascular
system- Drinking
can damage the
organs of the
cardiovascular
system. People
who drink are at
increased risk for
developing
cardiovascular
18. Skeletal system-
Drinking causes
the body to lose
calcium. Calcium
is necessary for
proper
development of
the skeletal
system and
bones. Frequent,
long-term use of
alcohol is a risk
factor for
20. Reproductive system- Drinking
can have significant effects on
the reproductive system during
puberty. In females, it can delay
the first menstrual cycle and
cause irregular periods. In
males, drinking can affect the
size of the testes and the
development of muscle mass
21.
22. Alcohol and
Alcohol and the Law
Violence
Teens who use alcohol can be Fights are more likely to break
arrested and sentenced to a out at parties where alcohol is
youth detention center. used.
Any arrest and conviction can Teens who drink are also more
likely to be victims or
affect a teen’s future.
perpetrators of violent
Breaking the law can also crimes, such as rape, aggravated
damage a teen’s reputation assault, and robbery.
and cause that teen to lose It is estimated that alcohol use is
the trust of friends and family a factor in one-third to two-
members. thirds of sexual assaults or date-
rape cases.
23. Alcohol and Family
It is estimated that 25 Studies show that a person
percent of all youth are who begins drinking
exposed to alcohol abuse- alcohol as a teen is four
the excessive use of times more likely to
alcohol-within their develop alcohol
families. dependence than someone
Young people who live in a who waits until adulthood
house who abuse alcohol to use alcohol.
are at a high risk for This dependence, called
Neglect alcoholism, is a disease in
Economic hardship which a person has a
Mental illnesses or
physical or psychological
physical problems dependence on drinks that
contain alcohol
24. Alcohol and Sexual Alcohol and
Activity School
Teens who use alcohol are more Most students had adopted a zero-
likely to become sexually active at tolerance policy for students found
an earlier age, and to engage in using alcohol on school property.
unprotected sexual activity. Students who use alcohol may
Approximately 25 percent of become ineligible for or be
sexually active teens use alcohol or suspended from school activities
drugs before engaging in sexual or graduation, or expelled from
activity. school.
Teens who drink often are twice as These students could also be
likely to contract an STD as teens placed in an alternate education
who do not drink. programTeens who drink are more
likely to become sexually active at
Teens who drink alcohol are earlier ages, engage in sexual
more likely to be involved in activity more often, and engage in
violent crimes unprotected sex more often
Rape, aggravated assault, and Impairs a person’s judgment
robbery Lowers inhibitions
Also fights Compromises moral standards
25. Alcohol abuse – the excessive use of alcohol
25% of youth are exposed to family alcohol abuse
Higher risk for neglect, abuse, economic hardship, and social
isolation
Sometimes these problems can lead to trying alcohol to escape
26. Strategies for Preventing
Use of Alcohol
Be assertive
Refuse to drink
Leave the situation quickly
Call for a ride home
Avoid parties where alcohol
is served
Practice refusal skills
27. Statistics...
Alcohol is a key factor in …
33% of suicides
50% of homicides
62% of assaults
68% of manslaughter cases
50% of head injuries
41% of traffic fatalities
Domestic abuse and injury, child abuse and
neglect, and workplace injuries
More than 50% of all drowning incidents
28. Driving under the
influence
Drinking and Driving is the leading cause of
death for teenagers
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) – the
amount of alcohol in a person’s blood
DUI – Driving Under the Influence
BAC = .08 - .10
DWI – Driving While Intoxicated
BAC = .10 and higher
29. Consequences of DWI
Harm to driver and others
Restricted driving privileges and/or
confiscation of driver’s license
Alcohol-related injuries, property damage, and
death
Living with regret
Loss of parental trust and respect
Arrest, jail time, court appearance, heavy fine
or bail
Police record and possible lawsuits
Higher insurance rates – up to 3x higher than
non-drinking peers
31. BINGE Drinking
Drinking five or more alcohol
drinks at one sitting
Can cause alcohol
poisoning…can lead to death
Alcohol poisoning – a severe
and potentially fatal physical
reaction to an alcohol
overdose
32. Alcohol during Pregnancy
When a mother drinks, alcohol
passes from the mother’s body
into the bloodstream of the
fetus
Fetus’ liver is not developed enough to
filter alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) –
a group of alcohol-related
birth defects that include
33. Effects of
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
Born with a small head and
deformities of the face, hands, or
feet
Heart, liver, and kidney defects
Vision and hearing problems
Experience slow growth and
coordination
Have difficulties with learning,
attention, memory, and problem
solving
FAS is the leading known cause of
34. Alcoholism – a disease in which a person
has a physical or psychological dependence
on drinks that contain alcohol
Characterized by an impaired ability to
study, work, and socialize normally
35. Alcoholic – an addict who is dependent on alcohol
Symptoms
Craving – a strong need to drink
Loss of control – cannot limit his/her drinking
Physical dependence – may experience withdrawal
symptoms (nausea, sweating, shakiness, and anxiety)
when not drinking
Tolerance – need to drink more to feel the effects
Health, family, and legal problems
36. Stages of
Alcoholism
Stage 1 – Abuse
Begins with social drinking
A person begins to drink and become
intoxicated regularly
A person may start to lie or make
excuses about his/her drinking
Start to develop a tolerance
May be a problem drinker
37. Stages of
Alcoholism
Stage 2 – Dependence
The person cannot stop drinking –
physically dependent on the drug
Alcohol is the person’s central
focus
Drinker tries to hide the problem
Performance starts to suffer
Makes excuses/blames others for
the problem
38. Stages of
Alcoholism
Stage 3 – Addiction
Drinking is the most important
thing in the person’s life
Liver damage is common at this
stage – less alcohol may be
required to intoxicate the person
If they stop drinking, they would
experience severe withdrawal
39. Effects on
Society
Estimated 14 million alcoholics in the US
Factor in the 4 leading causes of death
Car accidents
Falls
Drowning
House fires
Plays major role in violent crimes
~40% (3 million) crimes are alcohol-related
2/3 domestic violence cases are alcohol-
related
½ of all homicide victims have alcohol in
40. Effects on
Family
Codependency
Codependents learn to ignore
their own needs and focus their
energy and emotions on the needs
of the alcoholic
Codependents lose their trust in
others, their self-esteem, and
sometimes their own health
41. Refusing Alcohol
Here are some examples of refusal
statements:
“I don’t like the taste.”
“No thanks, I need to be in top shape for
the game this week.”
“I really don’t drink alcohol-beside,
I’m heading home.”
“I really cant, my parents would be
angry. We have an agreement.”
“I don’t want to risk getting kicked off
