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NATIONAL JEWISH INSTITUTE
FOR   CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
                    AND
 INSTITUTE FOR CONTINUING
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
            AT   TOURO COLLEGE
MEDICINE, CULTURE AND
       ETHICS
     AUTONOMY
CASE STUDY
PARAMETERS OF CHOICE

CAN WE CHOOSE TO
    REFUSE?
SAFEGUARDING ONE’S LIFE


Similarly, it is a positive commandment
to remove any obstacle that could pose a
danger to life, and to be very careful
regarding these matters, as it states
(Deuteronomy 4:9) ‘Be cautious and
guard your life.’‛


     Maimonides (1135-1204), Mishneh Torah,
 Laws of the Murderer and Guarding Life 11:4
RISKY BEHAVIOR VS. “ACT OF G-D”
FAITH VS. HEALING


     DOES PURSUING A
     CURE DEFY G-D’S
        WISHES?
FAITH VS. HEALING

SEEKING CURE: INTERFERENCE WITH G-D’S PLAN?
    “I am the Lord your healer.” – Exodus 15:26
    “See now that it is I!
    I am the One, and there is no god like Me.
    I cause death and grant life.
    I strike and I heal, and no one can rescue
    from My Hand.” – Deuteronomy 32:39
FAITH VS. HEALING

SEEKING CURE: INTERFERENCE WITH G-D’S PLAN?
     And Asa suffered from a foot ailment in
     the 39th year of his reign until his
     ailment spread upward; and even in his
     illness, he did not seek the Lord, but the
     physicians.”
                                 – Chronicles II, 16:12
DOES JUDAISM REJECT MEDICAL
       INTERVENTION?



             Should man
             withdraw from
             attempts at healing
             self or others?
OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING

“And if men quarrel, and one strikes the other with a
stone or with a fist, and the victim does not die but is
confined to bed, if he gets up and walks about
outside on his staff, the assailant shall be cleared;
He shall only pay for the victim’s idleness and he
shall provide for his cure.”
                                            – Exodus 21:18-19
OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING
He shall only pay for the victim’s idleness and he shall
provide for his cure.”
                                                  – Exodus 21:18-19

        “The school of Rabbi Ishmael taught, ‘He
        shall provide for his cure’ – from this verse we
        learn that permission is granted to physicians
        to heal.”
                                      – Talmud, Bava Kama 85a


               ‚And we do not say, ‘God has
               struck, will the physician then go and
               heal?!’‛
                                       – Rashi (1040–1105), ibid.
OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING



Obligated   Physical assault

Obligated   Illness not imposed by human
OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING


            And heal, he shall heal.
                                         – Exodus 21:19

From the word ‚and heal,‛ we understand that there is
permission to heal. What is the purpose of the doubling, ‚he
shall heal?‛

Without it, one might think that only wounds inflicted by
humans may be healed, but that healing illness caused by God
could be seen as defying His edict. Therefore the word is
repeated, to teach us that it is permitted to heal all illnesses.‛

                                     – Tosafot (1200 – 1300), ibid.
SUMMARY



Seeking the care of physicians is
 • Morally permissible
 • Obligatory
 • Even to cure illnesses that have
   no discernible human cause.

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Medicine, Culture and Ethics, Autonomy.

  • 1. NATIONAL JEWISH INSTITUTE FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND INSTITUTE FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AT TOURO COLLEGE
  • 2. MEDICINE, CULTURE AND ETHICS AUTONOMY
  • 4. PARAMETERS OF CHOICE CAN WE CHOOSE TO REFUSE?
  • 5. SAFEGUARDING ONE’S LIFE Similarly, it is a positive commandment to remove any obstacle that could pose a danger to life, and to be very careful regarding these matters, as it states (Deuteronomy 4:9) ‘Be cautious and guard your life.’‛ Maimonides (1135-1204), Mishneh Torah, Laws of the Murderer and Guarding Life 11:4
  • 6. RISKY BEHAVIOR VS. “ACT OF G-D”
  • 7. FAITH VS. HEALING DOES PURSUING A CURE DEFY G-D’S WISHES?
  • 8. FAITH VS. HEALING SEEKING CURE: INTERFERENCE WITH G-D’S PLAN? “I am the Lord your healer.” – Exodus 15:26 “See now that it is I! I am the One, and there is no god like Me. I cause death and grant life. I strike and I heal, and no one can rescue from My Hand.” – Deuteronomy 32:39
  • 9. FAITH VS. HEALING SEEKING CURE: INTERFERENCE WITH G-D’S PLAN? And Asa suffered from a foot ailment in the 39th year of his reign until his ailment spread upward; and even in his illness, he did not seek the Lord, but the physicians.” – Chronicles II, 16:12
  • 10. DOES JUDAISM REJECT MEDICAL INTERVENTION? Should man withdraw from attempts at healing self or others?
  • 11. OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING “And if men quarrel, and one strikes the other with a stone or with a fist, and the victim does not die but is confined to bed, if he gets up and walks about outside on his staff, the assailant shall be cleared; He shall only pay for the victim’s idleness and he shall provide for his cure.” – Exodus 21:18-19
  • 12. OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING He shall only pay for the victim’s idleness and he shall provide for his cure.” – Exodus 21:18-19 “The school of Rabbi Ishmael taught, ‘He shall provide for his cure’ – from this verse we learn that permission is granted to physicians to heal.” – Talmud, Bava Kama 85a ‚And we do not say, ‘God has struck, will the physician then go and heal?!’‛ – Rashi (1040–1105), ibid.
  • 13. OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING Obligated Physical assault Obligated Illness not imposed by human
  • 14. OBLIGATION TO SEEK HEALING And heal, he shall heal. – Exodus 21:19 From the word ‚and heal,‛ we understand that there is permission to heal. What is the purpose of the doubling, ‚he shall heal?‛ Without it, one might think that only wounds inflicted by humans may be healed, but that healing illness caused by God could be seen as defying His edict. Therefore the word is repeated, to teach us that it is permitted to heal all illnesses.‛ – Tosafot (1200 – 1300), ibid.
  • 15. SUMMARY Seeking the care of physicians is • Morally permissible • Obligatory • Even to cure illnesses that have no discernible human cause.