The document summarizes information about World Health Day which is celebrated annually on April 7th. It is organized by the World Health Organization to highlight priority public health issues. The 2014 theme is "Vector-Borne Diseases" such as dengue, malaria, and lymphatic filariasis. The goals are to increase awareness of prevention and promote access to treatment for these diseases transmitted through mosquitoes, ticks, and other vectors.

3. WORLD HEALTH
DAY
APRIL 7th
2014

4. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
• Specialized agency of the United Nations. (UN)
• Concerned with International public health.
• Established on 7 April 1948.
• Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
• Headed by Dr. Margaret
Chan.

5. • The WHO organizes
international, regional
and local events on
the day related to a
particular theme.
• The designated day for
celebrating the World
Heath Day is 7th
April.
• Each year a theme is
selected that highlight
a priority area of
public health.

7. GENERAL REASONS FOR
CELEBRATING WORLD HEALTH
DAY
• focus on increasing the life expectancy by
promoting good health & healthier living
habits
• Control of diseases through wide range of
preventive measures by preventing modes of
transmission
• Support all health authorities on global basis
to make their own efforts for the public health
problems to enhance better life

8. OBJECTIVES
• To increase the public awareness of various
causes and prevention of diseases
• To provide detail knowledge of getting
prevented from various diseases and
complications
• To encourage most vulnerable group of
people to frequently check their health status
and follow treatment regimen
• To promote self care among people

9. Contd..
• To motivate the worldwide health authorities
to make their own efforts in creating the
healthy environments
• To protect families living in the disease
vulnerable areas
• To teach travelers an how to get protected
from vectors borne diseases while travelling

10. CELEBRATIONS
• Governments, Non governments, NGO ‘s
including various health organize programmes
related to public health issues and awareness
• Highlights activities and supports through the
media reports like press release , news ,
posters etc
• Pledges, Debates, Art competitions
• Theme presentation.

11. WORLD HEALTH DAY THEME 2014
“VECTOR
BORNE
DISEASES”

12. IMPORTANCE
• World’ s fastest growing vector borne diseases
is dengue with a 30 fold increase in disease
incidence over the last 50years
• Drastic increase in global population at risk of
malaria between 2000 and 2012
• In 2012, there were an estimated 207 million
cases of malaria and 627000 malaria deaths
• Mostly risky cases were found in Africa and
South East Asia

13. GOALS …
• Better protection from vector borne
diseases
• Universal access to prevention and
treatment

15. SLOGAN

17. • Mosquitoes, flies, ticks and bugs may be a
threat to your health – and that of your family
- at home and when travelling.
• This is the message of this year’s World Health
Day, on 7 April. This short video highlights
simple measures we can take to protect
ourselves.

19. HIGHLIGHTS OF THE THEME
• Know before you travel
• Preventing vector borne diseases
• Preventing and controlling vector borne
diseases

20. KNOW BEFORE YOU TRAVEL

21. POSTERS FOR THE THEME

24. PREVENTING VECTOR BORNE
DISEASES
• Preventing vector borne diseases being the
prime end of WHO.
• Mainly focusing on vectors and vector borne
diseases.

26. VECTORS
• Mosquitoes
• Ticks
• Snails
• Sand flies

28. VECTOR BORNE DISEASES
• Dengue fever
• Malaria
• Leishmaniasis
• Schistosomiasis
• Chagas disease
• Lymphatic filariasis

31. PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING
VECTOR BORNE DISEASES
• Simple, cost-effective interventions like
insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor
spraying have already saved millions of lives,”-
Dr Margaret Chan, WHO Director-General.
• “No one in the 21st century should die from
the bite of a mosquito, a sandfly, a blackfly or
a tick.”

33. DENGUE FEVER
• According to the World Health Organisation
(WHO), more than 2.5 billion people in the
world are now at risk of suffering from
dengue.
• The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary
vector of dengue.

43. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF
DENGUE FEVER
• Sudden-onset fever
• Headache (typically located behind
the eyes)
• Muscle and joint pains
• Rash

46. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• Preventing mosquitoes by environmental
management and modification.
• Disposing of solid waste properly.
• Covering, emptying and cleaning of domestic
water storage containers on a weekly basis.
• Using of personal household protection.

47. WHO RESPONSE
• Supports countries in the confirmation of
outbreaks.
• Provides technical support and guidance to
countries.
• Supports countries to improve their reporting
systems.
• Provides training on clinical management,
diagnosis and vector control.

48. Contd..
• Applying appropriate insecticides to water
storage outdoor containers
• Improving community participation.
• Applying insecticides as space spraying during
outbreaks.
• Active monitoring and surveillance of vectors

49. Contd..
• Formulates evidence-based strategies and
policies.
• Develops new tools, including insecticide
products and application technologies.
• Gathers official records of dengue and severe
dengue from over 100 member states.
• Publishes guidelines and handbooks for case
management, dengue prevention and control.

50. MALARIA
• Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by
parasites that are transmitted to people
through the bites of infected anopheles
mosquitoes.
• In 2012, malaria caused an estimated 627 000
deaths (with an uncertainty range of 473 000
to 789 000), mostly among African children.

54. MALARIA

55. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
Vector control
• Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
(ITNs)
• Indoor spraying with residual
insecticides

56. WHO RESPONSE
• setting, communicating and promoting the
adoption of evidence-based norms, standards,
policies, technical strategies, and guidelines;
• keeping independent score of global progress;
• developing approaches for capacity building,
systems strengthening, and surveillance;
• identifying threats to malaria control and
elimination as well as new areas for action.

57. LEISHMANIASIS
• Leishmaniasis is caused by the
protozoan Leishmania parasites which are
transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies
• An estimated 1.3 million new cases and 20000
to 30 000 deaths occur annually.

58. CLASSIFICATION
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
• Visceral leishmaniasis

60. TYPES
• The cutaneous form: presents with skin ulcers
• Mucocutaneous form: presents with ulcers of
the skin, mouth and nose
• Viceral form: starts with skin ulcers and than
latter presents with fever, low red blood cells,
and a large spleen and liver.

63. MUCOCUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

64. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• Early diagnosis and effective case
management
• Vector control
• Effective disease surveillance
• Control of reservoir hosts
• Social mobilization and strengthening
partnerships

65. Contd..
• Providing technical support to build
sustainable, effective surveillance system and
epidemic preparedness and response.
• Strengthening collaboration and coordination
• Monitoring the global leishmaniasis situation,
trends and measure progress in the disease
control, and financing
• Promoting research on effective leishmaniasis
control

66. WHO RESPONSE
• Supporting national leishmaniasis control
programmes.
• Raising awareness and advocacy on the global
burden of leishmaniasis.
• Promoting equitable access to health services
for disease prevention and case management.
• Developing evidence-based policy guidelines,
strategies and standards.

67. SCHISTOSOMIASIS
• Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic
disease caused by parasitic worms.
• The number of people reported to have been
treated for schistosomiasis in 2012 was 42.1
million and 249 million taken preventive
treatment
• People become infected when larval forms of
the parasite released by freshwater snails
penetrate the skin during contact with
infested water.

68. Prevention and control
• Large-scale treatment of at-risk population
groups, access to safe water, improved
sanitation, hygiene education and snail
control.
• The WHO strategy for schistosomiasis control
focuses on reducing disease through periodic,
targeted treatment with praziquantel

69. WHO RESPONSE
• Preventive chemotherapy in consultation with
collaborating centres
• WHO develops technical guidelines and tools
for use by national control programmes.
• Increased access to praziquantel and
resources for implementation

70. CHAGAS DISEASE
• Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis,
is a potentially life-threatening illness caused
by the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi.
• About 7 million to 8 million people are
estimated to be infected worldwide, mostly in
Latin America where Chagas disease is
endemic.

71. PREVENTION AND CONTROL
• Spraying of houses and surrounding areas
with residual insecticides.
• House improvements to prevent vector
infestation.
• Personal preventive measures such as
bednets.

72. Contd…
• To kill the parasite, Chagas disease can be
treated with benznidazole and also nifurtimox
• There is no vaccine for Chagas disease.
• Vector control is the most effective method of
prevention

73. Contd..
• Good hygiene practices in food preparation,
transportation, storage and consumption.
• Screening of blood donors.
• Testing of organ, tissue or cell of donors and
receivers.
• Screening of newborns and other children of
infected mothers to provide early diagnosis
and treatment.

74. WHO RESPONSE
• Strengthening world epidemiological
surveillance and information systems.
• Preventing transmission by blood transfusion
and organ transplantation.
• Promoting the identification of diagnostic
tests for screening and diagnosis of infections.
• Expanding secondary prevention of congenital
transmission and case management of
congenital and non-congenital infections.

75. LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS
• Nearly 1.4 billion people in 73 countries
worldwide are threatened by lymphatic
filariasis or elephantiasis.
• Over 120 million people are currently
infected, with about 40 million disfigured and
incapacitated by the disease.

76. WHO’s strategy is based on 2 key components:
• stopping transmission through large-scale
annual treatment of all eligible people in an
area or region where infection is present.
• alleviating the suffering caused by lymphatic
filariasis through increased morbidity
management and disability prevention
activities.

77. WHO RESPONSE
• Large-scale treatment (mass drug
administration)
Albendazole (400 mg) together with
ivermectin (150-200 mcg/kg) or with
diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) (6 mg/kg).
• Morbidity management and disability
prevention
• Vector control

91. THANK YOUTHANK YOU