PHPSpec BDD for PHP

Marcello Duarte @_mdPHPSpec Lead DeveloperHead of Training @Agile guy

What is PHPSpec?

What is PHPSpec? BDD Framework

What is PHPSpec? BDD Framework Created by Pádraic Brady

What is PHPSpec? BDD Framework Created by Pádraic Brady DSL based on RSpec

BDD?Better way to explain TDD

TDD?Write a failing test

TDD? Write a failing testMake it fail for the right reasons

TDD? Write a failing testMake it fail for the right reasons Make it pass (just about)

TDD? Write a failing testMake it fail for the right reasons Make it pass (just about) Refactor

Unit TestingXP: test everything that can possibly break

Unit TestingXP: test everything that can possibly break Unit: vague and structural 1:1

Unit TestingXP: test everything that can possibly break Unit: vague and structural 1:1 Focus on code not behaviour

It’s all in the mind It’s soo simple, it does not need tests

It’s all in the mind It’s soo simple, it does not need tests I’ve done this millions of times

It’s all in the mind It’s soo simple, it does not need tests I’ve done this millions of timesI will write my code rst and test if I have time

Focus on value

Focus on behaviour

TestSpecify

class CalculatorTest becomesclass DescribeCalculator

Test Case

Test CaseContext

class CalculatorTest extends SomeTestFramework_TestCase becomesclass DescribeCalculator extends PHPSpecContext

Test Method

Test Method Example

testAddWithNoArguments() becomesitReturnsZeroWithNoArguments()

Assert

AssertExpect

$this->assertEquals(0, $result); becomes $result->should->be(0);

InstallingPEAR (soon...)# pear channel-discover pear.phpspec.netAdding Channel "pear.phpspec.net" succeededDiscovery of channel "pear.phpspec.net" succeeded# pear config-set preferred_state beta# pear install --alldeps phpspec/PHPSpecGITHUB$ git clone git://github.com/phpspec/phpspec.git

Set initial state# StringCalculatorSpec.php<?phpclass DescribeStringCalculator extends PHPSpecContext{ function before() { $this->calculator = $this->spec(new StringCalculator); }}

PHPSpec DSLclass DescribeStringCalculator extends PHPSpecContext{ ... function itReturnsZeroWithNoArguments() { $this->calculator->add()->should->be(0); }}

Lets run our specs$ phpspec StringCalculatorSpec.php -c..Finished in 0.055689 seconds2 examples, 0 failures

Pending examplesfunction itReturnsTheBareNumber(){ $this->pending(Waiting to clarify the spec);}

$ phpspec StringCalculatorSpec.php -c..*Pending: String Calculator returns the bare number # Waiting to clarify the spec # ./spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:19Finished in 0.056134 seconds2 examples, 0 failures, 1 pending$

Failing examplespublic function itReturnsTheSumOfSpaceSeparatedString(){ $this->calculator->add(4 2)->should->be(6);}// this will fail because it’s not yet implemented

$ phpspec StringCalculatorSpec.php -c.*.FPending: String Calculator returns the bare number # Waiting to clarify the spec # ./spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:19Failures: 1) String Calculator returns the sum of space separate string expected 6, got NULL (using be()) # .spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:28Finished in 0.056134 seconds4 examples, 1 failure, 1 pending$

$result->should->be(0)$result->shouldNot->be(42)

$ phpspec StringCalculatorSpec.php -c.*.FPending: String Calculator returns the bare number # Waiting to clarify the spec # ./spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:19Failures: 1) String Calculator returns the sum of space separate string expected 42, not to be 24 (using be()) # .spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:28Finished in 0.056134 seconds4 examples, 1 failure, 1 pending$

Deliberate failpublic function itReturnsTheBareNumber(){ $this->fail(Just because);}

$ phpspec StringCalculatorSpec.php -c.*.FPending: String Calculator returns the bare number # Waiting to clarify the spec # ./spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:19Failures: 1) String Calculator returns the sum of space separate string expected 42, got 0 (using be()) # .spec/StringCalculatorSpec.php:28 2) StringCalculator returns the sum of any white spaceseparated string Failure/Error: Just becauseFinished in 0.056134 seconds4 examples, 1 failure, 1 pending

Matchers

be($match) equal($match) beEqualTo($match) beAnInstanceOf($match) beEmpty() beFalse() beGreaterThan($match)beGreaterThanOrEqualTo($match)

And more matchers...

beInteger() beLessThan($match)beLessThanOrEqualTo($match) beNull() beString() beTrue() throwException($match)

beInteger() beLessThan($match)beLessThanOrEqualTo($match) beNull() beString() beTrue() w throwException($match) ne

Predicate Matcher $cell = $this->spec(new Cell); $cell->should->beAlive();class Cell{ protected $alive = true; public function isAlive() { return $this->alive; } ...}

Predicate Matcher $newNode = $this->spec(new Node); $newNode->shouldNot->haveChildren();class Node{ protected $children = array(); public function hasChildren() { return count($this->children) > 0; } ...}

User De ned Matcherclass DescribeRapture extends PHPSpecContext{ ... function itIsNotTheEndOfTheWorldAsWeKnowIt() { $today = new DateTime(2011-05-20); $this->rapture->setDate($today) $this->rapture->shouldNot->happenToday(); }}

$ phpspec RaptureSpec.php -cEExceptions: 1) Rapture is not the end of the world as we know it Failure/Error: $this->rapture->shouldNot->happenToday(); PHPSpecException: unknown method call # ./RaptureSpec.php:19 # /usr/share/pear/PHPSpec/Runner/Example.php:168Finished in 0.056134 seconds1 examples, 1 exception$

PHPSpecMatcherdefine(happenToday, function() { return array ( match => function($rapture) { return $rapture->happensToday(); }, failure_message_for_should_not => function($rapture) { return sprintf("expected %s not to mean kaput", $rapture->getDate()); } );});class DescribeRapture extends PHPSpecContext{ ... function itIsNotTheEndOfTheWorldAsWeKnowIt() { $today = new DateTime(2011-05-20); $this->rapture->setDate($today) $this->rapture->shouldNot->happenToday(); }}

http://farm5.static.ﬂickr.com/4140/4926597784_4392361eb6_b_d.jpg

PHPSpecMatcherdefine(contain, function($course) { return array ( match => function($repository) use ($course) { return $repository->has($course); }, failure_message_for_should => function($repository) use ($course) { return "expected $course to be in repository"; } );});class DescribeCourseRepository extends PHPSpecContext{ ... function itAddsNewCourses() { $course = new Course("BDD with PHPSpec"); $this->courses->add($course); $this->courses->should->contain(course); }}

$ phpspec CourseRepositorySpec.php -cFFailures: 1) Course Repository adds new courses Failure/Error: $this->courses->should->contain(course); expected BDD with PHPSpec to be in repository # ./CourseRepository.php:19Finished in 0.056134 seconds1 examples, 1 failure$

Hooks before() after()beforeAll() afterAll()

Mocks mock() stub()double()

Stub Example$greeter = stub(Greeter);$greeter->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Mocks!);$hello = $this->spec(new HelloWorld($greeter));$hello->sayHello()->should->equal(Hello Mocks!);

Partial Stub$greeter = mock(Greeter);$greeter ->stub(greet) ->shouldReceive(Chuck) ->andReturn(Hello Chuck!);$hello = $this->spec(new HelloWorld($greeter));$hello->sayHello()->should->equal(Hello Chuck!);

Shortcut$greeter = stub(Greeter, array(greet => Hello World!));$hello = $this->spec(new HelloWorld($greeter));$hello->sayHello()->should->equal(Hello World!);

Mocks and hinted typeclass HelloWorld{ public function __construct(Greeter $greeter) // <-- type { ... }}$greeter = mock(Greeter); // <-- we are covered

Empty doublesclass HelloWorld{ public function __construct($greeter) // <-- no type { ... }}$greeter = mock(); // <-- no need for types

Counters$greeter ->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Chuck!) ->exactly(42);$greeter ->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Chuck!) ->never();

Coming soon (more counters)$greeter ->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Chuck!) ->atLeast(2);$greeter ->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Chuck!) ->atMost(5);$greeter ->stub(greet)->andReturn(Hello Chuck!) ->between(2..5);

Coming soon (stub chain) Instead of$frontController = double();$dispatcher = double();$route = double();$request = double();$request->stub(frontController) ->andReturn($frontController);$frontController->stub(dispatcher)->andReturn($dispatcher);$dispatcher->stub(route)->andReturn($route);$route->stub(request)->andReturn($request);

Coming soon (stub chain) You can have$request->stubChain(frontController, dispatcher, route,request);

More to come CI friendly reports functional approach backtrace fail fast autorun run single examplesintegration with ZF and Kohana

Links http://github.com/phpspec/phpspechttp://github/phpspec/phpspec-mocks http://www.phpspec.nethttp://dannorth.net/introducing-bdd http://twitter.com/_md http://twitter.com/phpspec

Thank you! Marcello Duarte @_mdhttp://joind.in/talk/view/3469 is hiring. Come talk to me.

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PHPSpec BDD for PHP

by Marcello Duarte

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